Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Colico, Lecco Province, Lombardy, Italy

Oldest recorded age at locality: 215
Youngest recorded age at locality: 215

mindat Locality ID: 146135
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-146135.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Colico, Lecco Province, Lombardy, Italy": 4
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 3

Number of Child Localities: 2
Child Localities:
Piona Peninsula
Rivetta (Piona)

Latitude: 46°6'58"N
Longitude: 9°19'10"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 46.116111111111,9.3194444444444
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al As B Ba Be C Ca Ce Cu F Fe H K Li Mg Mn Na Nb O P Pb S Si Sn Ta U Y Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AlluauditeApatiteArrojaditeArseniosideriteArsenopyriteAutuniteBerauniteBerylChalcopyriteChildrenite
ClayColumbiteCovelliteFairfielditeFeldsparFluoriteGarnetGraftoniteJahnsiteLaueite
LazuliteLipscombiteMeta-autuniteMicaMonaziteNickelineNoneNot in a structural groupOlivinePhenakite
PhosphosideritePhosphuranylitePyriteQuartzReddingiteRockbridgeiteRoscheriteRutileSchoepiteStrunzite
TapioliteTourmalineVivianiteWagneriteZircon

75 IMA Minerals at location:
Albite  (*)Alluaudite  (*)Almandine  (*)Arrojadite-(KFe)  (*)Arrojadite-(KNa)  (*)
Arsenopyrite  (*)Autunite  (*)Becquerelite  (*)Beraunite  (*)Bertrandite  (*)
Beryl  (*)Beusite  (*)Cassiterite  (*)Celsian  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)
Chrysoberyl  (*)Columbite-(Fe)  (*)Columbite-(Mn)  (*)Covellite  (*)Eosphorite  (*)
Fairfieldite  (*)Ferrisicklerite  (*)Ferrowyllieite  (*)Fluorapatite  (*)Fluorite  (*)
Fourmarierite  (*)Graftonite  (*)Heterosite  (*)Hydroxylapatite  (*)Jahnsite-(CaMnFe)  (*)
Jahnsite-(CaMnMn)  (*)Jahnsite-(MnMnFe)  (*)Karenwebberite  (*)Kryzhanovskite  (*)Laueite  (*)
Lazulite  (*)Lipscombite  (*)Lithiophilite  (*)Messelite  (*)Meta-autunite  (*)
Metaswitzerite  (*)Metatorbernite  (*)Microcline  (*)Mitridatite  (*)Monazite-(Ce)  (*)
Muscovite  (*)Phenakite  (*)Phosphoferrite  (*)Phosphosiderite  (*)Phosphuranylite  (*)
Purpurite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)Quartz  (*)Rockbridgeite  (*)
Roscherite  (*)Rutherfordine  (*)Sabugalite  (*)Saléeite  (*)Sarcopside  (*)
Schorl  (*)Spessartine  (*)Strunzite  (*)Switzerite  (*)Tantalite-(Fe)  (*)
Tapiolite-(Fe)  (*)Torbernite  (*)Triphylite  (*)Uraninite  (*)Uranophane-α  (*)
Vivianite  (*)Wolfeite  (*)Xanthoxenite  (*)Xenotime-(Y)  (*)Zircon  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)215215369895,69896,698978803
Alluaudite  (*)Alluaudite   NaMnFe3+2(PO4)321521516989594
Almandine  (*)GarnetFe2+3Al2(SiO4)3215215469895,69896,69897,698982353
Arrojadite-(KFe)  (*)Arrojadite(KNa)Fe2+(CaNa2)Fe2+13Al(PO4)11(PO3OH)(OH)221521516989550
Arrojadite-(KNa)  (*)ArrojaditeKNa3(CaNa2)Fe2+13Al(PO4)11(PO3OH)(OH)22152151698973
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS2152151698979052
Autunite  (*)AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2·10-12H2O215215369896,69897,698981272
Becquerelite  (*)NoneCa(UO2)6O4(OH)6·8H2O21521516989792
Beraunite  (*)BerauniteFe3+6(PO4)4O(OH)4·6H2O215215169895136
Bertrandite  (*)Not in a structural groupBe4Si2O7(OH)2169896606
Beryl  (*)BerylBe3Al2Si6O18215215469895,69896,69897,698984286
Beusite  (*)GraftoniteMn2+Mn2+2(PO4)221521516989539
Cassiterite  (*)RutileSnO2215215269895,698975171
Celsian  (*)FeldsparBa(Al2Si2O8)215215169897100
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS221521516989727198
Chrysoberyl  (*)OlivineBeAl2O4269895,69896321
Columbite-(Fe)  (*)ColumbiteFe2+Nb2O6215215169897518
Columbite-(Mn)  (*)ColumbiteMn2+Nb2O6215215169895289
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS2152151698974165
Eosphorite  (*)ChildreniteMn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2·H2O215215169897128
Fairfieldite  (*)FairfielditeCa2Mn2+(PO4)2·2H2O215215269895,6989772
Ferrisicklerite  (*)OlivineLi1-x(Fe3+,Mn2+)(PO4)215215269895,69897108
Ferrowyllieite  (*)NoneNaNaFe2+(Fe2+Al)(PO4)32152151698974
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F215215269896,698972740
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF22152151698979617
Fourmarierite  (*)SchoepitePb1-xO3-2x(UO2)4(OH)4+2x·4H2O21521516989761
Graftonite  (*)GraftoniteFe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2215215269895,69897107
Heterosite  (*)OlivineFe3+(PO4)215215269895,69897204
Hydroxylapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3OH215215169897367
Jahnsite-(CaMnFe)  (*)JahnsiteCaMn2+Fe2+2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2·8H2O215215269895,6989727
Jahnsite-(CaMnMn)  (*)JahnsiteCaMn2+Mn2+2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2·8H2O215215269895,6989718
Jahnsite-(MnMnFe)  (*)JahnsiteMn2+Mn2+Fe2+2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2·8H2O2152151698972
Karenwebberite  (*)OlivineNaFe2+(PO4)2152151698972
Kryzhanovskite  (*)Reddingite(Fe3+,Mn2+)3(PO4)2(OH,H2O)321521516989534
Laueite  (*)LaueiteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2·8H2O21521516989770
Lazulite  (*)LazuliteMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2215215169897232
Lipscombite  (*)LipscombiteFe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)221521516989747
Lithiophilite  (*)OlivineLiMn2+(PO4)215215169897155
Messelite  (*)FairfielditeCa2Fe2+(PO4)2·2H2O21521516989543
Meta-autunite  (*)Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2·6H2O215215169897388
Metaswitzerite  (*)NoneMn2+3(PO4)2·4H2O215215269895,6989722
Metatorbernite  (*)NoneCu(UO2)2(PO4)2·8H2O215215369896,69897,69898443
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)215215269896,698974924
Mitridatite  (*)ArseniosideriteCa2Fe3+3O2(PO4)3·3H2O215215169897129
Monazite-(Ce)  (*)MonaziteCe(PO4)215215169897945
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)2215215469895,69896,69897,6989817380
Phenakite  (*)PhenakiteBe2(SiO4)169896326
Phosphoferrite  (*)ReddingiteFe2+3(PO4)2·3H2O21521516989531
Phosphosiderite  (*)PhosphosideriteFe3+(PO4)·2H2O215215169897182
Phosphuranylite  (*)PhosphuranyliteKCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4·8H2O215215169897182
Purpurite  (*)OlivineMn3+(PO4)21521516989780
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS2215215269896,6989739462
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S8215215269896,698979056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO2215215469895,69896,69897,6989861156
Rockbridgeite  (*)Rockbridgeite(Fe2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe3+3(PO4)3(OH)5215215269895,69897206
Roscherite  (*)RoscheriteCa2Mn2+5Be4(PO4)6(OH)4·6H2O21521516989722
Rutherfordine  (*)None(UO2)(CO3)21521516989758
Sabugalite  (*)NoneHAl(UO2)4(PO4)4·16H2O21521516989787
Saléeite  (*)NoneMg(UO2)2(PO4)2(H2O)1021521516989795
Sarcopside  (*)NoneFe2+3(PO4)2215215269895,6989758
Schorl  (*)TourmalineNaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)215215469895,69896,69897,698982705
Spessartine  (*)GarnetMn2+3Al2(SiO4)32152151698951214
Strunzite  (*)StrunziteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2·6H2O21521516989598
Switzerite  (*)NoneMn2+3(PO4)2·7H2O215215269895,6989721
Tantalite-(Fe)  (*)ColumbiteFe2+Ta2O6215215269895,6989799
Tapiolite-(Fe)  (*)TapioliteFe2+Ta2O6215215269895,6989788
Torbernite  (*)NoneCu(UO2)2(PO4)2·12H2O215215369896,69897,698981059
Triphylite  (*)OlivineLiFe2+(PO4)215215269895,69897313
Uraninite  (*)FluoriteUO2215215369896,69897,698982718
Uranophane-α  (*)NoneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2·5H2O215215169897890
Vivianite  (*)VivianiteFe2+3(PO4)2·8H2O215215269895,69897636
Wolfeite  (*)WagneriteFe2+2(PO4)(OH)215215269895,6989743
Xanthoxenite  (*)NoneCa4Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2·3H2O21521516989729
Xenotime-(Y)  (*)ZirconY(PO4)215215169897939
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)215215469895,69896,69897,698985251


Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:
Age IDLocality Notes
Giersdorf_00000855All of these pegmatites are hosted by high-grade sillimanite- and garnet-bearing mica schists belonging to the crystalline basement of the Southern Alps. The dikes consist of albite + quartz pegmatite with almandine, schorl, and muscovite as common accessories. These pegmatites can be classified as the beryl-columbite-phosphate subtype in the classification of Černý & Ercit (2005).


1 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Giersdorf_00000855215215215        25826Malpensata Pegmatitic Dyke (Olgiasca-Malpensata; Croce Quarry; Secondi Dyke), Piona Peninsula, Colico, Lecco Province, Lombardy, ItalyMalpensataVignola et al. (2018)10.3749/canmin.1700058TCM56_411The age for the Malpensata pegmatite is from unpublished data, but the source of the data is the very author of the reference in question.

SampleSource LocalityReference URL

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