Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Custer, Custer District, Custer Co., South Dakota, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 1702
Youngest recorded age at locality: 1702

mindat Locality ID: 4108
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-4108.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Custer, Custer District, Custer Co., South Dakota, USA": 41
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 39

Number of Child Localities: 36
Child Localities:
Beecher Lode
Big Spar No. 1 Mine
Bland Copper Company Prospect
Blue Bonnet Claim
Bull Moose Mine (Bull Moose Pegmatite; Bull Moose Lodes)
Buster Lode (Buster Dike Mica Mine)
Climax Mica Mine
Crown Mine (McMackin Mine)
Custer Mountain Lode (Snookum Mine)
Dominion Rose Group Claims
Dyke Lode
Elephant Gulch
Elk No. 1 Mine
Elkhorn Mine (Tinsley Mine)
High Climb Mine
Hot Shot Mine
Knowles Lode Claim
Linwood Mine (Phenakite Prospect)
Lushbaugh-Lillian Mine
New York Mine (Westinghouse No. 1 Mine)
Old Mike Mine (Great Northern; Old Mike M.S.2212)
Pink Rose Lode Quarry (Scott Rose Quartz Mine; Scott Mine; Rose Quartz Mine)
Red Bird Pegmatite (McLaren Mine)
Red Deer Mine (Bellemare No. 1 And No. 4; Wildwood Claims)
Rock Ridge Pegmatite
Roosevelt Group (Rough Rider)
Rte. 85A South
Shamrock No. 1 Lode Mine
Susan Lode
Unnamed Garnet Occurrence
Unnamed Pegmatite
Victory Mine (Victory Pegmatite; Victory Mica Mine; Hedman Mine)
White Bear Mine (Gamber Mine)
White Spar Mica Mine (Westinghouse No. 2 Mine)
Wiley Pegmatite
Wonder Lode (Duncan's Little Wonder Mine)

Latitude: 43°44'57"N
Longitude: 103°34'59"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 43.749166666667,-103.58305555556
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au B Be Bi C Ca Ce Cu F Fe H K Li Mg Mn Na O P S Sb Si Sn Sr Ta Te U V W Zn 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: O Te 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AlluauditeAluniteAmphiboleAndalusiteApatiteArrojaditeArseniosideriteArsenoliteArsenopyriteArthurite
AutuniteBerylCalciteCeriteClayColumbiteCorundumCovelliteDufréniteFairfieldite
FeldsparFluoriteGarnetGraftoniteGypsumHureauliteJahnsiteKaoliniteLöllingiteLaueite
LazuliteLeucophosphiteMeloniteMeta-autuniteMicaNickelineNoneNot in a structural groupOlivinePhosphosiderite
PyritePyroxeneQuartzReddingiteRockbridgeiteRutileScheeliteSphaleriteSpinelStaurolite
StewartiteStrunziteSymplesiteTetradymiteTetrahedriteTourmalineTripliteVivianiteWagneriteWicksite

94 IMA Minerals at location:
Albite  (*)Alluaudite  (*)Almandine  (*)Amblygonite  (*)Andalusite  (*)
Arrojadite-(KFe)  (*)Arsenolite  (*)Arsenopyrite  (*)Autunite  (*)Barbosalite  (*)
Bermanite  (*)Beryl  (*)Bismite  (*)Bornite  (*)Britholite-(Ce)  (*)
Cacoxenite  (*)Calcite  (*)Cassiterite  (*)Chalcocite  (*)Chrysoberyl  (*)
Clinobisvanite  (*)Covellite  (*)Dufrénite  (*)Elbaite  (*)Faheyite  (*)
Fairfieldite  (*)Ferrobobfergusonite  (*)Ferrowyllieite  (*)Fluorapatite  (*)Graftonite  (*)
Grunerite  (*)Gypsum  (*)Hematite  (*)Heterosite  (*)Hureaulite  (*)
Jahnsite-(CaMnMn)  (*)Kaolinite  (*)Kryzhanovskite  (*)Laueite  (*)Lazulite  (*)
Leucophosphite  (*)Lithiophilite  (*)Löllingite  (*)Ludlamite  (*)Magnetite  (*)
Meta-autunite  (*)Metavivianite  (*)Microcline  (*)Mitridatite  (*)Montebrasite  (*)
Muscovite  (*)Phosphoferrite  (*)Phosphosiderite  (*)Purpurite  (*)Pyrite  (*)
Pyrrhotite  (*)Quartz  (*)Reddingite  (*)Robertsite  (*)Rockbridgeite  (*)
Rosemaryite  (*)Sarcopside  (*)Scheelite  (*)Schorl  (*)Scorodite  (*)
