Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha, Spain

Oldest recorded age at locality: 429.7
Youngest recorded age at locality: 1.6

mindat Locality ID: 195471
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-195471.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha, Spain": 43
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 28

Number of Child Localities: 11
Child Localities:
Almadén District
Almuradiel
Cabezarrubias
Campo De Calatrava Volcanoes
Chillón
Hinojosas De Calatrava
Minas De Horcajo
Posadillas Volcano
Pozuelo
Puerto De Niefla
Villamayor De Calatrava

Latitude: 39°42'32"N
Longitude: 4°1'50"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 39.708888888889,-4.0305555555556

AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Ba C Ca Cd Cl Co Cu F Fe H Hg I K Li Mg Mn Mo N Na Ni O P Pb S Sb Si Sr Ti Zn Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AluniteAmorphousAmphiboleAnalcimeApatiteApophylliteAragoniteArsenopyriteBaryteBeraunite
BerthieriteBournoniteBruciteCalciteChabaziteChalcopyriteClayClinozoisiteCopperCoronadite
CorrensiteCorundumCovelliteDiasporeDufréniteEpidoteEttringiteFeldsparGismondineGypsum
HarmotomeHydrotalciteKaoliniteLinariteLévyneMalachiteMarcasiteMicaMilleriteNatrolite
NickelineNoneNot in a structural groupOlivinePerovskitePrehnitePyritePyrochlorePyrophyllitePyroxene
QuartzRocksaltRutileScheeliteSphaleriteSpinelStibniteTetrahedriteThomsoniteTitanite
TobermoriteTridymiteTurquoiseWurtziteZircon

