Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

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The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

Locality Name:
Almadén District, Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha, Spain

Oldest recorded age at locality: 429.7
Youngest recorded age at locality: 358.2

mindat Locality ID: 133593
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-133593.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Almadén District, Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha, Spain": 16
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 13

Number of Child Localities: 2
Child Localities:
Almadén
Almadenejos

Latitude: 45°9'44"N
Longitude: 3°37'35"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 45.162222222222,-3.6263888888889

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Alunite	Amphibole	Analcime	Apatite	Aragonite	Baryte	Bournonite	Calcite	Chalcopyrite	Clay
Clinozoisite	Corrensite	Corundum	Diaspore	Epidote	Feldspar	Gypsum	Kaolinite	Malachite	Marcasite
Mica	Millerite	Nickeline	None	Prehnite	Pyrite	Pyrophyllite	Pyroxene	Quartz	Rocksalt
Sphalerite	Spinel	Tetrahedrite	Titanite	Wurtzite	Zircon

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al Ba C Ca Cd Cl Co Cu Fe H Hg K Mg N Na Ni O P Pb S Sb Si Ti Zn Zr

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al Ca Fe H Mg Na O Si Ti

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Alunite Amphibole Analcime Apatite Aragonite Baryte Bournonite Calcite Chalcopyrite Clay
Clinozoisite Corrensite Corundum Diaspore Epidote Feldspar Gypsum Kaolinite Malachite Marcasite
Mica Millerite Nickeline None Prehnite Pyrite Pyrophyllite Pyroxene Quartz Rocksalt
Sphalerite Spinel Tetrahedrite Titanite Wurtzite Zircon

57 IMA Minerals at location:

Actinolite ()*	Albite ()*	Analcime ()*	Ankerite ()*	Aragonite ()*
Augite ()*	Baryte ()*	Bournonite ()*	Calcite ()*	Calomel ()*
Cerussite ()*	Chalcopyrite ()*	Cinnabar ()*	Dickite ()*	Diopside ()*
Dolomite ()*	Donharrisite ()*	Eglestonite ()*	Epidote ()*	Galena ()*
Gianellaite ()*	Goethite ()*	Gortdrumite ()*	Graphite ()*	Greenockite ()*
Gypsum ()*	Hydroniumjarosite ()*	Ilmenite ()*	Jarosite ()*	Kaersutite ()*
Kaolinite ()*	Magnesite ()*	Malachite ()*	Marcasite ()*	Mercury ()*
Metacinnabar ()*	Millerite ()*	Montroydite ()*	Muscovite ()*	Natrojarosite ()*
Prehnite ()*	Pyrite ()*	Pyromorphite ()*	Pyrophyllite ()*	Pyrrhotite ()*
Quartz ()*	Rectorite ()*	Schuetteite ()*	Siderite ()*	Siegenite ()*
Sphalerite ()*	Spinel ()*	Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*	Titanite ()*	Uricite ()*
Wurtzite ()*	Zircon ()*

