Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Ramsbeck, Meschede, Sauerland, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany

Oldest recorded age at locality: 372
Youngest recorded age at locality: 217

mindat Locality ID: 16063
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-16063.html

Tectonic Settings: Continental Extension

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Ramsbeck, Meschede, Sauerland, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany": 10
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 9

Number of Child Localities: 9
Child Localities:
Alexander Mine
Aurora Mine
Bastenberg Mine
Dörnberg Mine
Gustav Adit
Juno Mine
Pluto Mine
Rühlborn
Willibald Mine

Latitude: 51°18'57"N
Longitude: 8°24'41"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 51.315833333333,8.4113888888889
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au Ba C Ca Cd Cl Co Cu F Fe H Hg K Mg Mn N Na Ni O P Pb S Sb Si Sr Ti Zn Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Ag Al As Au Ba C Ca Cd Cl Co Cu Fe H Hg K Mg Mn Na Ni O P Pb S Sb Si Sr Ti Zn Zr 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AcanthiteAjoiteAllophaneAlumohydrocalciteAluniteAndalusiteApatiteAragoniteArsenoliteArsenopyrite
BaryteBournoniteBrochantiteBrookiteCalciteCaledoniteChalcanthiteChalcophylliteChalcopyriteChalcostibite
CheniteClayConnelliteCopiapiteCopperCorundumCovelliteCubaniteDevillineDiaspore
DundasiteGypsumHydrotalciteKaoliniteKtenasiteLöllingiteLepidocrociteLinariteLindackeriteMalachite
MarcasiteMelanteriteMicaMilleriteMiniumNickelineNoneNot in a structural groupPalmieritePerovskite
PolybasitePyritePyrochloreQuartzRocksaltRutileRömeriteSerpentineSkutteruditeSpangolite
SphaleriteSpinelStarkeyiteSulphurTetrahedriteUllmanniteVivianiteWoodwarditeWurtziteZircon

