Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Brüderbund Mine, Kohlenbach Valley, Eiserfeld, Siegen, Siegerland, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany

Oldest recorded age at locality: 405
Youngest recorded age at locality: 270

mindat Locality ID: 13937
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-13937.html

Tectonic Settings: Continental Extension

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Brüderbund Mine, Kohlenbach Valley, Eiserfeld, Siegen, Siegerland, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany": 2
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 1

Number of Child Localities: 1
Child Localities:
Vereinigte Kohlenbach Mine

Latitude: 50°49'22"N
Longitude: 8°0'38"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 50.822777777778,8.0105555555556
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au Ba Bi C Ca Cl Co Cu Fe H K Mg Mn Na Ni O P Pb S Sb Si Ti Zn 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Ag Al As Au Bi C Ca Cl Co Cu Fe H K Mg Mn Na Ni O P Pb S Sb Si Ti Zn 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AcanthiteAllophaneAluniteAndalusiteApatiteAragoniteArsenicArsenopyriteBaryteBismutite
BrochantiteBrookiteCalciteChalcanthiteChalcoalumiteChalcopyriteChalcostibiteClayCobaltiteCopper
CoronaditeCorundumCovelliteCubaniteDiasporeDigeniteEpsomiteEttringiteGypsumKobellite
KtenasiteLöllingiteLillianiteLinariteMalachiteMarcasiteMeneghiniteMicaMilleriteNickeline
NoneNot in a structural groupPyritePyrochloreQuartzRocksaltRutileSphaleriteSpinelStannite
StibniteSulphurTetrahedriteUllmanniteVivianiteWurtziteXanthoconitehauchecornite

