Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

Locality Name:
Skardu District, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan

Oldest recorded age at locality: 7.7
Youngest recorded age at locality: 3.79

mindat Locality ID: 156271
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-156271.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Skardu District, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan": 51
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 42

Number of Child Localities: 10
Child Localities:
Basha Valley (Basha Nala; Basna)
Braldu Valley
Gharmung Area
Haramosh Mts.
Rondu (Ronda; Mendi)
Satpara
Shigar Valley
Skardu
Skardu Road
Skiu Valley

Latitude: 35°32'3"N
Longitude: 75°30'29"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 35.534166666667,75.508055555556

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Amorphous	Amphibole	Analcime	Apatite	Aragonite	Autunite	Axinite	Beryl	Beryllonite	Brucite
Calcite	Chevkinite	Childrenite	Chlorite	Clay	Clinozoisite	Columbite	Corundum	Epidote	Feldspar
Fluorite	Gadolinite	Garnet	Löllingite	Mica	None	Not in a structural group	Perovskite	Phenakite	Pyrite
Pyrochlore	Pyroxene	Quartz	Rocksalt	Rutile	Scheelite	Serpentine	Smectite-vermiculite	Spinel	Stibnite
Stilbite	Titanite	Topaz	Tourmaline	Triplite	Viitaniemiite	Zircon

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al As B Be Bi C Ca Ce Cs F Fe H K Li Mg Mn Na Nb O P Pb S Sb Si Sn Ta Ti U W Zr

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al Ca O Si

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Amorphous Amphibole Analcime Apatite Aragonite Autunite Axinite Beryl Beryllonite Brucite
Calcite Chevkinite Childrenite Chlorite Clay Clinozoisite Columbite Corundum Epidote Feldspar
Fluorite Gadolinite Garnet Löllingite Mica None Not in a structural group Perovskite Phenakite Pyrite
Pyrochlore Pyroxene Quartz Rocksalt Rutile Scheelite Serpentine Smectite-vermiculite Spinel Stibnite
Stilbite Titanite Topaz Tourmaline Triplite Viitaniemiite Zircon

72 IMA Minerals at location:

Actinolite ()*	Albite ()*	Almandine ()*	Anatase ()*	Aragonite ()*
Autunite ()*	Axinite-(Fe) ()*	Bavenite ()*	Bertrandite ()*	Beryl ()*
Beryllonite ()*	Billwiseite ()*	Brucite ()*	Calcite ()*	Cassiterite ()*
Chamosite ()*	Chevkinite-(Ce) ()*	Columbite-(Fe) ()*	Columbite-(Mn) ()*	Corundum ()*
Diopside ()*	Dolomite ()*	Elbaite ()*	Eosphorite ()*	Epidote ()*
Ferberite ()*	Ferrowodginite ()*	Fluorapatite ()*	Fluorite ()*	Fluornatromicrolite ()*
Galena ()*	Geikielite ()*	Grossular ()*	Hambergite ()*	Hedenbergite ()*
Hematite ()*	Hübnerite ()*	Hydroxylherderite ()*	Ilmenite ()*	Lizardite ()*
Löllingite ()*	Magnetite ()*	Microcline ()*	Montebrasite ()*	Montmorillonite ()*
Muscovite ()*	Opal ()*	Orthoclase ()*	Perovskite ()*	Phenakite ()*
Pollucite ()*	Pyrite ()*	Quartz ()*	Rhodochrosite ()*	Rutile ()*
Scheelite ()*	Schorl ()*	Siderite ()*	Spessartine ()*	Stellerite ()*
Stibiocolumbite ()*	Stibiotantalite ()*	Stibnite ()*	Tantalite-(Mn) ()*	Titanite ()*
Topaz ()*	Tremolite ()*	Triplite ()*	Väyrynenite ()*	Viitaniemiite ()*
Zircon ()*	Zoisite ()*

