Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Darwin Mine (Anaconda; Bernon Mine; Defiance Mine; Essex Mine; Independence Mine; Intermediate Mine; Rip Van Winkle Mine; Thompson Mine), Darwin, Darwin District, Darwin Hills, Inyo Co., California, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 174
Youngest recorded age at locality: 174

mindat Locality ID: 3467
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-3467.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Darwin Mine (Anaconda; Bernon Mine; Defiance Mine; Essex Mine; Independence Mine; Intermediate Mine; Rip Van Winkle Mine; Thompson Mine), Darwin, Darwin District, Darwin Hills, Inyo Co., California, USA": 7
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 7

Number of Child Localities: 7
Child Localities:
Defiance Mine
Essex Mine (Essex Workings)
Lane Mine (Sorba Mine)
Lucky Jim Mine
Promontory Mine
Rip Van Winkle Prospect
Thompson Mine

Latitude: 36°16'54"N
Longitude: 117°35'17"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 36.281666666667,-117.58805555556
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au Ba Bi C Ca Cl Cr Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn Mo Na O P Pb S Sb Se Si Sn Te V W Zn 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: As Au Cr Cu Fe H O P Pb S Sb Te 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AcanthiteAllophaneAluniteApatiteAragoniteArsenicArsenopyriteBaryteBrauniteBrochantite
CalciteCaledoniteChalcopyriteClayClinozoisiteCopperCovelliteCylindriteEpidoteFeldspar
FluoriteGarnetGypsumLinariteMalachiteMicaMonaziteNickelineNoneNot in a structural group
PyritePyroxeneQuartzRocksaltRutileScheeliteSmectite-vermiculiteSphaleriteSpinelStannite
StibniteSulphurTetrahedriteTungstiteWollastonite