99 IMA Minerals at location:
Acanthite  (*)Aikinite  (*)Alloclasite  (*)Allophane  (*)Anglesite  (*)
Ankerite  (*)Annabergite  (*)Aragonite  (*)Arsenopyrite  (*)Aurichalcite  (*)
Azurite  (*)Baryte  (*)Bindheimite  (*)Bismuth  (*)Bismuthinite  (*)
Bismutite  (*)Bornite  (*)Bottinoite  (*)Brianyoungite  (*)Brochantite  (*)
Brookite  (*)Calcite  (*)Carrollite  (*)Cerussite  (*)Chalcoalumite  (*)
Chalcocite  (*)Chalcophanite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)Cobaltite  (*)Copper  (*)
Corkite  (*)Coronadite  (*)Covellite  (*)Cryptomelane  (*)Cubanite  (*)
Cuprite  (*)Delafossite  (*)Digenite  (*)Djurleite  (*)Dolomite  (*)
Emplectite  (*)Erythrite  (*)Galena  (*)Goethite  (*)Gold  (*)
Gustavite  (*)Gypsum  (*)Hammarite  (*)Hauchecornite  (*)Hematite  (*)
Hörnesite  (*)Hydrozincite  (*)Idaite  (*)Jarosite  (*)Kobellite  (*)
Köttigite  (*)Krupkaite  (*)Langite  (*)Lavendulan  (*)Linarite  (*)
Löllingite  (*)Malachite  (*)Marcasite  (*)Miargyrite  (*)Millerite  (*)
Morenosite  (*)Muscovite  (*)Nickeline  (*)Olivenite  (*)Gersdorffite-Pa3  (*)
Plagionite  (*)Polydymite  (*)Posnjakite  (*)Proustite  (*)Pyrargyrite  (*)
Pyrite  (*)Pyrolusite  (*)Pyromorphite  (*)Pyrostilpnite  (*)Quartz  (*)
Ramsbeckite  (*)Retgersite  (*)Rhodochrosite  (*)Schulenbergite  (*)Semseyite  (*)
Siderite  (*)Siderotil  (*)Silver  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Stibiconite  (*)
Stibnite  (*)Sulphur  (*)Tennantite-(Fe)  (*)Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)Thaumasite  (*)
Tučekite  (*)Ullmannite  (*)Valentinite  (*)Wittichenite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Acanthite  (*)AcanthiteAg2S40527002793
Aikinite  (*)MeneghiniteCuPbBiS34052700315
Alloclasite  (*)LöllingiteCoAsS40527016087156
Allophane  (*)AllophaneAl2O3(SiO2)1.3-2.0·2.5-3.0H2O4052700470
Anglesite  (*)BarytePb(SO4)40527002734
Ankerite  (*)NoneCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)24052701608713092
Annabergite  (*)VivianiteNi3(AsO4)2·8H2O4052700445
Aragonite  (*)AragoniteCa(CO3)40527003250
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS40527009052
Aurichalcite  (*)None(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)64052700919
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)240527005509
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)40527016087111547
Bindheimite  (*)PyrochlorePb2Sb5+2O74052700450
Bismuth  (*)ArsenicBi40527001966
Bismuthinite  (*)StibniteBi2S340527001935
Bismutite  (*)BismutiteBi2O2(CO3)4052700716
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS44052701608715516
Bottinoite  (*)NoneNiSb5+2(OH)12·6H2O405270016
Brianyoungite  (*)NoneZn3(CO3)(OH)4405270079
Brochantite  (*)BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)640527001633
Brookite  (*)BrookiteTiO24052700700
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)40527016087127770
Carrollite  (*)SpinelCuCo2S4405270160871154
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)40527004979
Chalcoalumite  (*)ChalcoalumiteCuAl4(SO4)(OH)12·3H2O405270091
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S4052701608715707
Chalcophanite  (*)NoneZnMn4+3O7·3H2O4052700197
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS240527016087127198
Cobaltite  (*)CobaltiteCoAsS405270160871966
Copper  (*)CopperCu40527003846
Corkite  (*)AlunitePbFe3+3(SO4)(PO4)(OH)64052700151
Coronadite  (*)CoronaditePb(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O164052700227
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS40527004165
Cryptomelane  (*)CoronaditeK(Mn4+7Mn3+)O164052700599
Cubanite  (*)Cubanite WurtziteCuFe2S34052700802
Cuprite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2O40527002970
Delafossite  (*)NoneCu1+Fe3+O24052700144
Digenite  (*)DigeniteCu1.8S4052701608711027
Djurleite  (*)NoneCu31S16405270160871300
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)24052701608719895
Emplectite  (*)ChalcostibiteCuBiS24052700246
Erythrite  (*)VivianiteCo3(AsO4)2·8H2O4052700814
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS405270024243
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)40527007437
Gold  (*)CopperAu405270030554
Gustavite  (*)LillianiteAgPbBi3S64052700113
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O40527006890
Hammarite  (*)MeneghiniteCu2Pb2Bi4S9405270043
Hauchecornite  (*)hauchecorniteNi9BiSbS8405270027
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O340527016087114640
Hörnesite  (*)VivianiteMg3(AsO4)2·8H2O4052700103
Hydrozincite  (*)NoneZn5(CO3)2(OH)640527001066
Idaite  (*)Stannite SphaleriteCu3FeS44052700142
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)640527002228
Kobellite  (*)KobellitePb11(Cu,Fe)2(Bi,Sb)15S35405270087
Köttigite  (*)VivianiteZn3(AsO4)2·8H2O405270060
Krupkaite  (*)MeneghinitePbCuBi3S6405270080
Langite  (*)NoneCu4(SO4)(OH)6·2H2O4052700593
Lavendulan  (*)NoneNaCaCu5(AsO4)4Cl·5H2O4052700149
Linarite  (*)LinariteCuPb(SO4)(OH)24052700987
Löllingite  (*)LöllingiteFeAs24052700762
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)240527016087112537
Marcasite  (*)MarcasiteFeS240527005674
Miargyrite  (*)NoneAgSbS24052700300
Millerite  (*)MilleriteNiS4052701608711066
Morenosite  (*)EpsomiteNi(SO4)·7H2O405270084
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)2405270017380
Nickeline  (*)NickelineNiAs405270160871633
Olivenite  (*)AndalusiteCu2(AsO4)(OH)4052700492
Gersdorffite-Pa3  (*)PyriteNiAsS405270160871767
Plagionite  (*)NonePb5Sb8S174052700100
Polydymite  (*)SpinelNi2+Ni3+2S44052700131
Posnjakite  (*)NoneCu4(SO4)(OH)6·H2O4052700309
Proustite  (*)NoneAg3AsS34052700733
Pyrargyrite  (*)NoneAg3SbS340527001425
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS2405270039462
Pyrolusite  (*)RutileMnO24052701608723106
Pyromorphite  (*)ApatitePb5(PO4)3Cl40527001725
Pyrostilpnite  (*)XanthoconiteAg3SbS3405270084
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO240527016087161156
Ramsbeckite  (*)NoneCu15(SO4)4(OH)22·6H2O405270068
Retgersite  (*)NoneNi(SO4)·6H2O405270055
Rhodochrosite  (*)CalciteMn(CO3)4052701608711711
Schulenbergite  (*)Ktenasite(Cu,Zn)7(SO4)2(OH)10·3H2O4052700142
Semseyite  (*)NonePb9Sb8S214052700165
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)4052701608716417
Siderotil  (*)ChalcanthiteFe(SO4)·5H2O405270084
Silver  (*)CopperAg40527005186
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS405270021482
Stibiconite  (*)PyrochloreSb3+Sb5+2O6(OH)4052700446
Stibnite  (*)StibniteSb2S340527003418
Sulphur  (*)SulphurS40527002045
Tennantite-(Fe)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Fe2)As4S134052701608711803
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S134052701608715317
Thaumasite  (*)EttringiteCa3Si(OH)6(CO3)(SO4)·12H2O4052700183
Tučekite  (*)hauchecorniteNi9Sb2S8405270017
Ullmannite  (*)UllmanniteNiSbS4052700293
Valentinite  (*)NoneSb2O34052700369
Wittichenite  (*)NoneCu3BiS34052700297


1 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Emily000555405270Variscan     YesSideritePb, Zn1816Siegerland, North Rhine-Westphalia, GermanySiegerlandWagner et al. (2002)10.1016/S0883-2927(01)00067-1AP17_225 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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