Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Lecco Province, Lombardy, Italy

Oldest recorded age at locality: 215
Youngest recorded age at locality: 215

mindat Locality ID: 57800
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-57800.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Lecco Province, Lombardy, Italy": 56
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 30

Number of Child Localities: 12
Child Localities:
Abbadia Lariana
Cesana Brianza
Colico
Dervio
Dorio
Esino Lario
Lecco
Mandello Del Lario
Tremenico
Valsassina
Vendrogno
Vestreno

Latitude: 46°3'45"N
Longitude: 9°20'16"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 46.0625,9.3377777777778
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As B Ba Be Bi C Ca Cd Ce Cl Co Cu F Fe H Hg K Li Mg Mn Mo Na Nb Ni O P Pb S Sb Si Sn Ta Ti U V Y Zn Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AcanthiteAllophaneAlluauditeAndalusiteApatiteAragoniteAramayoiteArrojaditeArsenicArseniosiderite
ArsenoliteArsenopyriteArthuriteAutuniteBaryteBerauniteBerthieriteBerylBournoniteBrackebuschite
CalciteChalcopyriteChildreniteChloriteClayColumbiteCorundumCovelliteDiasporeFairfieldite
FeldsparFluoriteGarnetGraftoniteGypsumJahnsiteLaueiteLazuliteLinariteLipscombite
MalachiteMarcasiteMeneghiniteMeta-autuniteMicaMonaziteNickelineNoneNot in a structural groupOlivine
PhenakitePhosphosideritePhosphuranylitePyriteQuartzReddingiteRockbridgeiteRocksaltRoscheriteRutile
ScheeliteSchoepiteSphaleriteStarkeyiteStauroliteStibniteStrunziteSulphurTapioliteTetrahedrite
TitaniteTourmalineVivianiteWagneriteWurtziteXanthoconiteZircon

