Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Benxi, Liaoning, China

Oldest recorded age at locality: 2601
Youngest recorded age at locality: 90

mindat Locality ID: 700
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-700.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Benxi, Liaoning, China": 19
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 14

Number of Child Localities: 5
Child Localities:
Benxi Co.
Huanren Co.
Nanfen District
Pingshan District
Xihu District

Latitude: 41°12'54"N
Longitude: 124°4'58"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 41.215,124.08277777778

AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al As Au Ba C Ca Cu F Fe H K Mg Mo Na O P Pb S Si Sn U Zn Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AmphiboleArsenopyriteAutuniteCalciteChalcopyriteClayClinozoisiteCopperCorundumEpidote
FeldsparFluoriteGarnetKaoliniteMalachiteMicaMolybdeniteNickelineNoneNot in a structural group
PyritePyroxeneQuartzRocksaltRutileSphaleriteSpinelStauroliteTalcZircon

45 IMA Minerals at location:
Actinolite  (*)Albite  (*)Andradite  (*)Anhydrite  (*)Arsenopyrite  (*)
Autunite  (*)Billietite  (*)Calcite  (*)Cassiterite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)
Coffinite  (*)Cummingtonite  (*)Diopside  (*)Dolomite  (*)Epidote  (*)
Ferri-winchite  (*)Fluorite  (*)Galena  (*)Gold  (*)Graphite  (*)
Hematite  (*)Kaolinite  (*)Kasolite  (*)Kyanite  (*)Magnetite  (*)
Malachite  (*)Microcline  (*)Molybdenite  (*)Muscovite  (*)Nacrite  (*)
Orthoclase  (*)Uranophane-β  (*)Phlogopite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)
Quartz  (*)Siderite  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Staurolite  (*)Talc  (*)
Torbernite  (*)Tremolite  (*)Uraninite  (*)Uranophane-α  (*)Zircon  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2260190441910,41916,41917,419223419
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)260190541905,41906,41907,41911,419168803
Andradite  (*)GarnetCa3Fe3+2(SiO4)31241241419101534
Anhydrite  (*)Not in a structural groupCa(SO4)1419061588
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS1241241419109052
Autunite  (*)AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2·10-12H2O2601901419161272
Billietite  (*)NoneBa(UO2)6O4(OH)6·8H2O26019014191638
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)124124541909,41910,41911,41912,4191727770
Cassiterite  (*)RutileSnO21419075171
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS2260190741905,41906,41907,41909,41910,41911,4191627198
Coffinite  (*)ZirconU(SiO4)·nH2O260190141916566
Cummingtonite  (*)Amphibole   Mg2Mg5Si8O22(OH)2141922327
Diopside  (*)PyroxeneCaMgSi2O6124124241909,419104135
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)2124124341910,41917,419229895
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)124124541907,41909,41910,41911,419128173
Ferri-winchite  (*)Amphibole   (NaCa)(Mg4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)214192216
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF22601901419169617
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS260190641907,41909,41910,41911,41912,4191624243
Gold  (*)CopperAu26019014191630554
Graphite  (*)NoneC260190241907,419162812
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O3124124741910,41911,41914,41917,41918,41920,4192214640
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)41419075591
Kasolite  (*)NonePb(UO2)(SiO4)·H2O260190141916198
Kyanite  (*)Not in a structural groupAl2OSiO42601901419161507
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O41241241141905,41906,41907,41909,41910,41911,41914,41917,41918,41920,4192214899
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)214191112537
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)1419074924
Molybdenite  (*)MolybdeniteMoS2260190341907,41911,419165800
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)2260190741905,41906,41907,41911,41912,41916,4191717380
Nacrite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)4141904112
Orthoclase  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)1419072349
Uranophane-β  (*)NoneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2·5H2O260190141916144
Phlogopite  (*)Mica ClayKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2241905,419062273
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS22601901141905,41906,41907,41909,41910,41911,41912,41915,41916,41917,4192239462
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S8260190441905,41906,41910,419169056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO22601901141905,41906,41907,41909,41910,41911,41912,41916,41917,41918,4192261156
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)1419176417
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS260190641906,41909,41910,41911,41912,4191621482
Staurolite  (*)StauroliteFe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH)260190141916978
Talc  (*)Clay TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)21419173337
Torbernite  (*)NoneCu(UO2)2(PO4)2·12H2O2601901419161059
Tremolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg5.0-4.5Fe2+0.0-0.5)Si8O22(OH)2260190341916,41917,419222562
Uraninite  (*)FluoriteUO22601901419162718
Uranophane-α  (*)NoneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2·5H2O260190141916890
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)1419175251



Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:
Age IDLocality Notes
Giersdorf_00001007The deposits occur in a transitional zone lying between an Archaean craton and Lower Proterozoic miogeosynclinal sequences.
Giersdorf_00001008The deposits occur in a transitional zone lying between an Archaean craton and Lower Proterozoic miogeosynclinal sequences.
Giersdorf_00001009The deposits occur in a transitional zone lying between an Archaean craton and Lower Proterozoic miogeosynclinal sequences.
Giersdorf_00001010The deposits occur in a transitional zone lying between an Archaean craton and Lower Proterozoic miogeosynclinal sequences.
Giersdorf_00001011The deposits occur in a transitional zone lying between an Archaean craton and Lower Proterozoic miogeosynclinal sequences.
Giersdorf_00001012The deposits occur in a transitional zone lying between an Archaean craton and Lower Proterozoic miogeosynclinal sequences.
Giersdorf_00001013The deposits occur in a transitional zone lying between an Archaean craton and Lower Proterozoic miogeosynclinal sequences.


8 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
sedznpb-00165124124124        143441Huanren Pb-Zn Deposit, Huanren Co., Benxi, Liaoning, ChinaHuanrenSinger et al. (2009) USGSOFR2009-1252 
Giersdorf_00001007224319922114+129/-122U-PbAge of metamorphosed sedimentary U mineralization.      143579Lianshanguan Mine (Benxi Mine; U Deposit No. 3075), Nanfen District, Benxi, Liaoning, ChinaLianshanguan Uranium DepositZhong & Guo (1988)10.1016/0301-9268(88)90050-2PR39_51 
Giersdorf_00001008197018201891+79/-71U-PbAge of alkalic metasomatic stage of U mineralization      143579Lianshanguan Mine (Benxi Mine; U Deposit No. 3075), Nanfen District, Benxi, Liaoning, ChinaLianshanguan Uranium DepositZhong & Guo (1988)10.1016/0301-9268(88)90050-2PR39_51 
Giersdorf_00001009186217991829+33/-30U-PbAge of hydrothermal filling stage of U mineralization.      143579Lianshanguan Mine (Benxi Mine; U Deposit No. 3075), Nanfen District, Benxi, Liaoning, ChinaLianshanguan Uranium DepositZhong & Guo (1988)10.1016/0301-9268(88)90050-2PR39_51 
Giersdorf_0000101022090220-90 Age of tectonic overprinting of the U deposit      143579Lianshanguan Mine (Benxi Mine; U Deposit No. 3075), Nanfen District, Benxi, Liaoning, ChinaLianshanguan Uranium DepositZhong & Guo (1988)10.1016/0301-9268(88)90050-2PR39_51 
Giersdorf_00001011260124402601-2440U-PbAge of granitic basement rock    Zircon 143579Lianshanguan Mine (Benxi Mine; U Deposit No. 3075), Nanfen District, Benxi, Liaoning, ChinaLianshanguan Uranium DepositZhong & Guo (1988)10.1016/0301-9268(88)90050-2PR39_51 
Giersdorf_00001012218521852185Pb-PbAge of sedimentation for altered metasediment      143579Lianshanguan Mine (Benxi Mine; U Deposit No. 3075), Nanfen District, Benxi, Liaoning, ChinaLianshanguan Uranium DepositZhong & Guo (1988)10.1016/0301-9268(88)90050-2PR39_51 
Giersdorf_00001013190018001900-1800 Age of tectonic event which ceased buildup of sediment      143579Lianshanguan Mine (Benxi Mine; U Deposit No. 3075), Nanfen District, Benxi, Liaoning, ChinaLianshanguan Uranium DepositZhong & Guo (1988)10.1016/0301-9268(88)90050-2PR39_51 


SampleSource LocalityReference URL


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