Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

Locality Name:
Kipushi Mine, Kipushi, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo

Oldest recorded age at locality: 474
Youngest recorded age at locality: 427

mindat Locality ID: 4312
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-4312.html

Tectonic Settings: Collisional Boundary

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Kipushi Mine, Kipushi, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo": 0
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 0

Latitude: 11°46'9"S
Longitude: 27°14'8"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): -11.769166666667,27.235555555556

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Allophane	Alunite	Amphibole	Andalusite	Apatite	Aragonite	Arsenic	Arsenopyrite	Atacamite	Baryte
Brackebuschite	Brochantite	Calcite	Chalcanthite	Chalcopyrite	Clay	Clinozoisite	Cobaltite	Copper	Corundum
Covellite	Descloizite	Diaspore	Epidote	Feldspar	Fluorite	Germanite	Gypsum	Kaolinite	Löllingite
Malachite	Marcasite	Mica	Molybdenite	Nickeline	None	Not in a structural group	Phenakite	Philipsburgite	Pyrite
Quartz	Rocksalt	Scheelite	Sphalerite	Spinel	Stannite	Stannoidite	Stibnite	Talc	Tetrahedrite
Turquoise	Veszelyite	Wurtzite

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Ba Bi C Ca Cd Cl Co Cr Cu F Fe Ga Ge H K Mg Mo Na O P Pb S Si Sn Ti V W Zn

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Ag Al As Ba Bi C Ca Cd Cl Co Cr Cu F Fe Ga Ge H K Mg Mo Na O P Pb S Si Sn Ti V W Zn

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Allophane Alunite Amphibole Andalusite Apatite Aragonite Arsenic Arsenopyrite Atacamite Baryte
Brackebuschite Brochantite Calcite Chalcanthite Chalcopyrite Clay Clinozoisite Cobaltite Copper Corundum
Covellite Descloizite Diaspore Epidote Feldspar Fluorite Germanite Gypsum Kaolinite Löllingite
Malachite Marcasite Mica Molybdenite Nickeline None Not in a structural group Phenakite Philipsburgite Pyrite
Quartz Rocksalt Scheelite Sphalerite Spinel Stannite Stannoidite Stibnite Talc Tetrahedrite
Turquoise Veszelyite Wurtzite

87 IMA Minerals at location:

Adamite ()*	Albite ()*	Anglesite ()*	Anhydrite ()*	Aragonite ()*
Arsenopyrite ()*	Atacamite ()*	Aurichalcite ()*	Azurite ()*	Baryte ()*
Beaverite-(Cu) ()*	Betekhtinite ()*	Bismuth ()*	Bismuthinite ()*	Bornite ()*
Briartite ()*	Brochantite ()*	Calcite ()*	Carrollite ()*	Cerussite ()*
Chalcanthite ()*	Chalcocite ()*	Chalcopyrite ()*	Chrysocolla ()*	Cobaltite ()*
Copper ()*	Cosalite ()*	Covellite ()*	Cuprite ()*	Descloizite ()*
Dioptase ()*	Dolomite ()*	Epidote ()*	Fluorapatite ()*	Fluorite ()*
Galena ()*	Gallite ()*	Germanite ()*	Germanocolusite ()*	Goethite ()*
Graphite ()*	Greenockite ()*	Gypsum ()*	Halite ()*	Hematite ()*
Hemimorphite ()*	Hydrozincite ()*	Ilmenite ()*	Kaolinite ()*	Kipushite ()*
Libethenite ()*	Linnaeite ()*	Löllingite ()*	Magnesite ()*	Malachite ()*
Marcasite ()*	Massicot ()*	Molybdenite ()*	Muscovite ()*	Phlogopite ()*
Pseudomalachite ()*	Pyrite ()*	Pyromorphite ()*	Pyrrhotite ()*	Quartz ()*
Reichenbachite ()*	Renierite ()*	Scheelite ()*	Siderite ()*	Silver ()*
Smithsonite ()*	Sphalerite ()*	Stannoidite ()*	Stromeyerite ()*	Talc ()*
Tennantite-(Fe) ()*	Tremolite ()*	Tsumebite ()*	Tungstenite ()*	Turquoise ()*
Vanadinite ()*	Vauquelinite ()*	Veszelyite ()*	Willemite ()*	Witherite ()*
Zincite ()*	Zincobriartite ()*

