Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

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The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

Locality Name:
Umbria, Italy

Oldest recorded age at locality: 3.82
Youngest recorded age at locality: 0.246

mindat Locality ID: 48561
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-48561.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Umbria, Italy": 28
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 15

Number of Child Localities: 2
Child Localities:
Perugia Province
Terni Province

Latitude: 42°50'56"N
Longitude: 12°29'9"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 42.848888888889,12.485833333333

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Alunite	Amorphous	Amphibole	Analcime	Apatite	Aphthitalite	Apophyllite	Aragonite	Baryte	Beryl
Brucite	Calcite	Chabazite	Chalcopyrite	Clay	Corundum	Cubanite	Diaspore	Djerfisherite	Ettringite
Feldspar	Fluorite	Garnet	Gismondine	Gypsum	Günterblassite	Harmotome	Iron	Lévyne	Marcasite
Melilite	Mica	Nickeline	None	Not in a structural group	Olivine	Pentlandite	Perovskite	Pyrite	Pyroxene
Rhodesite	Rocksalt	Sapphirine	Spinel	Spurrite-Afwillite	Starkeyite	Sulphur	Thomsonite	Titanite	Tobermorite
Tridymite	Wollastonite	Wurtzite	Wöhlerite

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al Ba C Ca Ce Cl Cr Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn Na Ni O P Pb S Si Sr Ti V Zr

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality:

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Alunite Amorphous Amphibole Analcime Apatite Aphthitalite Apophyllite Aragonite Baryte Beryl
Brucite Calcite Chabazite Chalcopyrite Clay Corundum Cubanite Diaspore Djerfisherite Ettringite
Feldspar Fluorite Garnet Gismondine Gypsum Günterblassite Harmotome Iron Lévyne Marcasite
Melilite Mica Nickeline None Not in a structural group Olivine Pentlandite Perovskite Pyrite Pyroxene
Rhodesite Rocksalt Sapphirine Spinel Spurrite-Afwillite Starkeyite Sulphur Thomsonite Titanite Tobermorite
Tridymite Wollastonite Wurtzite Wöhlerite

98 IMA Minerals at location:

Aegirine ()*	Aenigmatite ()*	Afwillite ()*	Åkermanite ()*	Alunite ()*
Analcime ()*	Andradite ()*	Anorthite ()*	Aragonite ()*	Arfvedsonite ()*
Augite ()*	Bafertisite ()*	Bario-olgite ()*	Bartonite ()*	Baryte ()*
Hartite ()*	Calcite ()*	Chabazite-Ca ()*	Chalcopyrite ()*	Chlorbartonite ()*
Chromite ()*	Cordierite ()*	Cubanite ()*	Cuspidine ()*	Delhayelite ()*
Diopside ()*	Djerfisherite ()*	Enstatite ()*	Esseneite ()*	Ettringite ()*
Ferrobustamite ()*	Fibroferrite ()*	Fluorapatite ()*	Fluorapophyllite-(K) ()*	Fluorite ()*
Fluorophlogopite ()*	Forsterite ()*	Galena ()*	Gehlenite ()*	Gismondine ()*
Goethite ()*	Götzenite ()*	Grossular ()*	Günterblassite ()*	Gypsum ()*
Hedenbergite ()*	Hillesheimite ()*	Hiortdahlite ()*	Hydrodelhayelite ()*	Hydroxyapophyllite-(K) ()*
Hydroxylapatite ()*	Ilmenite ()*	Indialite ()*	Iron ()*	Jarosite ()*
Jennite ()*	Kalsilite ()*	Khibinskite ()*	Kirschsteinite ()*	Leucite ()*
Lévyne-Ca ()*	Magnesioferrite ()*	Magnetite ()*	Marcasite ()*	Monticellite ()*
Nepheline ()*	Olgite ()*	Opal ()*	Panunzite ()*	Pentlandite ()*
Perovskite ()*	Phillipsite-Ca ()*	Phlogopite ()*	Portlandite ()*	Pseudowollastonite ()*
Pyrite ()*	Pyrrhotite ()*	Rankinite ()*	Rhodesite ()*	Rozenite ()*
Sanidine ()*	Schorlomite ()*	Schreibersite ()*	Spinel ()*	Strätlingite ()*
Sulphur ()*	Taenite ()*	Thaumasite ()*	Thomsonite-Ca ()*	Titanite ()*
Tobermorite ()*	Tridymite ()*	Troilite ()*	Umbrianite ()*	Vanadinite ()*
Vertumnite ()*	Willhendersonite ()*	Wollastonite ()*