62 IMA Minerals at location:
Acanthite  (*)Anglesite  (*)Arsenopyrite  (*)Aurichalcite  (*)Azurite  (*)
Baryte  (*)Bismuth  (*)Bornite  (*)Braunite  (*)Brochantite  (*)
Calcite  (*)Caledonite  (*)Cerussite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)Chlorargyrite  (*)
Chrysocolla  (*)Covellite  (*)Creedite  (*)Crocoite  (*)Diopside  (*)
Epidote  (*)Famatinite  (*)Fluorite  (*)Franckeite  (*)Galena  (*)
Gold  (*)Grossular  (*)Guanajuatite  (*)Gypsum  (*)Hemimorphite  (*)
Hydrozincite  (*)Jarosite  (*)Linarite  (*)Magnetite  (*)Malachite  (*)
Matildite  (*)Montmorillonite  (*)Muscovite  (*)Orthoclase  (*)Plumbojarosite  (*)
Pseudomalachite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Pyrolusite  (*)Pyromorphite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)
Quartz  (*)Rickardite  (*)Scheelite  (*)Selenium  (*)Silver  (*)
Smithsonite  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Stannite  (*)Stibnite  (*)Sulphur  (*)
Tenorite  (*)Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)Tungstite  (*)Valentinite  (*)Vanadinite  (*)
Wollastonite  (*)Wulfenite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Acanthite  (*)AcanthiteAg2S1741742157390,1573962793
Anglesite  (*)BarytePb(SO4)1741742157393,1573962734
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS17417409052
Aurichalcite  (*)None(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)61741741157390919
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)217417411573965509
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)1741742157390,15739311547
Bismuth  (*)ArsenicBi17417411573961966
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS417417411573965516
Braunite  (*)BrauniteMn2+Mn3+6O8(SiO4)1741741157390483
Brochantite  (*)BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)617417411573961633
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)1741745157390,157392,157393,157395,15739627770
Caledonite  (*)CaledoniteCu2Pb5(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)61741741157396359
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)1741746157390,157392,157393,157394,157395,1573964979
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS21741742157390,15739627198
Chlorargyrite  (*)RocksaltAgCl17417411573961382
Chrysocolla  (*)Allophane(Cu2-xAlx)H2-xSi2O5(OH)4·nH2O1741743157390,157392,1573963531
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS17417411573904165
Creedite  (*)NoneCa3Al2(SO4)(OH)2F8·2H2O1741742157390,15739648
Crocoite  (*)Monazite BarytePb(CrO4)174174081
Diopside  (*)PyroxeneCaMgSi2O61741742157390,1573964135
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)17417411573968173
Famatinite  (*)Stannite SphaleriteCu3SbS41741741157396163
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF21741744157390,157392,157395,1573969617
Franckeite  (*)CylindritePb21.7Sn9.3Fe4.0Sb8.1S56.9174174115739652
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS1741747157390,157391,157392,157393,157394,157395,15739624243
Gold  (*)CopperAu174174030554
Grossular  (*)GarnetCa3Al2(SiO4)31741742157390,1573951544
Guanajuatite  (*)StibniteBi2Se3174174115739637
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O1741742157390,1573966890
Hemimorphite  (*)Not in a structural groupZn4(Si2O7)(OH)2·H2O17417411573901689
Hydrozincite  (*)NoneZn5(CO3)2(OH)61741743157390,157393,1573961066
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)617417411573962228
Linarite  (*)LinariteCuPb(SO4)(OH)21741742157390,157396987
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O4174174014899
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)21741742157390,15739612537
Matildite  (*)NoneAgBiS21741741157391252
Montmorillonite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculite(Na,Ca)0.3(Al,Mg)2Si4O10(OH)2·nH2O17417411573901508
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)2174174115739017380
Orthoclase  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)17417411573902349
Plumbojarosite  (*)AlunitePb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)61741743157390,157393,157396477
Pseudomalachite  (*)NoneCu5(PO4)2(OH)41741740369
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS21741743157390,157395,15739639462
Pyrolusite  (*)RutileMnO217417411573903106
Pyromorphite  (*)ApatitePb5(PO4)3Cl1741742157393,1573961725
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S817417409056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO21741742157392,15739661156
Rickardite  (*)NoneCu3-xTe2174174052
Scheelite  (*)ScheeliteCa(WO4)1741742157392,1573964894
Selenium  (*)SulphurSe1741741157390143
Silver  (*)CopperAg17417411573925186
Smithsonite  (*)CalciteZn(CO3)1741742157390,1573932473
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS1741742157390,15739621482
Stannite  (*)Stannite SphaleriteCu2FeSnS41741741157396668
Stibnite  (*)StibniteSb2S317417403418
Sulphur  (*)SulphurS1741742157390,1573962045
Tenorite  (*)NoneCuO17417401101
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S1317417411573965317
Tungstite  (*)TungstiteWO3·H2O1741741157396118
Valentinite  (*)NoneSb2O31741740369
Vanadinite  (*)ApatitePb5(VO4)3Cl1741741157396605
Wollastonite  (*)WollastoniteCaSiO31741742157390,1573961247
Wulfenite  (*)ScheelitePbMoO41741742157390,1573961655


2 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
sedznpb-00455174174174     Yes  23498Darwin District, Darwin Hills, Inyo Co., California, USADarwinSinger et al. (2009) USGSOFR2009-1252 
Jen_0001471174174174 age of associated magmatismscheelite   Scheelite  3467Darwin Mine (Anaconda; Bernon Mine; Defiance Mine; Essex Mine; Independence Mine; Intermediate Mine; Rip Van Winkle Mine; Thompson Mine), Darwin, Darwin District, Darwin Hills, Inyo Co., California, USADarwinPoulin et al. (2016)10.3749/canmin.1500023CM54_1147 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL
R050331Darwin Mine (Anaconda; Bernon Mine; Defiance Mine; Essex Mine; Independence Mine; Intermediate Mine; Rip Van Winkle Mine; Thompson Mine), Darwin, Darwin District, Darwin Hills, Inyo Co., California, USAhttps://rruff.info/R050331
R060866Darwin Mine (Anaconda; Bernon Mine; Defiance Mine; Essex Mine; Independence Mine; Intermediate Mine; Rip Van Winkle Mine; Thompson Mine), Darwin, Darwin District, Darwin Hills, Inyo Co., California, USAhttps://rruff.info/R060866

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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