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of localities containing mineral
Adamite ()*	Andalusite	Zn₂(AsO₄)(OH)	474	427	254
Albite ()*	Feldspar	Na(AlSi₃O₈)	474	427	8803
Anglesite ()*	Baryte	Pb(SO₄)	474	427	2734
Anhydrite ()*	Not in a structural group	Ca(SO₄)	474	427	1588
Aragonite ()*	Aragonite	Ca(CO₃)	474	427	3250
Arsenopyrite ()*	Arsenopyrite	FeAsS	474	427	9052
Atacamite ()*	Atacamite	Cu₂Cl(OH)₃	474	427	544
Aurichalcite ()*	None	(Zn,Cu)₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆	474	427	919
Azurite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂	474	427	5509
Baryte ()*	Baryte	Ba(SO₄)	474	427	11547
Beaverite-(Cu) ()*	Alunite	Pb(Fe³⁺₂Cu)(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	474	427	132
Betekhtinite ()*	None	(Cu,Fe)₂₁Pb₂S₁₅	474	427	45
Bismuth ()*	Arsenic	Bi	474	427	1966
Bismuthinite ()*	Stibnite	Bi₂S₃	474	427	1935
Bornite ()*	None	Cu₅FeS₄	474	427	5516
Briartite ()*	Stannite Sphalerite	Cu₂FeGeS₄	474	427	12
Brochantite ()*	Brochantite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆	474	427	1633
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)	474	427	27770
Carrollite ()*	Spinel	CuCo₂S₄	474	427	154
Cerussite ()*	Aragonite	Pb(CO₃)	474	427	4979
Chalcanthite ()*	Chalcanthite	Cu(SO₄)·5H₂O	474	427	925
Chalcocite ()*	None	Cu₂S	474	427	5707
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂	474	427	27198
Chrysocolla ()*	Allophane	(Cu_2-xAl_x)H_2-xSi₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O	474	427	3531
Cobaltite ()*	Cobaltite	CoAsS	474	427	966
Copper ()*	Copper	Cu	474	427	3846
Cosalite ()*	None	Pb₂Bi₂S₅	474	427	344
Covellite ()*	Covellite	CuS	474	427	4165
Cuprite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₂O	474	427	2970
Descloizite ()*	Descloizite	PbZn(VO₄)(OH)	474	427	378
Dioptase ()*	None	CuSiO₃·H₂O	474	427	164
Dolomite ()*	None	CaMg(CO₃)₂	474	427	9895
Epidote ()*	Epidote Clinozoisite	Ca₂(Al₂Fe³⁺)[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)	474	427	8173
Fluorapatite ()*	Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F	474	427	2740
Fluorite ()*	Fluorite	CaF₂	474	427	9617
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS	474	427	24243
Gallite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuGaS₂	474	427	7
Germanite ()*	Germanite Sphalerite	Cu₁₃Fe₂Ge₂S₁₆	474	427	33
Germanocolusite ()*	Germanite Sphalerite	Cu₁₃VGe₃S₁₆	474	427	5
Goethite ()*	Diaspore	FeO(OH)	474	427	7437
Graphite ()*	None	C	474	427	2812
Greenockite ()*	Wurtzite	CdS	474	427	717
Gypsum ()*	Gypsum	Ca(SO₄)·2H₂O	474	427	6890
Halite ()*	Rocksalt	NaCl	474	427	1398
Hematite ()*	Corundum	Fe₂O₃	474	427	14640
Hemimorphite ()*	Not in a structural group	Zn₄(Si₂O₇)(OH)₂·H₂O	474	427	1689
Hydrozincite ()*	None	Zn₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆	474	427	1066
Ilmenite ()*	Corundum	Fe²⁺Ti⁴⁺O₃	474	427	5433
Kaolinite ()*	Clay Kaolinite	Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄	474	427	5591