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite ()*	Amphibole	Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe²⁺_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂			1	95444	3419
Albite ()*	Feldspar	Na(AlSi₃O₈)			27	95414,95417,95418,95421,95422,95425,95427,95428,95430,95431,95434,95436,95437,95438,95439,95440,95447,95449,95450,95451,95452,95453,95454,95455,95458,95459,95460	8803
Almandine ()*	Garnet	Fe²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃			4	95427,95442,95451,95453	2353
Anatase ()*	Not in a structural group	TiO₂			1	95454	2162
Aragonite ()*	Aragonite	Ca(CO₃)			1	95453	3250
Autunite ()*	Autunite	Ca(UO₂)₂(PO₄)₂·10-12H₂O			3	95436,95438,95454	1272
Axinite-(Fe) ()*	Axinite	Ca₄Fe²⁺₂Al₄[B₂Si₈O₃₀](OH)₂			2	95427,95454	260
Bavenite ()*	None	Ca₄Be_2+xAl_2-xSi₉O_26-x(OH)_2+x (x = 0 to 1)			1	95451	255
Bertrandite ()*	Not in a structural group	Be₄Si₂O₇(OH)₂			1	95453	606
Beryl ()*	Beryl	Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈			27	95411,95413,95416,95417,95421,95422,95424,95425,95427,95428,95431,95432,95436,95437,95438,95439,95440,95442,95443,95447,95450,95451,95453,95455,95458,95459,95460	4286
Beryllonite ()*	Beryllonite	NaBe(PO₄)			2	95425,95438	47
Billwiseite ()*	Not in a structural group	Sb³⁺₅Nb₃WO₁₈			1	95453	1
Brucite ()*	Brucite	Mg(OH)₂			1	95461	462
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)			5	95412,95444,95454,95456,95461	27770
Cassiterite ()*	Rutile	SnO₂			2	95451,95453	5171
Chamosite ()*	Chlorite Clay	(Fe²⁺,Mg,Al,Fe³⁺)₆(Si,Al)₄O₁₀(OH,O)₈			1	95454	577
Chevkinite-(Ce) ()*	Chevkinite	Ce₄(Ti,Fe²⁺,Fe³⁺)₅O₈(Si₂O₇)₂			1	95412	89
Columbite-(Fe) ()*	Columbite	Fe²⁺Nb₂O₆			1	95451	518
Columbite-(Mn) ()*	Columbite	Mn²⁺Nb₂O₆			1	95453	289
Corundum ()*	Corundum	Al₂O₃			1	95414	1797
Diopside ()*	Pyroxene	CaMgSi₂O₆			4	95446,95447,95451,95454	4135
Dolomite ()*	None	CaMg(CO₃)₂			3	95444,95454,95461	9895
Elbaite ()*	Tourmaline	Na(Al_1.5Li_1.5)Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH)			7	95425,95436,95447,95450,95451,95453,95459	520
Eosphorite ()*	Childrenite	Mn²⁺Al(PO₄)(OH)₂·H₂O			2	95447,95453	128
Epidote ()*	Epidote Clinozoisite	Ca₂(Al₂Fe³⁺)[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)			3	95444,95448,95454	8173
Ferberite ()*	Columbite	Fe²⁺(WO₄)			1	95451	551
Ferrowodginite ()*	Columbite	Fe²⁺Sn⁴⁺Ta₂O₈			2	95436,95437	16
Fluorapatite ()*	Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F			13	95411,95418,95421,95427,95436,95437,95438,95445,95447,95450,95451,95453,95454	2740
Fluorite ()*	Fluorite	CaF₂			12	95418,95421,95422,95425,95426,95427,95428,95438,95443,95451,95453,95458	9617
Fluornatromicrolite ()*	Pyrochlore	(Na_1.5Bi_0.5)Ta₂O₆F			1	95427	13
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS			1	95427	24243
Geikielite ()*	Corundum	MgTiO₃			1	95461	70
Grossular ()*	Garnet	Ca₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃	7.7	3.79	0		1544
Hambergite ()*	None	Be₂(BO₃)(OH)			4	95445,95450,95451,95453	81
Hedenbergite ()*	Pyroxene	CaFe²⁺Si₂O₆			2	95444,95454	741
Hematite ()*	Corundum	Fe₂O₃			3	95418,95454,95460	14640
Hübnerite ()*	Columbite	Mn²⁺(WO₄)			1	95412	469
Hydroxylherderite ()*	Gadolinite	CaBe(PO₄)(OH)			11	95421,95424,95425,95427,95430,95435,95438,95450,95451,95453,95458	119
Ilmenite ()*	Corundum	Fe²⁺Ti⁴⁺O₃			3	95444,95453,95454	5433
Lizardite ()*	Serpentine Clay	Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄			1	95461	359
Löllingite ()*	Löllingite	FeAs₂			1	95453	762
Magnetite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄			1	95453	14899
Microcline ()*	Feldspar	K(AlSi₃O₈)			16	95412,95414,95421,95422,95425,95427,95428,95436,95438,95440,95447,95450,95451,95453,95455,95459	4924
Montebrasite ()*	None	LiAl(PO₄)(OH)			1	95425	200
Montmorillonite ()*	Clay Smectite-vermiculite	(Na,Ca)_0.3(Al,Mg)₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂·nH₂O			1	95453	1508
Muscovite ()*	Mica Clay	KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂			20	95414,95421,95425,95427,95428,95430,95431,95436,95437,95438,95439,95440,95444,95447,95450,95451,95453,95455,95459,95460	17380
Opal ()*	Amorphous	SiO₂·nH₂O			2	95438,95453	2994
Orthoclase ()*	Feldspar	K(AlSi₃O₈)			3	95411,95418,95427	2349
Perovskite ()*	Perovskite	CaTiO₃			1	95461	495
Phenakite ()*	Phenakite	Be₂(SiO₄)			2	95421,95427	326
Pollucite ()*	Analcime	Cs(Si₂Al)O₆·nH₂O			6	95421,95422,95427,95447,95451,95453	140
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂			2	95427,95453	39462
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂			31	95411,95412,95414,95416,95417,95418,95421,95422,95425,95427,95428,95430,95431,95432,95436,95437,95438,95440,95441,95447,95448,95449,95450,95451,95452,95453,95454,95455,95456,95459,95460	61156
Rhodochrosite ()*	Calcite	Mn(CO₃)			1	95425	1711
Rutile ()*	Rutile	TiO₂	7.7	3.79	4	95412,95415,95444,95454	5614
Scheelite ()*	Scheelite	Ca(WO₄)			2	95441,95454	4894
Schorl ()*	Tourmaline	NaFe²⁺₃Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH)	7.7	3.79	24	95411,95414,95415,95417,95418,95421,95422,95427,95428,95431,95436,95437,95438,95439,95440,95447,95448,95450,95451,95453,95455,95458,95459,95460	2705
Siderite ()*	Calcite	Fe(CO₃)	7.7	3.79	3	95415,95444,95454	6417
Spessartine ()*	Garnet	Mn²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃			10	95418,95427,95435,95438,95440,95443,95449,95451,95453,95459	1214
Stellerite ()*	Stilbite	Ca₄(Si₂₈Al₈)O₇₂·28H₂O			1	95427	189
Stibiocolumbite ()*	None	SbNbO₄			1	95453	13
Stibiotantalite ()*	None	Sb³⁺TaO₄			2	95451,95453	53
Stibnite ()*	Stibnite	Sb₂S₃			1	95417	3418
Tantalite-(Mn) ()*	Columbite	Mn²⁺Ta₂O₆			5	95425,95427,95451,95453,95458	211
Titanite ()*	Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O			8	95411,95412,95427,95442,95444,95448,95451,95454	4899
Topaz ()*	Topaz	Al₂SiO₄F₂			24	95414,95417,95419,95421,95422,95424,95425,95427,95428,95430,95432,95433,95436,95438,95443,95444,95447,95450,95451,95452,95453,95454,95458,95459	1476
Tremolite ()*	Amphibole	Ca₂(Mg_5.0-4.5Fe²⁺_0.0-0.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂			1	95418	2562
Triplite ()*	Triplite	Mn²⁺₂(PO₄)F			2	95429,95459	233
Väyrynenite ()*	None	BeMn²⁺(PO₄)(OH)			2	95436,95451	15
Viitaniemiite ()*	Viitaniemiite	NaCaAl(PO₄)F₃			1	95427	12
Zircon ()*	Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)			2	95436,95453	5251
Zoisite ()*	Epidote	Ca₂Al₃[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)			1	95454	1025

Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:

Age ID	Locality Notes
Giersdorf_00000286	Sample collected close to the village of Hemasil, adjacent to the Chutrun mountains
Giersdorf_00000287	Sample collected close to the village of Hemasil, adjacent to the Chutrun mountains
Giersdorf_00000288	Sample collected close to the village of Hemasil, adjacent to the Chutrun mountains

3 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Sample Num	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID
Giersdorf_00000286	7.7	4	7.7-4	Ca/K	Age sets a maximum constraint on the age of peak volcanism in the area to no more than 9 Ma	TK505	156936	Chutran (Chu Tron), Basha Valley (Basha Nala; Basna), Skardu District, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan	Chutrun	Villa et al. (1996)	10.1016/0040-1951(96)00086-8	T260_201
Giersdorf_00000287	4.17	3.81	3.99±0.18	Ar-Ar	Age sets a maximum constraint on the age of peak volcanism in the area to no more than 9 Ma	TK505	156936	Chutran (Chu Tron), Basha Valley (Basha Nala; Basna), Skardu District, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan	Chutrun	Villa et al. (1996)	10.1016/0040-1951(96)00086-8	T260_201
Giersdorf_00000288	4.05	3.79	3.92±0.13	Ar-Ar		TK506	156936	Chutran (Chu Tron), Basha Valley (Basha Nala; Basna), Skardu District, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan	Chutrun	Villa et al. (1996)	10.1016/0040-1951(96)00086-8	T260_201

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL
R090015	Basha Valley (Basha Nala; Basna), Skardu District, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan	https://rruff.info/R090015
R060282	Arondu (Arundu; Arandu), Basha Valley (Basha Nala; Basna), Skardu District, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan	https://rruff.info/R060282
R060419	Arondu (Arundu; Arandu), Basha Valley (Basha Nala; Basna), Skardu District, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan	https://rruff.info/R060419
R070145	Niaslo (Nieosla; Niesolo), Basha Valley (Basha Nala; Basna), Skardu District, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan	https://rruff.info/R070145
R070645	Shah Nassir Peak, Nyet (Niit; Niyit; Niyil), Braldu Valley, Skardu District, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan	https://rruff.info/R070645
R050599	Shengus (Shingus), Haramosh Mts., Skardu District, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan	https://rruff.info/R050599
R050600	Shengus (Shingus), Haramosh Mts., Skardu District, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan	https://rruff.info/R050600
R050590	Shengus (Shingus), Haramosh Mts., Skardu District, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan	https://rruff.info/R050590
R130070	Stak Nala, Haramosh Mts., Skardu District, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan	https://rruff.info/R130070

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...