142 IMA Minerals at location:
Acanthite  (*)Adamite  (*)Aikinite  (*)Albite  (*)Alluaudite  (*)
Almandine  (*)Anatase  (*)Anglesite  (*)Annabergite  (*)Aragonite  (*)
Arrojadite-(BaNa)  (*)Arrojadite-(KFe)  (*)Arrojadite-(KNa)  (*)Arsenopyrite  (*)Arsentsumebite  (*)
Aurichalcite  (*)Autunite  (*)Azurite  (*)Baryte  (*)Baumstarkite  (*)
Becquerelite  (*)Beraunite  (*)Berthierite  (*)Bertrandite  (*)Beryl  (*)
Beusite  (*)Bismuth  (*)Bournonite  (*)Calcite  (*)Cassiterite  (*)
Celsian  (*)Cerussite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)Chamosite  (*)Chrysoberyl  (*)
Chrysocolla  (*)Cinnabar  (*)Columbite-(Fe)  (*)Columbite-(Mn)  (*)Cordierite  (*)
Covellite  (*)Dolomite  (*)Dravite  (*)Eosphorite  (*)Erythrite  (*)
Fairfieldite  (*)Ferrisicklerite  (*)Ferrostrunzite  (*)Ferrowyllieite  (*)Fluorapatite  (*)
Fluorite  (*)Fourmarierite  (*)Galena  (*)Goethite  (*)Graftonite  (*)
Greenockite  (*)Gypsum  (*)Hematite  (*)Hemimorphite  (*)Heterosite  (*)
Hydroxylapatite  (*)Hydrozincite  (*)Imiterite  (*)Jahnsite-(CaMnFe)  (*)Jahnsite-(CaMnMn)  (*)
Jahnsite-(MnMnFe)  (*)Karenwebberite  (*)Kermesite  (*)Kryzhanovskite  (*)Kyanite  (*)
Langite  (*)Laueite  (*)Laurionite  (*)Lazulite  (*)Linarite  (*)
Lipscombite  (*)Lithiophilite  (*)Malachite  (*)Manganite  (*)Marcasite  (*)
Mercury  (*)Messelite  (*)Meta-autunite  (*)Metaswitzerite  (*)Metatorbernite  (*)
Microcline  (*)Mimetite  (*)Mitridatite  (*)Monazite-(Ce)  (*)Muscovite  (*)
Nickeline  (*)Orthoclase  (*)Gersdorffite-Pa3  (*)Phenakite  (*)Phosphoferrite  (*)
Phosphosiderite  (*)Phosphuranylite  (*)Pseudomalachite  (*)Purpurite  (*)Pyrargyrite  (*)
Pyrite  (*)Pyrolusite  (*)Pyromorphite  (*)Pyrostilpnite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)
Quartz  (*)Rockbridgeite  (*)Roscherite  (*)Rutherfordine  (*)Sabugalite  (*)
Saléeite  (*)Sarcopside  (*)Schorl  (*)Senarmontite  (*)Siderite  (*)
Sillimanite  (*)Smithsonite  (*)Spessartine  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Starkeyite  (*)
Staurolite  (*)Stibnite  (*)Strunzite  (*)Sulphur  (*)Switzerite  (*)
Tantalite-(Fe)  (*)Tapiolite-(Fe)  (*)Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)Titanite  (*)Torbernite  (*)
Triphylite  (*)Uraninite  (*)Uranophane-α  (*)Valentinite  (*)Vanadinite  (*)
Vivianite  (*)Whitmoreite  (*)Wolfeite  (*)Wulfenite  (*)Xanthoxenite  (*)
Xenotime-(Y)  (*)Zircon  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Acanthite  (*)AcanthiteAg2S1699322793
Adamite  (*)AndalusiteZn2(AsO4)(OH)169925254
Aikinite  (*)MeneghiniteCuPbBiS3169921315
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)215215569895,69896,69897,69902,699048803
Alluaudite  (*)Alluaudite   NaMnFe3+2(PO4)321521516989594
Almandine  (*)GarnetFe2+3Al2(SiO4)3215215769895,69896,69897,69898,69902,69904,699052353
Anatase  (*)Not in a structural groupTiO2269919,699372162
Anglesite  (*)BarytePb(SO4)269928,699302734
Annabergite  (*)VivianiteNi3(AsO4)2·8H2O269924,69925445
Aragonite  (*)AragoniteCa(CO3)369924,69928,699303250
Arrojadite-(BaNa)  (*)ArrojaditeBaNa3(NaCa)Fe2+13Al(PO4)11(PO3OH)(OH)21699042
Arrojadite-(KFe)  (*)Arrojadite(KNa)Fe2+(CaNa2)Fe2+13Al(PO4)11(PO3OH)(OH)221521516989550
Arrojadite-(KNa)  (*)ArrojaditeKNa3(CaNa2)Fe2+13Al(PO4)11(PO3OH)(OH)22152151698973
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS215215269897,699049052
Arsentsumebite  (*)BrackebuschitePb2Cu(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)16993137
Aurichalcite  (*)None(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6369925,69930,69931919
Autunite  (*)AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2·10-12H2O215215669896,69897,69898,69902,69905,699191272
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)2469922,69924,69925,699305509
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)1169893,69912,69913,69915,69922,69924,69925,69928,69930,69931,6993211547
Baumstarkite  (*)AramayoiteAg3Sb3S61699326
Becquerelite  (*)NoneCa(UO2)6O4(OH)6·8H2O21521516989792
Beraunite  (*)BerauniteFe3+6(PO4)4O(OH)4·6H2O215215169895136
Berthierite  (*)BerthieriteFeSb2S4169939343
Bertrandite  (*)Not in a structural groupBe4Si2O7(OH)2169896606
Beryl  (*)BerylBe3Al2Si6O18215215669895,69896,69897,69898,69902,699054286
Beusite  (*)GraftoniteMn2+Mn2+2(PO4)221521516989539
Bismuth  (*)ArsenicBi1699361966
Bournonite  (*)BournoniteCuPbSbS31699241089
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)1069891,69893,69907,69908,69912,69913,69915,69916,69922,6992827770
Cassiterite  (*)RutileSnO2215215269895,698975171
