Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

Locality Name:
Tonopah-Belmont Mine (East Vulture Mine; Belmont-McNeil Mine; Economy Mining Co. Mine), Belmont Mountain, Tonopah, Osborn District, Big Horn Mts, Maricopa Co., Arizona, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 21
Youngest recorded age at locality: 16

mindat Locality ID: 3354
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-3354.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Tonopah-Belmont Mine (East Vulture Mine; Belmont-McNeil Mine; Economy Mining Co. Mine), Belmont Mountain, Tonopah, Osborn District, Big Horn Mts, Maricopa Co., Arizona, USA": 0
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 0

Latitude: 33°38'52"N
Longitude: 112°55'55"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 33.647777777778,-112.93194444444

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Adelite	Allophane	Alunite	Apatite	Aragonite	Atacamite	Baryte	Brackebuschite	Brochantite	Calcite
Caledonite	Cerchiaraite	Chalcopyrite	Clay	Clinozoisite	Copper	Coronadite	Corundum	Covellite	Descloizite
Diaspore	Epidote	Fornacite	Gypsum	Linarite	Malachite	Minium	Murdochite	None	Not in a structural group
Perovskite	Phenakite	Pyrite	Quartz	Rocksalt	Rutile	Scheelite	Smectite-vermiculite	Sphalerite	Wurtzite
Zircon

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au Ba C Ca Cd Cl Cr Cu Fe H K Mg Mn Mo N Na O P Pb S Se Si V Zn Zr

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Ag Al As Au Ba C Ca Cd Cl Cr Cu Fe H K Mg Mn Mo N Na O P Pb S Se Si V Zn Zr

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Adelite Allophane Alunite Apatite Aragonite Atacamite Baryte Brackebuschite Brochantite Calcite
Caledonite Cerchiaraite Chalcopyrite Clay Clinozoisite Copper Coronadite Corundum Covellite Descloizite
Diaspore Epidote Fornacite Gypsum Linarite Malachite Minium Murdochite None Not in a structural group
Perovskite Phenakite Pyrite Quartz Rocksalt Rutile Scheelite Smectite-vermiculite Sphalerite Wurtzite
Zircon

68 IMA Minerals at location:

Anglesite ()*	Arsendescloizite ()*	Arsentsumebite ()*	Ashburtonite ()*	Aurichalcite ()*
Azurite ()*	Baryte ()*	Bechererite ()*	Boleite ()*	Botallackite ()*
Brochantite ()*	Calcite ()*	Caledonite ()*	Cerussite ()*	Chalcocite ()*
Chalcophanite ()*	Chalcopyrite ()*	Chlorargyrite ()*	Chrysocolla ()*	Clinoatacamite ()*
Coronadite ()*	Covellite ()*	Creaseyite ()*	Cryptomelane ()*	Cumengeite ()*
Descloizite ()*	Diaboleite ()*	Epidote ()*	Galena ()*	Gerhardtite ()*
Goethite ()*	Gold ()*	Greenockite ()*	Gypsum ()*	Hematite ()*
Hemimorphite ()*	Herbertsmithite ()*	Hydrozincite ()*	Jarosite ()*	Leadhillite ()*
Linarite ()*	Litharge ()*	Malachite ()*	Massicot ()*	Mimetite ()*
Minium ()*	Molybdofornacite ()*	Munakataite ()*	Murdochite ()*	Paralaurionite ()*
Paratacamite ()*	Phosgenite ()*	Phosphohedyphane ()*	Plattnerite ()*	Plumbojarosite ()*
Pyrite ()*	Quartz ()*	Rosasite ()*	Saponite ()*	Shannonite ()*
Smithsonite ()*	Sphalerite ()*	Vanadinite ()*	Vauquelinite ()*	Willemite ()*
Wulfenite ()*	Zincite ()*	Zircon ()*

