,32.2531,-110.948 R090057 - RRUFF Database: Raman, X-ray, Infrared, and Chemistry

Braunite R090057

Name: Braunite
RRUFF ID: R090057
Ideal Chemistry: Mn²⁺Mn³⁺₆O₈(SiO₄)
Locality: N'Chwaning III Mine, N'Chwaning Mines, Kalahari manganese field, Northern Cape Province, South Africa
Source: Marshall Sussman
Owner: RRUFF
Description: Blocky lustrous black crystals on fine-grained matrix of the same material. Note that this is braunite II, as defined in de Villiers (1980)
Status: The identification of this mineral has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction.

Mineral Group: [ Braunite (5) ]

Quick search: [ All Braunite samples (4) ]

RAMAN SPECTRUM

RRUFF ID:

Sample Description:

Unoriented Raman on the primary sample

DOWNLOADS:

To download sample data,
please select a specific
orientation angle.

BROAD SCAN WITH SPECTRAL ARTIFACTS

RRUFF ID:

R090057

Wavelength:

Sample Description:

Unoriented Raman on the primary sample

Instrument settings:

Thermo Almega XR 532nm @ 100% of 150mW

DOWNLOADS:

	Raman Data (Processed)
	RRUFF File
	Raman Data (RAW)
	RRUFF File

POWDER DIFFRACTION

RRUFF ID:

R090057.1

Sample Description:

Powder

Cell Refinement Output:

a: 9.431(1)Å b: 9.431(1)Å c: 37.80(1)Å
alpha: 90° beta: 90° gamma: 90° Volume: 3361.9(8)Å³ Crystal System: tetragonal

File Type Information

Calculated diffraction file.

File Type Information

Output file from the Bruker D8 Advance instrument. Includes device headers and XY data.

File Type Information

Output file from the Bruker D8 Advance instrument. Includes device headers and XY data.

DOWNLOADS:

	Cell Refinement Data
	Cell Refinement Output Data
	DIF File
	X-ray Data (XY - Processed)
	RRUFF File
	X-ray Data (XY - RAW)
	RRUFF File

REFERENCES for Braunite
American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Record: [view record]
Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]
Haidinger W (1826) On the crystalline forms and properties of the manganese ores, The Edinburgh Journal of Science, 4, 41-50 [view file]
Haidinger W (1828) Mineralogische Beschreibung der Manganerze IV. Brachytypes Manganerz, Braunit, Annalen der Physik und Chemie, 14, 197-211 [view file]
Turner E (1828) Chemical examination of the oxides of manganese. Part II. On the composition of the ores of manganese described by Mr. Haidinger, The Philosophical Magazine, 4, 96-104 [view file]
Aminoff G (1931) Lattice dimensions and space-group of braunite, Kunglig Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, 9, 14-22 [view file]
Abs-Wurmbach I, Langer K (1975) Synthetic Mn³⁺ kyanite and viridine, Al_2-xMn³⁺_x) SiO₅, in the system Al₂O₃--MnO--MnO₂--SiO₂, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 49, 21-38
Moore P B, Araki T (1976) Braunite: its structure and relationship to bixbyite, and some insights on the genealogy of fluorite derivative structures, American Mineralogist, 61, 1226-1240 [view file]
de Villiers J P R (1980) The crystal structure of braunite II and its relation to bixbyite and braunite, American Mineralogist, 65, 756-765 [view file]
Bhattacharyya P K, Dasgupta S, Fukuoka M, Roy S (1984) Geochemistry of braunite and associated phases in metamorphosed non-calcareous manganese ores of India, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 87, 65-71
Robie R A, Huebner J S, Hemingway B S (1995) Heat capacities and thermodynamic properties of braunite (Mn₇SiO₁₂) and rhodonite (MnSiO₃), American Mineralogist, 80, 560-575 [view file]
Marescotti P, Frezzotti M L (2000) Alteration of braunite ores from Eastern Ligeria (Italy) during syntectonic veining processes: mineralogy and fluid inclusions, European Journal of Mineralogy, 12, 341-356
Bevan D J M, Martin R L (2008) The role of the coordination defect: A new structural description of four fluorite-related sesquioxide minerals, bixbyite (Mn₂O₃), braunite (Mn₇SiO₁₂), braunite II (CaMn₁₄SiO₂₄), parwelite (Mn₁₀Sb₂As₂Si₂O₂₄), and their structural relationships, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 181, 2250-2259

REFERENCES for Braunite

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Record: [view record]

Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]

Haidinger W (1826) On the crystalline forms and properties of the manganese ores, The Edinburgh Journal of Science, 4, 41-50 [view file]

Haidinger W (1828) Mineralogische Beschreibung der Manganerze IV. Brachytypes Manganerz, Braunit, Annalen der Physik und Chemie, 14, 197-211 [view file]

Turner E (1828) Chemical examination of the oxides of manganese. Part II. On the composition of the ores of manganese described by Mr. Haidinger, The Philosophical Magazine, 4, 96-104 [view file]

Aminoff G (1931) Lattice dimensions and space-group of braunite, Kunglig Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, 9, 14-22 [view file]

Abs-Wurmbach I, Langer K (1975) Synthetic Mn³⁺ kyanite and viridine, Al_2-xMn³⁺_x) SiO₅, in the system Al₂O₃--MnO--MnO₂--SiO₂, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 49, 21-38

Moore P B, Araki T (1976) Braunite: its structure and relationship to bixbyite, and some insights on the genealogy of fluorite derivative structures, American Mineralogist, 61, 1226-1240 [view file]

de Villiers J P R (1980) The crystal structure of braunite II and its relation to bixbyite and braunite, American Mineralogist, 65, 756-765 [view file]

Bhattacharyya P K, Dasgupta S, Fukuoka M, Roy S (1984) Geochemistry of braunite and associated phases in metamorphosed non-calcareous manganese ores of India, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 87, 65-71

Robie R A, Huebner J S, Hemingway B S (1995) Heat capacities and thermodynamic properties of braunite (Mn₇SiO₁₂) and rhodonite (MnSiO₃), American Mineralogist, 80, 560-575 [view file]

Marescotti P, Frezzotti M L (2000) Alteration of braunite ores from Eastern Ligeria (Italy) during syntectonic veining processes: mineralogy and fluid inclusions, European Journal of Mineralogy, 12, 341-356

Bevan D J M, Martin R L (2008) The role of the coordination defect: A new structural description of four fluorite-related sesquioxide minerals, bixbyite (Mn₂O₃), braunite (Mn₇SiO₁₂), braunite II (CaMn₁₄SiO₂₄), parwelite (Mn₁₀Sb₂As₂Si₂O₂₄), and their structural relationships, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 181, 2250-2259