Kipushite ()*	Philipsburgite	Cu₆(PO₄)₂(OH)₆·H₂O	474	427	8
Libethenite ()*	Andalusite	Cu₂(PO₄)(OH)	474	427	234
Linnaeite ()*	Spinel	Co²⁺Co³⁺₂S₄	474	427	249
Löllingite ()*	Löllingite	FeAs₂	474	427	762
Magnesite ()*	Calcite	Mg(CO₃)	474	427	1487
Malachite ()*	Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂	474	427	12537
Marcasite ()*	Marcasite	FeS₂	474	427	5674
Massicot ()*	None	PbO	474	427	202
Molybdenite ()*	Molybdenite	MoS₂	474	427	5800
Muscovite ()*	Mica Clay	KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂	474	427	17380
Phlogopite ()*	Mica Clay	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂	474	427	2273
Pseudomalachite ()*	None	Cu₅(PO₄)₂(OH)₄	474	427	369
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	474	427	39462
Pyromorphite ()*	Apatite	Pb₅(PO₄)₃Cl	474	427	1725
Pyrrhotite ()*	Nickeline	Fe₇S₈	474	427	9056
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	474	427	61156
Reichenbachite ()*	None	Cu₅(PO₄)₂(OH)₄	474	427	26
Renierite ()*	Sphalerite Germanite	(Cu¹⁺,Zn)₁₁Fe₄(Ge⁴⁺,As⁵⁺)₂S₁₆	474	427	37
Scheelite ()*	Scheelite	Ca(WO₄)	474	427	4894
Siderite ()*	Calcite	Fe(CO₃)	474	427	6417
Silver ()*	Copper	Ag	474	427	5186
Smithsonite ()*	Calcite	Zn(CO₃)	474	427	2473
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS	474	427	21482
Stannoidite ()*	Stannoidite	Cu₈(Fe,Zn)₃Sn₂S₁₂	474	427	80
Stromeyerite ()*	None	CuAgS	474	427	332
Talc ()*	Clay Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂	474	427	3337
Tennantite-(Fe) ()*	Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄Fe₂)As₄S₁₃	474	427	1803
Tremolite ()*	Amphibole	Ca₂(Mg_5.0-4.5Fe²⁺_0.0-0.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	474	427	2562
Tsumebite ()*	Brackebuschite	Pb₂Cu(PO₄)(SO₄)(OH)	474	427	32
Tungstenite ()*	Molybdenite	WS₂	474	427	28
Turquoise ()*	Turquoise	CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O	474	427	484
Vanadinite ()*	Apatite	Pb₅(VO₄)₃Cl	474	427	605
Vauquelinite ()*	None	CuPb₂(CrO₄)(PO₄)(OH)	474	427	63
Veszelyite ()*	Veszelyite	(Cu,Zn)₂Zn(PO₄)(OH)₃·2H₂O	474	427	20
Willemite ()*	Phenakite	Zn₂SiO₄	474	427	303
Witherite ()*	Aragonite	Ba(CO₃)	474	427	251
Zincite ()*	Wurtzite	ZnO	474	427	98
Zincobriartite ()*	Stannite Sphalerite	Cu₂(Zn,Fe)(Ge,Ga)S₄	474	427	1

2 Ages assigned to this locality:

	Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Prioritized?	Sample Source	Sample Num	Run Num	Age from other Locality	Dated Mineral	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
	Mo-00061	474	427		Pb-Pb, U-Pb								Molybdenite	Mo	4312	Kipushi Mine, Kipushi, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo		Kamona et al. (1999)	10.1007/s001260050203	MD34_273
	sedznpb-00196	457.1	445.1	451.1±6.0 (Ru-Sr),\|450.5±3.4 (Re-Os)	Ru-Sr										4312	Kipushi Mine, Kipushi, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo	Kipushi	Singer et al. (2009)		USGSOFR2009-1252

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...