Scorzalite  (*)Sicklerite  (*)Siderite  (*)Sillimanite  (*)Spessartine  (*)
Sphalerite  (*)Spodumene  (*)Staurolite  (*)Stewartite  (*)Strengite  (*)
Strunzite  (*)Svanbergite  (*)Sylvanite  (*)Symplesite  (*)Tantalite-(Fe)  (*)
Tavorite  (*)Tellurite  (*)Tetradymite  (*)Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)Triphylite  (*)
Triplite  (*)Uraninite  (*)Uranophane-α  (*)Vivianite  (*)Whitlockite  (*)
Wicksite  (*)Wolfeite  (*)Wyllieite  (*)Xanthoxenite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)1702170227264761,264763,264764,264765,264767,264768,264769,264770,264771,264772,264779,264780,264781,264782,264783,264785,264786,264787,264789,264790,264793,264796,264797,264798,264799,264800,2648018803
Alluaudite  (*)Alluaudite   NaMnFe3+2(PO4)3170217025264770,264779,264781,264786,26479094
Almandine  (*)GarnetFe2+3Al2(SiO4)3170217025264771,264777,264787,264792,2647952353
Amblygonite  (*)NoneLiAl(PO4)F170217027264761,264770,264780,264781,264785,264787,264793244
Andalusite  (*)AndalusiteAl2SiO5170217025264761,264764,264772,264779,2647961310
Arrojadite-(KFe)  (*)Arrojadite(KNa)Fe2+(CaNa2)Fe2+13Al(PO4)11(PO3OH)(OH)217021702126479750
Arsenolite  (*)ArsenoliteAs2O3170217022264772,264799231
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS170217024264768,264772,264787,2647999052
Autunite  (*)AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2·10-12H2O170217022264772,2647801272
Barbosalite  (*)LazuliteFe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)217021702126476843
Bermanite  (*)ArthuriteMn2+Mn3+2(PO4)2(OH)2·4H2O170217022264768,26478355
Beryl  (*)BerylBe3Al2Si6O181702170226264761,264762,264764,264765,264767,264768,264769,264771,264772,264773,264778,264779,264780,264781,264782,264783,264784,264785,264786,264787,264788,264790,264797,264798,264799,2648014286
Bismite  (*)NoneBi2O3170217021264791214
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS41702170212647665516
Britholite-(Ce)  (*)Apatite(Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3(OH)170217021264794115
Cacoxenite  (*)NoneFe3+24AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12·75H2O170217022264768,264791280
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)17021702126479427770
Cassiterite  (*)RutileSnO2170217026264761,264770,264772,264779,264785,2647865171
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S1702170212647665707
Chrysoberyl  (*)OlivineBeAl2O4170217025264778,264787,264790,264791,264797321
Clinobisvanite  (*)NoneBi(VO4)17021702126479036
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS1702170212647664165
Dufrénite  (*)DufréniteCa0.5Fe2+Fe3+5(PO4)4(OH)6·2H2O170217021264791139
Elbaite  (*)TourmalineNa(Al1.5Li1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)170217023264761,264772,264793520
Faheyite  (*)NoneBe2Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)4·6H2O1702170212647913
Fairfieldite  (*)FairfielditeCa2Mn2+(PO4)2·2H2O17021702126476872
Ferrobobfergusonite  (*)None   Na2Fe2+5Fe3+Al(PO4)61702170212647971
Ferrowyllieite  (*)NoneNaNaFe2+(Fe2+Al)(PO4)31702170212647974
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F1702170213264761,264768,264770,264771,264772,264779,264780,264781,264787,264790,264791,264794,2648012740
Graftonite  (*)GraftoniteFe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2170217023264768,264797,264799107
Grunerite  (*)Amphibole   Fe2+2Fe2+5Si8O22(OH)2170217021264764223
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O1702170212647686890
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O317021702126476414640