113 IMA Minerals at location:
Actinolite  (*)Albite  (*)Amicite  (*)Analcime  (*)Anglesite  (*)
Ankerite  (*)Aragonite  (*)Arsenopyrite  (*)Augite  (*)Aurichalcite  (*)
Baryte  (*)Berthierite  (*)Bindheimite  (*)Birnessite  (*)Bornite  (*)
Boulangerite  (*)Bournonite  (*)Brucite  (*)Cacoxenite  (*)Calcite  (*)
Calomel  (*)Cerussite  (*)Chabazite-Ca  (*)Chalcocite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)
Chalcosiderite  (*)Cinnabar  (*)Copper  (*)Coronadite  (*)Covellite  (*)
Cryptomelane  (*)Cuprite  (*)Dickite  (*)Diopside  (*)Dolomite  (*)
Donharrisite  (*)Dufrénite  (*)Eglestonite  (*)Eleonorite  (*)Epidote  (*)
Ettringite  (*)Forsterite  (*)Freibergite  (*)Galena  (*)Gianellaite  (*)
Goethite  (*)Gonnardite  (*)Gortdrumite  (*)Graphite  (*)Greenockite  (*)
Gypsum  (*)Hematite  (*)Hemimorphite  (*)Hydroniumjarosite  (*)Hydrotalcite  (*)
Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)  (*)Hydroxylapatite  (*)Ilmenite  (*)Iodargyrite  (*)Jarosite  (*)
Kaersutite  (*)Kaolinite  (*)Kidwellite  (*)Kintoreite  (*)Leucite  (*)
Lévyne-Ca  (*)Linarite  (*)Lithiophorite  (*)Magnesite  (*)Magnetite  (*)
Malachite  (*)Marcasite  (*)Massicot  (*)Mercury  (*)Metacinnabar  (*)
Millerite  (*)Montroydite  (*)Muscovite  (*)Natrojarosite  (*)Natrolite  (*)
Nepheline  (*)Opal  (*)Perovskite  (*)Phillipsite-Ca  (*)Phillipsite-K  (*)
Plumbogummite  (*)Prehnite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Pyrolusite  (*)Pyromorphite  (*)
Pyrophyllite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)Quartz  (*)Rectorite  (*)Schuetteite  (*)
Siderite  (*)Siegenite  (*)Silver  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Spinel  (*)
Stibnite  (*)Strengite  (*)Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)Thaumasite  (*)Thomsonite-Ca  (*)
Titanite  (*)Tobermorite  (*)Todorokite  (*)Turquoise  (*)Uricite  (*)
Wulfenite  (*)Wurtzite  (*)Zircon  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2429.7358.211094253419
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)364362.411094328803
Amicite  (*)GismondineK2Na2(Al4Si4O16)·5H2O8.71.611094544
Analcime  (*)AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6)·H2O429.7358.211094251627
Anglesite  (*)BarytePb(SO4)2109446,1094602734
Ankerite  (*)NoneCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2429.7358.26109427,109432,109436,109440,109458,1094603092
Aragonite  (*)AragoniteCa(CO3)363.11.62109436,1094473250
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS11094609052
Augite  (*)Pyroxene(Ca,Mg,Fe)2Si2O6429.71.62109425,1094512060
Aurichalcite  (*)None(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)61109467919
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)429.71.68109427,109432,109433,109436,109445,109449,109451,10946011547
Berthierite  (*)BerthieriteFeSb2S41109443343
Bindheimite  (*)PyrochlorePb2Sb5+2O71109445450
Birnessite  (*)None(Na,Ca,K)0.6(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4·1.5H2O8.71.62109447,109463178
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS411094605516
Boulangerite  (*)NonePb5Sb4S111109458843
Bournonite  (*)BournoniteCuPbSbS32109440,1094561089
Brucite  (*)BruciteMg(OH)28.71.61109453462
Cacoxenite  (*)NoneFe3+24AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12·75H2O1109460280
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)429.71.67109427,109432,109433,109436,109447,109449,10945427770
Calomel  (*)NoneHgCl429.7358.23109427,109433,10943691
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)4109440,109445,109460,1094674979
Chabazite-Ca  (*)ChabaziteCa2[Al4Si8O24]·13H2O8.71.63109449,109451,109454310
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S11094605707
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS2429.7358.27109427,109433,109436,109440,109443,109460,10946727198
Chalcosiderite  (*)TurquoiseCuFe3+6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O110946077
Cinnabar  (*)NoneHgS429.7358.211109425,109427,109430,109431,109432,109433,109435,109436,109438,109445,1094672600
Copper  (*)CopperCu8.71.62109454,1094603846
Coronadite  (*)CoronaditePb(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O161109460227
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS11094604165
Cryptomelane  (*)CoronaditeK(Mn4+7Mn3+)O168.71.62109447,109463599
Cuprite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2O11094602970
Dickite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)4429.7358.22109427,109433651
Diopside  (*)PyroxeneCaMgSi2O6429.71.62109425,1094514135
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)2429.7358.24109427,109432,109433,1094369895
Donharrisite  (*)NoneNi3HgS3363.1358.211094363
Dufrénite  (*)DufréniteCa0.5Fe2+Fe3+5(PO4)4(OH)6·2H2O1109460139
Eglestonite  (*)None([Hg1+]2)3OCl3(OH)363.1358.2110943636
Eleonorite  (*)BerauniteFe3+6(PO4)4O(OH)4·6H2O110946051
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)429.7358.211094258173
Ettringite  (*)EttringiteCa6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12·27H2O8.71.62109447,10945193
Forsterite  (*)OlivineMg2(SiO4)8.71.611094511188
Freibergite  (*)TetrahedriteAg6[Cu4Fe2]Sb4S121109460663