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Aegirine ()*	Pyroxene	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆	0.265	0.265	1	73250	1022
Aenigmatite ()*	Sapphirine	Na₄[Fe²⁺₁₀Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]	0.265	0.265	1	73250	133
Afwillite ()*	Spurrite-Afwillite	Ca₃[SiO₄][SiO₂(OH)₂]·2H₂O			1	73240	41
Åkermanite ()*	Melilite	Ca₂MgSi₂O₇	0.265	0.265	2	73240,73250	50
Alunite ()*	None	KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	3.82	3.58	1	73238	966
Analcime ()*	Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆)·H₂O	0.246	0.246	2	73245,73248	1627
Andradite ()*	Garnet	Ca₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃			1	73240	1534
Anorthite ()*	Feldspar	Ca(Al₂Si₂O₈)			1	73240	1036
Aragonite ()*	Aragonite	Ca(CO₃)	0.265	0.265	2	73240,73250	3250
Arfvedsonite ()*	Amphibole	NaNa₂(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	0.265	0.265	1	73250	295
Augite ()*	Pyroxene	(Ca,Mg,Fe)₂Si₂O₆	0.265	0.265	1	73250	2060
Bafertisite ()*	None	Ba₂Fe²⁺₄Ti₂(Si₂O₇)₂O₂(OH)₂F₂	0.265	0.265	1	73250	16
Bario-olgite ()*	Aphthitalite	Na(Na,Sr,Ce)₂Ba(PO₄)₂	0.265	0.265	1	73250	2
Bartonite ()*	Djerfisherite	K₆Fe₂₀S₂₆S	0.265	0.265	1	73250	5
Baryte ()*	Baryte	Ba(SO₄)	3.82	3.58	2	73238,73240	11547
Hartite ()*	None	C₂₀H₃₄			1	73251	14
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)	3.82	0.246	8	73231,73232,73237,73238,73240,73244,73248,73250	27770
Chabazite-Ca ()*	Chabazite	Ca₂[Al₄Si₈O₂₄]·13H₂O	0.265	0.265	2	73240,73250	310
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂	0.265	0.265	2	73240,73250	27198
Chlorbartonite ()*	Djerfisherite	K₆Fe₂₄S₂₆Cl	0.265	0.265	1	73250	7
Chromite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Cr₂O₄			1	73226	3902
Cordierite ()*	Beryl	Mg₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈			1	73240	1008
Cubanite ()*	Cubanite Wurtzite	CuFe₂S₃	0.265	0.265	1	73250	802
Cuspidine ()*	Wöhlerite	Ca₈(Si₂O₇)₂F₄	0.265	0.265	2	73240,73250	67
Delhayelite ()*	Rhodesite	K₇Na₃Ca₅Al₂Si₁₄O₃₈F₄Cl₂	0.265	0.265	1	73250	9
Diopside ()*	Pyroxene	CaMgSi₂O₆	0.265	0.246	4	73240,73245,73248,73250	4135
Djerfisherite ()*	Djerfisherite	K₆(Fe,Cu,Ni)₂₅S₂₆Cl	0.265	0.265	1	73250	60
Enstatite ()*	Pyroxene	Mg₂Si₂O₆			1	73226	944
Esseneite ()*	Pyroxene	CaFe³⁺AlSiO₆			1	73240	17
Ettringite ()*	Ettringite	Ca₆Al₂(SO₄)₃(OH)₁₂·27H₂O			1	73240	93
Ferrobustamite ()*	Wollastonite	CaFe²⁺Si₂O₆			1	73240	22
Fibroferrite ()*	Not in a structural group	Fe³⁺(SO₄)(OH)·5H₂O			1	73231	107
Fluorapatite ()*	Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F	3.82	0.265	5	73237,73238,73240,73245,73250	2740
Fluorapophyllite-(K) ()*	Apophyllite	KCa₄Si₈O₂₀F·8H₂O	0.265	0.265	2	73240,73250	303
Fluorite ()*	Fluorite	CaF₂	0.265	0.265	2	73237,73250	9617
Fluorophlogopite ()*	Mica	KMg₃(Si₃Al)O₁₀F₂	0.265	0.265	1	73250	47
Forsterite ()*	Olivine	Mg₂(SiO₄)	0.265	0.246	3	73226,73248,73250	1188
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS	0.265	0.265	1	73250	24243
Gehlenite ()*	Melilite	Ca₂Al(SiAl)O₇			1	73240	114
Gismondine ()*	Gismondine	Ca₂(Si₄Al₄)O₁₆·8H₂O	0.265	0.265	2	73240,73250	128
Goethite ()*	Diaspore	FeO(OH)			1	73231	7437
Götzenite ()*	None	Ca₄NaCa₂Ti(Si₂O₇)₂(OF)F₂	0.265	0.265	2	73240,73250	27
Grossular ()*	Garnet	Ca₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃			1	73240	1544
Günterblassite ()*	Günterblassite	(K,Ca,Ba,Na, )₃Fe[(Si,Al)₁₃O₂₅(OH,O)₄]·7H₂O	0.265	0.265	1	73250	4
Gypsum ()*	Gypsum	Ca(SO₄)·2H₂O	3.82	3.58	6	73231,73237,73238,73240,73244,73247	6890
Hedenbergite ()*	Pyroxene	CaFe²⁺Si₂O₆			1	73240	741