Heterosite  (*)OlivineFe3+(PO4)1702170210264768,264770,264771,264779,264780,264781,264786,264790,264797,264799204
Hureaulite  (*)HureauliteMn2+5(PO3OH)2(PO4)2·4H2O170217025264768,264772,264779,264781,264790125
Jahnsite-(CaMnMn)  (*)JahnsiteCaMn2+Mn2+2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2·8H2O17021702126476818
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)41702170212647795591
Kryzhanovskite  (*)Reddingite(Fe3+,Mn2+)3(PO4)2(OH,H2O)317021702126476834
Laueite  (*)LaueiteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2·8H2O170217022264768,26478070
Lazulite  (*)LazuliteMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2170217021264772232
Leucophosphite  (*)LeucophosphiteKFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)·2H2O170217021264768110
Lithiophilite  (*)OlivineLiMn2+(PO4)170217023264772,264784,264786155
Löllingite  (*)LöllingiteFeAs2170217028264770,264772,264779,264780,264781,264786,264787,264797762
Ludlamite  (*)NoneFe2+3(PO4)2·4H2O17021702126476866
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O4170217022264764,26478914899
Meta-autunite  (*)Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2·6H2O170217021264791388
Metavivianite  (*)SymplesiteFe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2·6H2O17021702126476826
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)1702170224264761,264764,264768,264769,264770,264771,264772,264773,264779,264780,264781,264782,264783,264785,264786,264787,264789,264790,264793,264796,264797,264799,264800,2648014924
Mitridatite  (*)ArseniosideriteCa2Fe3+3O2(PO4)3·3H2O170217023264768,264780,264797129
Montebrasite  (*)NoneLiAl(PO4)(OH)170217022264772,264780200
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)21702170228264761,264763,264764,264765,264767,264768,264769,264770,264771,264772,264773,264779,264780,264781,264782,264783,264785,264786,264787,264788,264789,264790,264792,264793,264797,264798,264799,26480117380
Phosphoferrite  (*)ReddingiteFe2+3(PO4)2·3H2O17021702126476831
Phosphosiderite  (*)PhosphosideriteFe3+(PO4)·2H2O170217022264768,264791182
Purpurite  (*)OlivineMn3+(PO4)17021702126477280
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS2170217022264768,26477239462
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S8170217023264761,264768,2647949056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO21702170231264761,264763,264764,264765,264766,264767,264768,264769,264770,264771,264773,264778,264779,264780,264781,264782,264785,264786,264787,264788,264789,264790,264791,264793,264794,264796,264797,264798,264799,264800,26480161156
Reddingite  (*)ReddingiteMn2+3(PO4)2·3H2O17021702126476824
Robertsite  (*)ArseniosideriteCa2Mn3+3O2(PO4)3·3H2O17021702126478336
Rockbridgeite  (*)Rockbridgeite(Fe2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe3+3(PO4)3(OH)5170217021264768206
Rosemaryite  (*)None   NaMn2+(Fe3+Al)(PO4)31702170212647907
Sarcopside  (*)NoneFe2+3(PO4)2170217022264768,26479758
Scheelite  (*)ScheeliteCa(WO4)1702170212647944894
Schorl  (*)TourmalineNaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)1702170213264761,264769,264771,264773,264779,264781,264782,264785,264787,264790,264792,264797,2647992705
Scorodite  (*)NoneFe3+(AsO4)·2H2O170217023264768,264772,2647871153
Scorzalite  (*)LazuliteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)217021702126479760
Sicklerite  (*)OlivineLiMn2+(PO4)170217028264768,264770,264771,264772,264779,264780,264786,26479966
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)1702170212647716417