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS429.7358.210109427,109433,109436,109440,109445,109446,109456,109458,109460,10946724243
Gianellaite  (*)None(Hg2N)2(SO4)(H2O)x429.7361.311094273
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)429.7358.25109427,109436,109445,109460,1094637437
Gonnardite  (*)Natrolite(Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10·3H2O8.71.64109447,109449,109453,109454167
Gortdrumite  (*)NoneCu24Fe2Hg9S23363.1358.211094365
Graphite  (*)NoneC429.7358.23109427,109433,1094362812
Greenockite  (*)WurtziteCdS429.7358.22109427,109433717
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O429.7358.23109427,109433,1094366890
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O3110946314640
Hemimorphite  (*)Not in a structural groupZn4(Si2O7)(OH)2·H2O11094451689
Hydroniumjarosite  (*)Alunite(H3O)Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6363.1358.2110943665
Hydrotalcite  (*)HydrotalciteMg6Al2CO3(OH)16(H2O)48.71.6110944987
Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)  (*)ApophylliteKCa4Si8O20(OH,F)·8H2O8.71.6110945485
Hydroxylapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3OH8.71.63109447,109451,109454367
Ilmenite  (*)CorundumFe2+Ti4+O3429.7358.22109427,1094335433
Iodargyrite  (*)WurtziteAgI1109460180
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6429.7358.22109433,1094362228
Kaersutite  (*)AmphiboleNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2429.7358.22109425,109461179
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)4429.7358.23109427,109432,1094335591
Kidwellite  (*)NoneNaFe3+9+x(PO4)6(OH)11·3H2O (x ≈ 0.33)110946053
Kintoreite  (*)AlunitePbFe3+3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6110946041
Leucite  (*)AnalcimeK(AlSi2O6)8.71.61109454233
Lévyne-Ca  (*)LévyneCa3(Si12Al6)O36·18H2O8.71.62109449,10945142
Linarite  (*)LinariteCuPb(SO4)(OH)22109460,109467987
Lithiophorite  (*)None(Al,Li)(Mn4+,Mn3+)O2(OH)28.71.62109447,109463210
Magnesite  (*)CalciteMg(CO3)364362.411094321487
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O48.71.63109447,109451,10945414899
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2363.1358.22109436,10946012537
Marcasite  (*)MarcasiteFeS2429.7358.25109427,109433,109436,109443,1094605674
Massicot  (*)NonePbO1109460202
Mercury  (*)NoneHg429.7358.25109427,109432,109433,109436,109438397
Metacinnabar  (*)SphaleriteHgS429.7358.24109427,109432,109433,109436255
Millerite  (*)MilleriteNiS429.7358.23109427,109433,1094361066
Montroydite  (*)NoneHgO363.1358.2110943629
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)2429.7358.26109425,109427,109432,109433,109436,10943817380
Natrojarosite  (*)AluniteNaFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6363.1358.21109436254
Natrolite  (*)NatroliteNa2(Si3Al2)O10·2H2O8.71.63109449,109451,1094541236
Nepheline  (*)TridymiteNa3K(Al4Si4O16)8.71.64109447,109449,109451,109454884
Opal  (*)AmorphousSiO2·nH2O8.71.62109447,1094512994
Perovskite  (*)PerovskiteCaTiO38.71.61109451495
Phillipsite-Ca  (*)HarmotomeCa3(Si10Al6)O32·12H2O8.71.64109447,109449,109451,10945475
Phillipsite-K  (*)HarmotomeK6(Si10Al6)O32·12H2O8.71.6110945471
Plumbogummite  (*)AlunitePbAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)61109460170
Prehnite  (*)PrehniteCa2Al(Si3Al)O10(OH)2429.7358.211094251898
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS2429.7358.28109427,109432,109433,109436,109440,109443,109445,10946039462
Pyrolusite  (*)RutileMnO211094643106
Pyromorphite  (*)ApatitePb5(PO4)3Cl4109440,109445,109460,1094671725
Pyrophyllite  (*)Clay PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2364362.41109432771
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S8429.7358.22109427,1094339056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO2429.7358.29109427,109432,109433,109436,109440,109443,109445,109458,10946061156
Rectorite  (*)Corrensite Clay(Na,Ca)Al4(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4·2H2O364362.4110943249
Schuetteite  (*)NoneHg3O2(SO4)004109427,109432,109433,10943621
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)429.7358.23109427,109432,1094366417
Siegenite  (*)SpinelCoNi2S4363.1358.21109436249
Silver  (*)CopperAg11094605186
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS429.7358.28109427,109432,109433,109436,109440,109443,109445,10945821482
Spinel  (*)SpinelMgAl2O4363.1358.22109425,1094361934
Stibnite  (*)StibniteSb2S311094433418
Strengite  (*)NoneFe3+(PO4)·2H2O1109460263
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S132109440,1094565317
Thaumasite  (*)EttringiteCa3Si(OH)6(CO3)(SO4)·12H2O8.71.64109447,109449,109451,109454183
Thomsonite-Ca  (*)ThomsoniteNaCa2(Al5Si5)O20·6H2O8.71.63109449,109451,109454452
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O429.7358.22109427,1094334899
Tobermorite  (*)TobermoriteCa4Si6O17(H2O)2·(Ca·3H2O)8.71.61109454114
Todorokite  (*)None(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12·3-4H2O8.71.62109447,109463433
Turquoise  (*)TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O1109460484
Uricite  (*)NoneC5H4N4O3363.1358.2110943613
Wulfenite  (*)ScheelitePbMoO411094451655
Wurtzite  (*)WurtziteZnS363.1358.21109436372
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)429.7361.311094275251



Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:
Age IDLocality Notes
Hg-00028Mercury mineralization at Almaden is hosted by Paleozoic sedimentary and mafic volcanic rocks that unconformably overlie Pre-Ordovician basement rock in the central part of the Iberian Peninsula
Jen_0000587MAGMATIC STYLE: Extrusive breccia and tuff ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Lavas and pyroclastic rocks of melilitite, nephelinite, leucitite and alkali olivine basalt; mantle xenoliths abundant.
Jen_0000588MAGMATIC STYLE: Extrusive breccia and tuff ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Lavas and pyroclastic rocks of melilitite, nephelinite, leucitite and alkali olivine basalt; mantle xenoliths abundant.
Jen_0000589MAGMATIC STYLE: Extrusive breccia and tuff ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Lavas and pyroclastic rocks of melilitite, nephelinite, leucitite and alkali olivine basalt; mantle xenoliths abundant.
Jen_0000590MAGMATIC STYLE: Extrusive breccia and tuff ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Lavas and pyroclastic rocks of melilitite, nephelinite, leucitite and alkali olivine basalt; mantle xenoliths abundant.


10 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Hg-00028429.7361.3 Ar-Ar     Calomel, Cinnabar, Mercury, Metacinnabar, SchuetteiteHg3115Almadén Mine, Almadén, Almadén District, Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha, Spain Hall et al. (1997)10.1016/S0012-821X(97)00041-1EPSL148_287Lower Silurian was onset of mineralization, continuing mineralization until Upper Devonian. W/ 2 main episodes of mineralization "one in early Silurian time and another ending in early Carboniferous time. This suggests, in turn, that mercury was deposited both by the alkali basalt volcanic rocks and by later Hercynian metamorphism or magmatism. The early event remains poorly constrained, although it probably took place shortly after deposition of the ore-hosting Lower Silurian Criadero quartzite"
Hg-00028-Las-Cuevas364362.4363.2 ± .8Ar-Arminimum age of illiteillitesc87/403   Hg133000Las Cuevas Mine, Almadén, Almadén District, Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha, SpainLas CuevasHall et al. (1997)10.1016/S0012-821X(97)00041-1EPSL148_287Ar retention ages are equivelent to K-Ar ages, so, represent the minimum age of illite formation
Hg-00028-El Entredicho-01360.8360360.4 ± .4Ar-Arminimum age of illiteilliteee4   Hg130643El Entredicho Mine, Almadenejos, Almadén District, Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha, SpainEl EntredichoHall et al. (1997)10.1016/S0012-821X(97)00041-1EPSL148_287Ar retention ages are equivelent to K-Ar ages, so, represent the minimum age of illite formation
Hg-00028-El Entredicho-02359358.2358.6 ±.4Ar-Arminimum age of illiteillitesme32/1   Hg130643El Entredicho Mine, Almadenejos, Almadén District, Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha, SpainEl EntredichoHall et al. (1997)10.1016/S0012-821X(97)00041-1EPSL148_287Ar retention ages are equivelent to K-Ar ages, so, represent the minimum age of illite formation
Hg-00028-El Entredicho-03363.1361.5362.3 ± .8Ar-Arminimum age of illiteillitesme32/2 < I um   Hg130643El Entredicho Mine, Almadenejos, Almadén District, Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha, SpainEl EntredichoHall et al. (1997)10.1016/S0012-821X(97)00041-1EPSL148_287Ar retention ages are equivelent to K-Ar ages, so, represent the minimum age of illite formation
Hg-00028-El Entredicho-04361.1359.5360.3 ±.8Ar-Arminimum age of illiteillitesme32/2 < 0.2 um   Hg130643El Entredicho Mine, Almadenejos, Almadén District, Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha, SpainEl EntredichoHall et al. (1997)10.1016/S0012-821X(97)00041-1EPSL148_287Ar retention ages are equivelent to K-Ar ages, so, represent the minimum age of illite formation
Jen_0000587666K-Ar       105666Campo De Calatrava Volcanoes, Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha, SpainCalatravaWoolley and Kjarsgaard (2008)10.4095/225115GSCOF5796 
Jen_00005888.78.78.7K-Ar       105666Campo De Calatrava Volcanoes, Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha, SpainCalatravaWoolley and Kjarsgaard (2008)10.4095/225115GSCOF5796 
Jen_00005896.46.46.4K-Ar       105666Campo De Calatrava Volcanoes, Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha, SpainCalatravaWoolley and Kjarsgaard (2008)10.4095/225115GSCOF5796 
Jen_00005904.71.64.7-1.6K-Ar       105666Campo De Calatrava Volcanoes, Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha, SpainCalatravaWoolley and Kjarsgaard (2008)10.4095/225115GSCOF5796 


SampleSource LocalityReference URL


All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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