Hillesheimite ()*	Günterblassite	(K,Ca,Ba, )₂(Mg,Fe,Ca, )₂[(Si,Al)₁₃O₂₃(OH)₆](OH)·8H₂O	0.265	0.265	1	73250	2
Hiortdahlite ()*	Wöhlerite	Na₂Ca₄(Ca_0.5Zr_0.5)Zr(Si₂O₇)₂OF₃	0.265	0.265	1	73250	21
Hydrodelhayelite ()*	None	KCa₂(Si₇Al)O₁₇(OH)₂·6H₂O	0.265	0.265	1	73250	4
Hydroxyapophyllite-(K) ()*	Apophyllite	KCa₄Si₈O₂₀(OH,F)·8H₂O	0.265	0.265	2	73240,73250	85
Hydroxylapatite ()*	Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃OH	0.246	0.246	1	73248	367
Ilmenite ()*	Corundum	Fe²⁺Ti⁴⁺O₃	0.265	0.265	1	73250	5433
Indialite ()*	Beryl	Mg₂Al₃(AlSi₅)O₁₈			1	73240	24
Iron ()*	Iron	Fe			2	73226,73228	1089
Jarosite ()*	Alunite	KFe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	3.82	3.58	2	73237,73238	2228
Jennite ()*	None	Ca₉(Si₃O₉)₂(OH)₆·8H₂O			1	73240	18
Kalsilite ()*	None	KAlSiO₄	0.265	0.265	2	73240,73250	49
Khibinskite ()*	None	K₂ZrSi₂O₇	0.265	0.265	2	73240,73250	6
Kirschsteinite ()*	Olivine	CaFe²⁺(SiO₄)	0.265	0.265	1	73250	33
Leucite ()*	Analcime	K(AlSi₂O₆)	0.265	0.246	4	73240,73245,73248,73250	233
Lévyne-Ca ()*	Lévyne	Ca₃(Si₁₂Al₆)O₃₆·18H₂O			1	73240	42
Magnesioferrite ()*	Spinel	MgFe³⁺₂O₄	0.265	0.265	2	73240,73250	98
Magnetite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	0.265	0.246	4	73240,73245,73248,73250	14899
Marcasite ()*	Marcasite	FeS₂			1	73231	5674
Monticellite ()*	Olivine	CaMg(SiO₄)	0.265	0.246	2	73248,73250	153
Nepheline ()*	Tridymite	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)	0.265	0.265	1	73250	884
Olgite ()*	Aphthitalite	(Ba,Sr)(Na,Sr,REE)₂Na(PO₄)₂	0.265	0.265	1	73250	4
Opal ()*	Amorphous	SiO₂·nH₂O	0.265	0.265	2	73240,73250	2994
Panunzite ()*	None	K₃Na(AlSiO₄)₄	0.265	0.265	1	73250	2
Pentlandite ()*	Pentlandite	(Ni,Fe)₉S₈	0.265	0.265	2	73240,73250	1512
Perovskite ()*	Perovskite	CaTiO₃	0.265	0.246	3	73240,73248,73250	495
Phillipsite-Ca ()*	Harmotome	Ca₃(Si₁₀Al₆)O₃₂·12H₂O	0.265	0.265	2	73240,73250	75
Phlogopite ()*	Mica Clay	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂	0.246	0.246	2	73245,73248	2273
Portlandite ()*	Brucite	Ca(OH)₂			1	73240	51
Pseudowollastonite ()*	None	CaSiO₃			1	73240	7
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂			3	73231,73232,73245	39462
Pyrrhotite ()*	Nickeline	Fe₇S₈	0.265	0.265	2	73240,73250	9056
Rankinite ()*	None	Ca₃Si₂O₇			1	73240	25
Rhodesite ()*	Rhodesite	KHCa₂Si₈O₁₉·5H₂O	0.265	0.265	1	73250	11
Rozenite ()*	Starkeyite	Fe²⁺(SO₄)·4H₂O			1	73237	293
Sanidine ()*	Feldspar	K(AlSi₃O₈)	0.246	0.246	3	73240,73245,73248	598
Schorlomite ()*	Garnet	Ca₃Ti₂(SiFe³⁺₂)O₁₂	0.246	0.246	2	73240,73248	54
Schreibersite ()*	None	(Fe,Ni)₃P			1	73228	374
Spinel ()*	Spinel	MgAl₂O₄	0.265	0.246	2	73248,73250	1934
Strätlingite ()*	None	Ca₂Al(Si,Al)₂O₂(OH)₁₀·2.25H₂O			1	73240	11
Sulphur ()*	Sulphur	S			2	73231,73237	2045
Taenite ()*	None	(Ni,Fe)			2	73226,73228	703
Thaumasite ()*	Ettringite	Ca₃Si(OH)₆(CO₃)(SO₄)·12H₂O	0.265	0.265	2	73240,73250	183
Thomsonite-Ca ()*	Thomsonite	NaCa₂(Al₅Si₅)O₂₀·6H₂O	0.265	0.265	1	73250	452
Titanite ()*	Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O	0.246	0.246	2	73240,73248	4899
Tobermorite ()*	Tobermorite	Ca₄Si₆O₁₇(H₂O)₂·(Ca·3H₂O)			1	73240	114
Tridymite ()*	Tridymite	SiO₂			1	73240	458
Troilite ()*	None	FeS			1	73226	1044
Umbrianite ()*	Not in a structural group	K₇Na₂Ca₂[Al₃Si₁₀O₂₉]F₂Cl₂	0.265	0.265	1	73250	2
Vanadinite ()*	Apatite	Pb₅(VO₄)₃Cl	0.265	0.265	1	73250	605
Vertumnite ()*	None	Ca₄Al₄Si₄O₆(OH)₂₄·3H₂O			1	73240	8
Willhendersonite ()*	Chabazite	KCa(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂·5H₂O	0.265	0.265	2	73240,73250	12
Wollastonite ()*	Wollastonite	CaSiO₃			1	73240	1247

Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:

Age ID	Locality Notes
Jen_0000563	MAGMATIC STYLE: Two small tuffisite-filled diatremes, the larger of which is about 40 m in diameter. Carbonatite occurs as blocks. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Leucite-bearing phonolitic pyroclastic rocks occur some 200 m away, fragments of which occur in the larger Polino diatreme.
Jen_0000564	MAGMATIC STYLE: A small cone, two maars and a tuff ring ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Crystal and lapilli tuffs of phonolitic and melilitic composions and containing leucite. Lava flows consist of kamafugite (kalsilite-phlogopite-olivine-leucite melilitite).
Michelle_0084	Trachyte

3 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Sample Source	Dated Mineral	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
Michelle_0084	3.82	3.58	3.7±0.12	K-Ar	Age of trachyte	biotite		263897	Monte Cucco Cave ("La Grotta" Cave), Monte Cucco, Sigillo, Perugia Province, Umbria, Italy	Monte Cucco	Fornaseri (1985)		RDSIMF40_73	Age of trachyte
Jen_0000563	0.246	0.246	0.246	Ar-Ar		phlogopite	Phlogopite	68279	Polino, Terni Province, Umbria, Italy	Polino	Woolley and Kjarsgaard (2008)	10.4095/225115	GSCOF5796
Jen_0000564	0.265	0.265	0.265	Ar-Ar				279777	San Venanzo, Terni Province, Umbria, Italy	San Venanzo	Woolley and Kjarsgaard (2008)	10.4095/225115	GSCOF5796

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL
R060030	San Venanzo, Terni Province, Umbria, Italy	https://rruff.info/R060030
R060508	San Venanzo, Terni Province, Umbria, Italy	https://rruff.info/R060508

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...