140 IMA Minerals at location:
Acanthite  (*)Adamite  (*)Ajoite  (*)Allophane  (*)Alumohydrocalcite  (*)
Anatase  (*)Anglesite  (*)Ankerite  (*)Annabergite  (*)Aragonite  (*)
Arsenolite  (*)Arsenopyrite  (*)Aurichalcite  (*)Azurite  (*)Baryte  (*)
Beudantite  (*)Bindheimite  (*)Bonattite  (*)Bornite  (*)Bottinoite  (*)
Boulangerite  (*)Bournonite  (*)Breithauptite  (*)Brianyoungite  (*)Brochantite  (*)
Brookite  (*)Calcite  (*)Caledonite  (*)Cerussite  (*)Chalcanthite  (*)
Chalcocite  (*)Chalconatronite  (*)Chalcophanite  (*)Chalcophyllite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)
Chalcostibite  (*)Chenite  (*)Chrysocolla  (*)Cinnabar  (*)Connellite  (*)
Copper  (*)Corkite  (*)Covellite  (*)Cuprite  (*)Devilline  (*)
Dickite  (*)Dolomite  (*)Dundasite  (*)Elyite  (*)Erythrite  (*)
Ferrarisite  (*)Ferricopiapite  (*)Ferrinatrite  (*)Fluorapatite  (*)Fraipontite  (*)
Galena  (*)Gerhardtite  (*)Goethite  (*)Gold  (*)Graphite  (*)
Greenockite  (*)Gypsum  (*)Hematite  (*)Hemimorphite  (*)Hidalgoite  (*)
Hörnesite  (*)Hydrozincite  (*)Ilmenite  (*)Imiterite  (*)Jarosite  (*)
Kaolinite  (*)Köttigite  (*)Ktenasite  (*)Langite  (*)Leadhillite  (*)
Lepidocrocite  (*)Linarite  (*)Linnaeite  (*)Magnetite  (*)Malachite  (*)
Marcasite  (*)Melanterite  (*)Millerite  (*)Mimetite  (*)Minium  (*)
Monohydrocalcite  (*)Muscovite  (*)Namuwite  (*)Nickeline  (*)Nickelskutterudite  (*)
Olivenite  (*)Orthoserpierite  (*)Palmierite  (*)Gersdorffite-Pa3  (*)Parasymplesite  (*)
Plagionite  (*)Plumbojarosite  (*)Polybasite  (*)Polydymite  (*)Posnjakite  (*)
Proustite  (*)Pyrargyrite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Pyrolusite  (*)Pyromorphite  (*)
Pyrrhotite  (*)Quartz  (*)Rammelsbergite  (*)Ramsbeckite  (*)Realgar  (*)
Redgillite  (*)Retgersite  (*)Richelsdorfite  (*)Römerite  (*)Rosasite  (*)
Rozenite  (*)Rutile  (*)Schulenbergite  (*)Schultenite  (*)Scorodite  (*)
Semseyite  (*)Serpierite  (*)Siderite  (*)Silver  (*)Smithsonite  (*)
Spangolite  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Stephanite  (*)Sternbergite  (*)Stibiconite  (*)
Sulphur  (*)Susannite  (*)Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)Todorokite  (*)Ullmannite  (*)
Valentinite  (*)Vivianite  (*)Woodwardite  (*)Wroewolfeite  (*)Zircon  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Acanthite  (*)AcanthiteAg2S37221702793
Adamite  (*)AndalusiteZn2(AsO4)(OH)3722170254
Ajoite  (*)AjoiteK3Cu2+20Al3Si29O76(OH)16·8H2O372217011
Allophane  (*)AllophaneAl2O3(SiO2)1.3-2.0·2.5-3.0H2O3722170470
Alumohydrocalcite  (*)AlumohydrocalciteCaAl2(CO3)2(OH)4·4H2O372217046
Anatase  (*)Not in a structural groupTiO23722171606282162
Anglesite  (*)BarytePb(SO4)372217260622,606232734
Ankerite  (*)NoneCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)237221703092
Annabergite  (*)VivianiteNi3(AsO4)2·8H2O372217160623445
Aragonite  (*)AragoniteCa(CO3)3722171606203250
Arsenolite  (*)ArsenoliteAs2O3372217160623231
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS3722171606239052
Aurichalcite  (*)None(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6372217160623919
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)237221705509
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)372217011547
Beudantite  (*)AlunitePbFe3+3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)63722170413
Bindheimite  (*)PyrochlorePb2Sb5+2O73722170450
Bonattite  (*)NoneCu(SO4)·3H2O37221716062221
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS437221705516
Bottinoite  (*)NoneNiSb5+2(OH)12·6H2O37221716062316
Boulangerite  (*)NonePb5Sb4S11372217460621,60622,60623,60629843
Bournonite  (*)BournoniteCuPbSbS3372217360621,60622,606231089
Breithauptite  (*)NickelineNiSb3722170175
Brianyoungite  (*)NoneZn3(CO3)(OH)4372217260620,6062279
Brochantite  (*)BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6372217260622,606241633
Brookite  (*)BrookiteTiO2372217160628700
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)372217360620,60623,6062827770
Caledonite  (*)CaledoniteCu2Pb5(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6372217160622359
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)372217460620,60622,60623,606254979
Chalcanthite  (*)ChalcanthiteCu(SO4)·5H2O3722170925
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S37221705707
Chalconatronite  (*)NoneNa2Cu(CO3)2·3H2O372217260620,6062223
Chalcophanite  (*)NoneZnMn4+3O7·3H2O3722170197
Chalcophyllite  (*)ChalcophylliteCu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24·36H2O372217160622194
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS2372217260622,6062327198
Chalcostibite  (*)ChalcostibiteCuSbS23722170162
Chenite  (*)CheniteCuPb4(SO4)2(OH)637221716062040
Chrysocolla  (*)Allophane(Cu2-xAlx)H2-xSi2O5(OH)4·nH2O37221703531
Cinnabar  (*)NoneHgS37221702600
Connellite  (*)ConnelliteCu36(SO4)(OH)62Cl8·6H2O3722170295
Copper  (*)CopperCu3722171606223846
Corkite  (*)AlunitePbFe3+3(SO4)(PO4)(OH)63722170151
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS37221704165
Cuprite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2O37221702970
Devilline  (*)DevillineCaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6·3H2O372217160620366
Dickite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)43722170651
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)2372217260623,606299895
Dundasite  (*)DundasitePbAl2(CO3)2(OH)4·H2O372217097
Elyite  (*)NoneCuPb4(SO4)O2(OH)4·H2O372217085
Erythrite  (*)VivianiteCo3(AsO4)2·8H2O3722170814
Ferrarisite  (*)LindackeriteCa5(AsO3OH)2(AsO4)2·9H2O0016062311