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of localities containing mineral
Anglesite ()*	Baryte	Pb(SO₄)	21	16	2734
Arsendescloizite ()*	Adelite	PbZn(AsO₄)(OH)	21	16	20
Arsentsumebite ()*	Brackebuschite	Pb₂Cu(AsO₄)(SO₄)(OH)	21	16	37
Ashburtonite ()*	Cerchiaraite	HCu₄Pb₄Si₄O₁₂(HCO₃)₄(OH)₄Cl	21	16	3
Aurichalcite ()*	None	(Zn,Cu)₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆	21	16	919
Azurite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂	21	16	5509
Baryte ()*	Baryte	Ba(SO₄)	21	16	11547
Bechererite ()*	None	Zn₇Cu(OH)₁₃[SiO(OH)₃(SO₄)]	21	16	16
Boleite ()*	None	KAg₉Pb₂₆Cu₂₄Cl₆₂(OH)₄₈	21	16	65
Botallackite ()*	Atacamite	Cu₂Cl(OH)₃	21	16	49
Brochantite ()*	Brochantite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆	21	16	1633
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)	21	16	27770
Caledonite ()*	Caledonite	Cu₂Pb₅(SO₄)₃(CO₃)(OH)₆	21	16	359
Cerussite ()*	Aragonite	Pb(CO₃)	21	16	4979
Chalcocite ()*	None	Cu₂S	21	16	5707
Chalcophanite ()*	None	ZnMn⁴⁺₃O₇·3H₂O	21	16	197
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂	21	16	27198
Chlorargyrite ()*	Rocksalt	AgCl	21	16	1382
Chrysocolla ()*	Allophane	(Cu_2-xAl_x)H_2-xSi₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O	21	16	3531
Clinoatacamite ()*	Atacamite	Cu₂Cl(OH)₃	21	16	43
Coronadite ()*	Coronadite	Pb(Mn⁴⁺₆Mn³⁺₂)O₁₆	21	16	227
Covellite ()*	Covellite	CuS	21	16	4165
Creaseyite ()*	None	Cu₂Pb₂Fe³⁺₂Si₅O₁₇·6H₂O	21	16	27
Cryptomelane ()*	Coronadite	K(Mn⁴⁺₇Mn³⁺)O₁₆	21	16	599
Cumengeite ()*	None	Pb₂₁Cu₂₀Cl₄₂(OH)₄₀·6H₂O	21	16	43
Descloizite ()*	Descloizite	PbZn(VO₄)(OH)	21	16	378
Diaboleite ()*	Perovskite	CuPb₂Cl₂(OH)₄	21	16	57
Epidote ()*	Epidote Clinozoisite	Ca₂(Al₂Fe³⁺)[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)	21	16	8173
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS	21	16	24243
Gerhardtite ()*	None	Cu₂(NO₃)(OH)₃	21	16	24
Goethite ()*	Diaspore	FeO(OH)	21	16	7437
Gold ()*	Copper	Au	21	16	30554
Greenockite ()*	Wurtzite	CdS	21	16	717
Gypsum ()*	Gypsum	Ca(SO₄)·2H₂O	21	16	6890
Hematite ()*	Corundum	Fe₂O₃	21	16	14640
Hemimorphite ()*	Not in a structural group	Zn₄(Si₂O₇)(OH)₂·H₂O	21	16	1689
Herbertsmithite ()*	Atacamite	Cu₃Zn(OH)₆Cl₂	21	16	21
Hydrozincite ()*	None	Zn₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆	21	16	1066
Jarosite ()*	Alunite	KFe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	21	16	2228
Leadhillite ()*	None	Pb₄(SO₄)(CO₃)₂(OH)₂	21	16	265
Linarite ()*	Linarite	CuPb(SO₄)(OH)₂	21	16	987
Litharge ()*	None	PbO	21	16	139
Malachite ()*	Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂	21	16	12537
Massicot ()*	None	PbO	21	16	202
Mimetite ()*	Apatite	Pb₅(AsO₄)₃Cl	21	16	1107
Minium ()*	Minium	Pb²⁺₂Pb⁴⁺O₄	21	16	247
Molybdofornacite ()*	Fornacite	CuPb₂(MoO₄)(AsO₄)(OH)	21	16	17
Munakataite ()*	Linarite	Pb₂Cu₂(Se⁴⁺O₃)(SO₄)(OH)₄	21	16	22
Murdochite ()*	Murdochite	Cu₁₂Pb₂O₁₅Cl₂	21	16	34
Paralaurionite ()*	None	PbCl(OH)	21	16	46
Paratacamite ()*	Atacamite	Cu₃(Cu,Zn)Cl₂(OH)₆	21	16	158
Phosgenite ()*	None	Pb₂(CO₃)Cl₂	21	16	142
Phosphohedyphane ()*	Apatite	Ca₂Pb₃(PO₄)₃Cl	21	16	71
Plattnerite ()*	Rutile	PbO₂	21	16	158
Plumbojarosite ()*	Alunite	Pb_0.5Fe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	21	16	477
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	21	16	39462
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	21	16	61156
Rosasite ()*	Malachite	CuZn(CO₃)(OH)₂	21	16	454
Saponite ()*	Clay Smectite-vermiculite	(Ca,Na)_0.3(Mg,Fe)₃(Si,Al)₄O₁₀(OH)₂·4H₂O	21	16	301
Shannonite ()*	None	Pb₂O(CO₃)	21	16	8
Smithsonite ()*	Calcite	Zn(CO₃)	21	16	2473
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS	21	16	21482
Vanadinite ()*	Apatite	Pb₅(VO₄)₃Cl	21	16	605
Vauquelinite ()*	None	CuPb₂(CrO₄)(PO₄)(OH)	21	16	63
Willemite ()*	Phenakite	Zn₂SiO₄	21	16	303
Wulfenite ()*	Scheelite	PbMoO₄	21	16	1655
Zincite ()*	Wurtzite	ZnO	21	16	98
Zircon ()*	Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)	21	16	5251

Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:

Age ID	Locality Notes
Michelle_495	Located on the slope of Belmont Mountain in the Big Horn Mountains, Tonopah-Belmont Mine consists of two major veins hosted in a suite of volcanic rocks. Primary mineralization was later oxidized to form a rich variety of lead, copper and zinc minerals.

1 Ages assigned to this locality:

	Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Prioritized?	Sample Source	Sample Num	Run Num	Age from other Locality	Dated Mineral	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
	Michelle_495	21	16	21-16	Stratigraphy	Age of mineralization during period of volcanism and block tilting									3354	Tonopah-Belmont Mine (East Vulture Mine; Belmont-McNeil Mine; Economy Mining Co. Mine), Belmont Mountain, Tonopah, Osborn District, Big Horn Mts, Maricopa Co., Arizona, USA	Tonopah-Belmont Mine	Gibbs and Ascher (2012)	10.1080/00357529.2012.635946	RM87_175	Age of Belmont Mountain, mineralization occurred during a period of volcanism and block tilting. Primary mineralization of the productive veins were later oxidized to form a rich variety of lead, copper and zinc minerals.

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL
R110003	Tonopah-Belmont Mine (East Vulture Mine; Belmont-McNeil Mine; Economy Mining Co. Mine), Belmont Mountain, Tonopah, Osborn District, Big Horn Mts, Maricopa Co., Arizona, USA	https://rruff.info/R110003
R120082	Tonopah-Belmont Mine (East Vulture Mine; Belmont-McNeil Mine; Economy Mining Co. Mine), Belmont Mountain, Tonopah, Osborn District, Big Horn Mts, Maricopa Co., Arizona, USA	https://rruff.info/R120082
R110005	Tonopah-Belmont Mine (East Vulture Mine; Belmont-McNeil Mine; Economy Mining Co. Mine), Belmont Mountain, Tonopah, Osborn District, Big Horn Mts, Maricopa Co., Arizona, USA	https://rruff.info/R110005
R110006	Tonopah-Belmont Mine (East Vulture Mine; Belmont-McNeil Mine; Economy Mining Co. Mine), Belmont Mountain, Tonopah, Osborn District, Big Horn Mts, Maricopa Co., Arizona, USA	https://rruff.info/R110006
R070501	Tonopah-Belmont Mine (East Vulture Mine; Belmont-McNeil Mine; Economy Mining Co. Mine), Belmont Mountain, Tonopah, Osborn District, Big Horn Mts, Maricopa Co., Arizona, USA	https://rruff.info/R070501

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...