Sillimanite  (*)Not in a structural groupAl2SiO5170217027264764,264769,264772,264779,264781,264796,2647971516
Spessartine  (*)GarnetMn2+3Al2(SiO4)3170217024264767,264769,264787,2647921214
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS17021702126476821482
Spodumene  (*)PyroxeneLiAlSi2O61702170212264761,264762,264763,264764,264772,264773,264780,264781,264785,264787,264790,264793688
Staurolite  (*)StauroliteFe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH)170217022264761,264764978
Stewartite  (*)StewartiteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2·8H2O17021702126476848
Strengite  (*)NoneFe3+(PO4)·2H2O170217022264768,264791263
Strunzite  (*)StrunziteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2·6H2O17021702126479198
Svanbergite  (*)AluniteSrAl3(SO4)(PO4)(OH)6170217021264779105
Sylvanite  (*)MeloniteAgAuTe4170217021264791337
Symplesite  (*)SymplesiteFe2+3(AsO4)2·8H2O170217022264772,26478792
Tantalite-(Fe)  (*)ColumbiteFe2+Ta2O617021702126478699
Tavorite  (*)NoneLiFe3+(PO4)(OH)170217023264768,264772,26478135
Tellurite  (*)NoneTeO217021702052
Tetradymite  (*)TetradymiteBi2Te2S170217021264791510
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S131702170212647665317
Triphylite  (*)OlivineLiFe2+(PO4)1702170212264768,264770,264771,264779,264780,264781,264783,264784,264786,264790,264797,264799313
Triplite  (*)TripliteMn2+2(PO4)F170217021264780233
Uraninite  (*)FluoriteUO2170217022264772,2647802718
Uranophane-α  (*)NoneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2·5H2O170217021264780890
Vivianite  (*)VivianiteFe2+3(PO4)2·8H2O170217022264768,264786636
Whitlockite  (*)CeriteCa9Mg(PO3OH)(PO4)6170217021264768104
Wicksite  (*)WicksiteNaCa2Fe2+2(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+)4(PO4)6·2H2O1702170212647683
Wolfeite  (*)WagneriteFe2+2(PO4)(OH)17021702126476843
Wyllieite  (*)NoneNaNaMn(Fe2+Al)(PO4)317021702126478617
Xanthoxenite  (*)NoneCa4Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2·3H2O17021702126476829


2 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Be-00046170217021702  high    FaheyiteBe45259Roosevelt Group (Rough Rider), Custer, Custer District, Custer Co., South Dakota, USA Dahl and Foland (2008)10.2138/am.2008.2633AM93_1215 
Be-00023170217021702  high   YesEhrleite, Fransoletite, Greifensteinite, Pahasapaite, Parafransoletite, Roscherite, TiptopiteBe4122Tip Top Mine (Tip Top Pegmatite), Fourmile, Custer District, Custer Co., South Dakota, USA Dahl and Foland (2008)10.2138/am.2008.2633AM93_1215 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL
R070358Bull Moose Mine (Bull Moose Pegmatite; Bull Moose Lodes), Custer, Custer District, Custer Co., South Dakota, USAhttps://rruff.info/R070358
R070153Bull Moose Mine (Bull Moose Pegmatite; Bull Moose Lodes), Custer, Custer District, Custer Co., South Dakota, USAhttps://rruff.info/R070153
R050459Bull Moose Mine (Bull Moose Pegmatite; Bull Moose Lodes), Custer, Custer District, Custer Co., South Dakota, USAhttps://rruff.info/R050459
R070553Bull Moose Mine (Bull Moose Pegmatite; Bull Moose Lodes), Custer, Custer District, Custer Co., South Dakota, USAhttps://rruff.info/R070553
R070523Bull Moose Mine (Bull Moose Pegmatite; Bull Moose Lodes), Custer, Custer District, Custer Co., South Dakota, USAhttps://rruff.info/R070523
R140711Dyke Lode, Custer, Custer District, Custer Co., South Dakota, USAhttps://rruff.info/R140711

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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