Celsian  (*)FeldsparBa(Al2Si2O8)215215169897100
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)969891,69912,69913,69915,69922,69925,69928,69930,699314979
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS2215215669897,69922,69925,69928,69930,6993127198
Chamosite  (*)Chlorite Clay(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8169904577
Chrysoberyl  (*)OlivineBeAl2O4269895,69896321
Chrysocolla  (*)Allophane(Cu2-xAlx)H2-xSi2O5(OH)4·nH2O269931,699373531
Cinnabar  (*)NoneHgS269933,699342600
Columbite-(Fe)  (*)ColumbiteFe2+Nb2O6215215169897518
Columbite-(Mn)  (*)ColumbiteMn2+Nb2O6215215169895289
Cordierite  (*)BerylMg2Al4Si5O181699031008
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS215215269897,699304165
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)2869907,69908,69912,69913,69915,69916,69923,699329895
Dravite  (*)TourmalineNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)169905648
Eosphorite  (*)ChildreniteMn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2·H2O215215169897128
Erythrite  (*)VivianiteCo3(AsO4)2·8H2O269922,69925814
Fairfieldite  (*)FairfielditeCa2Mn2+(PO4)2·2H2O215215269895,6989772
Ferrisicklerite  (*)OlivineLi1-x(Fe3+,Mn2+)(PO4)215215369895,69897,69904108
Ferrostrunzite  (*)StrunziteFe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2·6H2O16990419
Ferrowyllieite  (*)NoneNaNaFe2+(Fe2+Al)(PO4)32152151698974
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F215215269896,698972740
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF2215215669891,69897,69912,69913,69915,699169617
Fourmarierite  (*)SchoepitePb1-xO3-2x(UO2)4(OH)4+2x·4H2O21521516989761
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS1269891,69908,69912,69913,69915,69922,69924,69925,69928,69930,69932,6993624243
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)469905,69922,69931,699377437
Graftonite  (*)GraftoniteFe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2215215469895,69897,69904,69905107
Greenockite  (*)WurtziteCdS569922,69925,69928,69930,69936717
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O269912,699136890
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O3269907,6992414640
Hemimorphite  (*)Not in a structural groupZn4(Si2O7)(OH)2·H2O569891,69912,69913,69915,699301689
Heterosite  (*)OlivineFe3+(PO4)215215369895,69897,69904204
Hydroxylapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3OH215215169897367
Hydrozincite  (*)NoneZn5(CO3)2(OH)6669912,69913,69915,69928,69930,699311066
Imiterite  (*)NoneAg2HgS216993217
Jahnsite-(CaMnFe)  (*)JahnsiteCaMn2+Fe2+2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2·8H2O215215369895,69897,6990427
Jahnsite-(CaMnMn)  (*)JahnsiteCaMn2+Mn2+2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2·8H2O215215269895,6989718
Jahnsite-(MnMnFe)  (*)JahnsiteMn2+Mn2+Fe2+2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2·8H2O2152151698972
Karenwebberite  (*)OlivineNaFe2+(PO4)2152151698972
Kermesite  (*)NoneSb2OS2169939230
Kryzhanovskite  (*)Reddingite(Fe3+,Mn2+)3(PO4)2(OH,H2O)3215215269895,6990434
Kyanite  (*)Not in a structural groupAl2OSiO41699401507
Langite  (*)NoneCu4(SO4)(OH)6·2H2O169925593
Laueite  (*)LaueiteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2·8H2O21521516989770
Laurionite  (*)NonePbCl(OH)16992549
Lazulite  (*)LazuliteMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2215215169897232
Linarite  (*)LinariteCuPb(SO4)(OH)2369930,69931,69937987
Lipscombite  (*)LipscombiteFe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2215215269897,6990447
Lithiophilite  (*)OlivineLiMn2+(PO4)215215169897155
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2669922,69924,69925,69930,69931,6993712537
Manganite  (*)RutileMn3+O(OH)169907770
Marcasite  (*)MarcasiteFeS2369891,69893,699165674
Mercury  (*)NoneHg269933,69934397
Messelite  (*)FairfielditeCa2Fe2+(PO4)2·2H2O21521516989543
Meta-autunite  (*)Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2·6H2O215215169897388
Metaswitzerite  (*)NoneMn2+3(PO4)2·4H2O215215269895,6989722
Metatorbernite  (*)NoneCu(UO2)2(PO4)2·8H2O215215569896,69897,69898,69902,69905443
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)215215269896,698974924
Mimetite  (*)ApatitePb5(AsO4)3Cl1699251107
Mitridatite  (*)ArseniosideriteCa2Fe3+3O2(PO4)3·3H2O215215169897129
Monazite-(Ce)  (*)MonaziteCe(PO4)215215169897945
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)2215215869895,69896,69897,69898,69902,69903,69904,6990517380
Nickeline  (*)NickelineNiAs169925633
Orthoclase  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)1699052349