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite ()*	Amphibole	Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe²⁺_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	429.7	358.2	0		3419
Albite ()*	Feldspar	Na(AlSi₃O₈)	364	362.4	1	109432	8803
Analcime ()*	Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆)·H₂O	429.7	358.2	0		1627
Ankerite ()*	None	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂	429.7	358.2	4	109427,109432,109436,109440	3092
Aragonite ()*	Aragonite	Ca(CO₃)	363.1	358.2	1	109436	3250
Augite ()*	Pyroxene	(Ca,Mg,Fe)₂Si₂O₆	429.7	358.2	0		2060
Baryte ()*	Baryte	Ba(SO₄)	429.7	358.2	4	109427,109432,109433,109436	11547
Bournonite ()*	Bournonite	CuPbSbS₃			1	109440	1089
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)	429.7	358.2	4	109427,109432,109433,109436	27770
Calomel ()*	None	HgCl	429.7	358.2	3	109427,109433,109436	91
Cerussite ()*	Aragonite	Pb(CO₃)			1	109440	4979
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂	429.7	358.2	4	109427,109433,109436,109440	27198
Cinnabar ()*	None	HgS	429.7	358.2	8	109427,109430,109431,109432,109433,109435,109436,109438	2600
Dickite ()*	Clay Kaolinite	Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄	429.7	358.2	2	109427,109433	651
Diopside ()*	Pyroxene	CaMgSi₂O₆	429.7	358.2	0		4135
Dolomite ()*	None	CaMg(CO₃)₂	429.7	358.2	4	109427,109432,109433,109436	9895
Donharrisite ()*	None	Ni₃HgS₃	363.1	358.2	1	109436	3
Eglestonite ()*	None	([Hg¹⁺]₂)₃OCl₃(OH)	363.1	358.2	1	109436	36
Epidote ()*	Epidote Clinozoisite	Ca₂(Al₂Fe³⁺)[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)	429.7	358.2	0		8173
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS	429.7	358.2	4	109427,109433,109436,109440	24243
Gianellaite ()*	None	(Hg₂N)₂(SO₄)(H₂O)_x	429.7	361.3	1	109427	3
Goethite ()*	Diaspore	FeO(OH)	429.7	358.2	2	109427,109436	7437
Gortdrumite ()*	None	Cu₂₄Fe₂Hg₉S₂₃	363.1	358.2	1	109436	5
Graphite ()*	None	C	429.7	358.2	3	109427,109433,109436	2812
Greenockite ()*	Wurtzite	CdS	429.7	358.2	2	109427,109433	717
Gypsum ()*	Gypsum	Ca(SO₄)·2H₂O	429.7	358.2	3	109427,109433,109436	6890
Hydroniumjarosite ()*	Alunite	(H₃O)Fe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	363.1	358.2	1	109436	65
Ilmenite ()*	Corundum	Fe²⁺Ti⁴⁺O₃	429.7	358.2	2	109427,109433	5433
Jarosite ()*	Alunite	KFe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	429.7	358.2	2	109433,109436	2228
Kaersutite ()*	Amphibole	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂	429.7	358.2	0		179
Kaolinite ()*	Clay Kaolinite	Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄	429.7	358.2	3	109427,109432,109433	5591
Magnesite ()*	Calcite	Mg(CO₃)	364	362.4	1	109432	1487
Malachite ()*	Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂	363.1	358.2	1	109436	12537
Marcasite ()*	Marcasite	FeS₂	429.7	358.2	3	109427,109433,109436	5674
Mercury ()*	None	Hg	429.7	358.2	5	109427,109432,109433,109436,109438	397
Metacinnabar ()*	Sphalerite	HgS	429.7	358.2	4	109427,109432,109433,109436	255
Millerite ()*	Millerite	NiS	429.7	358.2	3	109427,109433,109436	1066
Montroydite ()*	None	HgO	363.1	358.2	1	109436	29
Muscovite ()*	Mica Clay	KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂	429.7	358.2	5	109427,109432,109433,109436,109438	17380
Natrojarosite ()*	Alunite	NaFe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	363.1	358.2	1	109436	254
Prehnite ()*	Prehnite	Ca₂Al(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂	429.7	358.2	0		1898
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	429.7	358.2	5	109427,109432,109433,109436,109440	39462
Pyromorphite ()*	Apatite	Pb₅(PO₄)₃Cl			1	109440	1725
Pyrophyllite ()*	Clay Pyrophyllite	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂	364	362.4	1	109432	771
Pyrrhotite ()*	Nickeline	Fe₇S₈	429.7	358.2	2	109427,109433	9056
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	429.7	358.2	5	109427,109432,109433,109436,109440	61156
Rectorite ()*	Corrensite Clay	(Na,Ca)Al₄(Si,Al)₈O₂₀(OH)₄·2H₂O	364	362.4	1	109432	49
Schuetteite ()*	None	Hg₃O₂(SO₄)	0	0	4	109427,109432,109433,109436	21
Siderite ()*	Calcite	Fe(CO₃)	429.7	358.2	3	109427,109432,109436	6417
Siegenite ()*	Spinel	CoNi₂S₄	363.1	358.2	1	109436	249
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS	429.7	358.2	5	109427,109432,109433,109436,109440	21482
Spinel ()*	Spinel	MgAl₂O₄	363.1	358.2	1	109436	1934
Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*	Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄Zn₂)Sb₄S₁₃			1	109440	5317
Titanite ()*	Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O	429.7	358.2	2	109427,109433	4899
Uricite ()*	None	C₅H₄N₄O₃	363.1	358.2	1	109436	13
Wurtzite ()*	Wurtzite	ZnS	363.1	358.2	1	109436	372
Zircon ()*	Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)	429.7	361.3	1	109427	5251

Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:

Age ID	Locality Notes
Hg-00028	Mercury mineralization at Almaden is hosted by Paleozoic sedimentary and mafic volcanic rocks that unconformably overlie Pre-Ordovician basement rock in the central part of the Iberian Peninsula

6 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Sample Source	Sample Num	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
Hg-00028	429.7	361.3		Ar-Ar				Calomel, Cinnabar, Mercury, Metacinnabar, Schuetteite	Hg	3115	Almadén Mine, Almadén, Almadén District, Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha, Spain		Hall et al. (1997)	10.1016/S0012-821X(97)00041-1	EPSL148_287	Lower Silurian was onset of mineralization, continuing mineralization until Upper Devonian. W/ 2 main episodes of mineralization "one in early Silurian time and another ending in early Carboniferous time. This suggests, in turn, that mercury was deposited both by the alkali basalt volcanic rocks and by later Hercynian metamorphism or magmatism. The early event remains poorly constrained, although it probably took place shortly after deposition of the ore-hosting Lower Silurian Criadero quartzite"
Hg-00028-Las-Cuevas	364	362.4	363.2 ± .8	Ar-Ar	minimum age of illite	illite	sc87/403		Hg	133000	Las Cuevas Mine, Almadén, Almadén District, Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha, Spain	Las Cuevas	Hall et al. (1997)	10.1016/S0012-821X(97)00041-1	EPSL148_287	Ar retention ages are equivelent to K-Ar ages, so, represent the minimum age of illite formation
Hg-00028-El Entredicho-01	360.8	360	360.4 ± .4	Ar-Ar	minimum age of illite	illite	ee4		Hg	130643	El Entredicho Mine, Almadenejos, Almadén District, Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha, Spain	El Entredicho	Hall et al. (1997)	10.1016/S0012-821X(97)00041-1	EPSL148_287	Ar retention ages are equivelent to K-Ar ages, so, represent the minimum age of illite formation
Hg-00028-El Entredicho-02	359	358.2	358.6 ±.4	Ar-Ar	minimum age of illite	illite	sme32/1		Hg	130643	El Entredicho Mine, Almadenejos, Almadén District, Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha, Spain	El Entredicho	Hall et al. (1997)	10.1016/S0012-821X(97)00041-1	EPSL148_287	Ar retention ages are equivelent to K-Ar ages, so, represent the minimum age of illite formation
Hg-00028-El Entredicho-03	363.1	361.5	362.3 ± .8	Ar-Ar	minimum age of illite	illite	sme32/2 < I um		Hg	130643	El Entredicho Mine, Almadenejos, Almadén District, Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha, Spain	El Entredicho	Hall et al. (1997)	10.1016/S0012-821X(97)00041-1	EPSL148_287	Ar retention ages are equivelent to K-Ar ages, so, represent the minimum age of illite formation
Hg-00028-El Entredicho-04	361.1	359.5	360.3 ±.8	Ar-Ar	minimum age of illite	illite	sme32/2 < 0.2 um		Hg	130643	El Entredicho Mine, Almadenejos, Almadén District, Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha, Spain	El Entredicho	Hall et al. (1997)	10.1016/S0012-821X(97)00041-1	EPSL148_287	Ar retention ages are equivelent to K-Ar ages, so, represent the minimum age of illite formation

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...