Gersdorffite-Pa3  (*)PyriteNiAsS169925767
Phenakite  (*)PhenakiteBe2(SiO4)169896326
Phosphoferrite  (*)ReddingiteFe2+3(PO4)2·3H2O21521516989531
Phosphosiderite  (*)PhosphosideriteFe3+(PO4)·2H2O215215169897182
Phosphuranylite  (*)PhosphuranyliteKCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4·8H2O215215169897182
Pseudomalachite  (*)NoneCu5(PO4)2(OH)4169931369
Purpurite  (*)OlivineMn3+(PO4)21521516989780
Pyrargyrite  (*)NoneAg3SbS31699321425
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS22152151469893,69896,69897,69902,69904,69905,69912,69915,69922,69924,69925,69933,69934,6993639462
Pyrolusite  (*)RutileMnO21699073106
Pyromorphite  (*)ApatitePb5(PO4)3Cl369922,69925,699301725
Pyrostilpnite  (*)XanthoconiteAg3SbS3269924,6993284
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S8215215469896,69897,69904,699059056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO22152151669891,69895,69896,69897,69898,69902,69903,69904,69905,69913,69916,69919,69925,69930,69932,6993961156
Rockbridgeite  (*)Rockbridgeite(Fe2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe3+3(PO4)3(OH)5215215369895,69897,69904206
Roscherite  (*)RoscheriteCa2Mn2+5Be4(PO4)6(OH)4·6H2O21521516989722
Rutherfordine  (*)None(UO2)(CO3)21521516989758
Sabugalite  (*)NoneHAl(UO2)4(PO4)4·16H2O21521516989787
Saléeite  (*)NoneMg(UO2)2(PO4)2(H2O)1021521516989795
Sarcopside  (*)NoneFe2+3(PO4)2215215369895,69897,6990458
Schorl  (*)TourmalineNaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)215215769895,69896,69897,69898,69902,69904,699052705
Senarmontite  (*)ArsenoliteSb2O3169939179
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)369907,69925,699306417
Sillimanite  (*)Not in a structural groupAl2SiO51699031516
Smithsonite  (*)CalciteZn(CO3)469912,69913,69915,699302473
Spessartine  (*)GarnetMn2+3Al2(SiO4)3215215269895,699051214
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS969891,69912,69913,69915,69924,69925,69928,69930,6993221482
Starkeyite  (*)StarkeyiteMg(SO4)·4H2O16994079
Staurolite  (*)StauroliteFe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH)269900,69942978
Stibnite  (*)StibniteSb2S31699393418
Strunzite  (*)StrunziteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2·6H2O21521516989598
Sulphur  (*)SulphurS1699392045
Switzerite  (*)NoneMn2+3(PO4)2·7H2O215215269895,6989721
Tantalite-(Fe)  (*)ColumbiteFe2+Ta2O6215215269895,6989799
Tapiolite-(Fe)  (*)TapioliteFe2+Ta2O6215215269895,6989788
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S13369924,69930,699325317
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O1699294899
Torbernite  (*)NoneCu(UO2)2(PO4)2·12H2O215215569896,69897,69898,69902,699051059
Triphylite  (*)OlivineLiFe2+(PO4)215215469895,69897,69904,69905313
Uraninite  (*)FluoriteUO2215215569896,69897,69898,69902,699052718
Uranophane-α  (*)NoneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2·5H2O215215169897890
Valentinite  (*)NoneSb2O3169939369
Vanadinite  (*)ApatitePb5(VO4)3Cl269891,69908605
Vivianite  (*)VivianiteFe2+3(PO4)2·8H2O215215469895,69897,69904,69905636
Whitmoreite  (*)ArthuriteFe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2·4H2O16990436
Wolfeite  (*)WagneriteFe2+2(PO4)(OH)215215269895,6989743
Wulfenite  (*)ScheelitePbMoO4669891,69908,69912,69913,69915,699301655
Xanthoxenite  (*)NoneCa4Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2·3H2O21521516989729
Xenotime-(Y)  (*)ZirconY(PO4)215215169897939
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)215215769895,69896,69897,69898,69902,69904,699055251


Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:
Age IDLocality Notes
Giersdorf_00000855All of these pegmatites are hosted by high-grade sillimanite- and garnet-bearing mica schists belonging to the crystalline basement of the Southern Alps. The dikes consist of albite + quartz pegmatite with almandine, schorl, and muscovite as common accessories. These pegmatites can be classified as the beryl-columbite-phosphate subtype in the classification of Černý & Ercit (2005).


1 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Giersdorf_00000855215215215        25826Malpensata Pegmatitic Dyke (Olgiasca-Malpensata; Croce Quarry; Secondi Dyke), Piona Peninsula, Colico, Lecco Province, Lombardy, ItalyMalpensataVignola et al. (2018)10.3749/canmin.1700058TCM56_411The age for the Malpensata pegmatite is from unpublished data, but the source of the data is the very author of the reference in question.

SampleSource LocalityReference URL

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