Ferricopiapite  (*)CopiapiteFe3+0.67Fe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2·20H2O372217041
Ferrinatrite  (*)NoneNa3Fe3+(SO4)3·3H2O372217025
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F3722171606232740
Fraipontite  (*)Clay Serpentine(Zn,Al)3(Si,Al)2O5(OH)437221716062449
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS372217460621,60622,60623,6062924243
Gerhardtite  (*)NoneCu2(NO3)(OH)337221716062224
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)3722171606227437
Gold  (*)CopperAu372217030554
Graphite  (*)NoneC37221702812
Greenockite  (*)WurtziteCdS3722170717
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O372217260620,606246890
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O3372217014640
Hemimorphite  (*)Not in a structural groupZn4(Si2O7)(OH)2·H2O372217360620,60622,606231689
Hidalgoite  (*)AlunitePbAl3(SO4)(AsO4)(OH)6372217057
Hörnesite  (*)VivianiteMg3(AsO4)2·8H2O3722170103
Hydrozincite  (*)NoneZn5(CO3)2(OH)637221701066
Ilmenite  (*)CorundumFe2+Ti4+O33722171606285433
Imiterite  (*)NoneAg2HgS2372217260620,6062317
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)637221702228
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)437221705591
Köttigite  (*)VivianiteZn3(AsO4)2·8H2O372217060
Ktenasite  (*)Ktenasite DevillineZnCu4(SO4)2(OH)6·6H2O372217075
Langite  (*)NoneCu4(SO4)(OH)6·2H2O372217260622,60623593
Leadhillite  (*)NonePb4(SO4)(CO3)2(OH)2372217160622265
Lepidocrocite  (*)LepidocrociteFe3+O(OH)3722170581
Linarite  (*)LinariteCuPb(SO4)(OH)2372217360620,60622,60623987
Linnaeite  (*)SpinelCo2+Co3+2S43722170249
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O4372217014899
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)237221716062212537
Marcasite  (*)MarcasiteFeS2372217260623,606255674
Melanterite  (*)MelanteriteFe(SO4)·7H2O3722170915
Millerite  (*)MilleriteNiS372217360622,60623,606291066
Mimetite  (*)ApatitePb5(AsO4)3Cl37221701107
Minium  (*)MiniumPb2+2Pb4+O43722170247
Monohydrocalcite  (*)NoneCa(CO3)·H2O372217055
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)2372217017380
Namuwite  (*)KtenasiteZn4(SO4)(OH)6·4H2O372217260620,6062258
Nickeline  (*)NickelineNiAs3722170633
Nickelskutterudite  (*)Skutterudite Perovskite(Ni,Co,Fe)As33722170176
Olivenite  (*)AndalusiteCu2(AsO4)(OH)3722170492
Orthoserpierite  (*)NoneCaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6·3H2O37221716062240
Palmierite  (*)PalmieriteK2Pb(SO4)23722171606228
Gersdorffite-Pa3  (*)PyriteNiAsS372217160620767
Parasymplesite  (*)VivianiteFe2+3(AsO4)2·8H2O3722170124
Plagionite  (*)NonePb5Sb8S173722170100
Plumbojarosite  (*)AlunitePb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6372217160622477
Polybasite  (*)Polybasite[Ag9CuS4][(Ag,Cu)6(Sb,As)2S7]3722170716
Polydymite  (*)SpinelNi2+Ni3+2S43722170131
Posnjakite  (*)NoneCu4(SO4)(OH)6·H2O372217160622309
Proustite  (*)NoneAg3AsS33722170733
Pyrargyrite  (*)NoneAg3SbS337221701425
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS2372217360620,60621,6062339462
Pyrolusite  (*)RutileMnO237221703106
Pyromorphite  (*)ApatitePb5(PO4)3Cl372217460620,60622,60623,606291725
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S837221709056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO2372217760620,60621,60622,60623,60625,60626,6062861156
Rammelsbergite  (*)LöllingiteNiAs23722170233
Ramsbeckite  (*)NoneCu15(SO4)4(OH)22·6H2O37221716062268
Realgar  (*)NoneAsS3722170712
Redgillite  (*)NoneCu6(SO4)(OH)10·H2O372217360620,60622,6062545
Retgersite  (*)NoneNi(SO4)·6H2O372217055
Richelsdorfite  (*)NoneCa2Cu5Sb5+(AsO4)4(OH)6Cl·6H2O372217057
Römerite  (*)RömeriteFe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4·14H2O3722170115
Rosasite  (*)MalachiteCuZn(CO3)(OH)2372217360620,60622,60623454
Rozenite  (*)StarkeyiteFe2+(SO4)·4H2O3722170293
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO237221705614
Schulenbergite  (*)Ktenasite(Cu,Zn)7(SO4)2(OH)10·3H2O372217360620,60622,60623142
Schultenite  (*)NonePb(AsO3OH)372217030
Scorodite  (*)NoneFe3+(AsO4)·2H2O3722171606201153
Semseyite  (*)NonePb9Sb8S21372217260621,60623165
Serpierite  (*)DevillineCa(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6·3H2O372217260620,60624292
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)372217360621,60622,606236417
Silver  (*)CopperAg37221705186
Smithsonite  (*)CalciteZn(CO3)3722171606222473
Spangolite  (*)SpangoliteCu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl·3H2O372217260620,60622105
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS372217460621,60622,60623,6062921482
Stephanite  (*)NoneAg5SbS43722170586
Sternbergite  (*)CubaniteAgFe2S3372217062
Stibiconite  (*)PyrochloreSb3+Sb5+2O6(OH)372217160623446
Sulphur  (*)SulphurS3722171606232045
Susannite  (*)NonePb4(SO4)(CO3)2(OH)237221716062299
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S13372217260621,606235317
Todorokite  (*)None(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12·3-4H2O3722170433
Ullmannite  (*)UllmanniteNiSbS372217260621,60623293
Valentinite  (*)NoneSb2O3372217160620369
Vivianite  (*)VivianiteFe2+3(PO4)2·8H2O3722170636
Woodwardite  (*)Woodwardite Hydrotalcite(Cu1-xAlx)(SO4)x/2(OH)2·nH2O (x < 0.5, n < 3x/2)372217057
Wroewolfeite  (*)NoneCu4(SO4)(OH)6·2H2O37221716062295
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)37221705251


6 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Co-00071275235255U-Th-Pb      Co, Ni, Cu, Hg16063Ramsbeck, Meschede, Sauerland, North Rhine-Westphalia, GermanyRamsbeck II-BleialfBielicki and Tischendorf (1991)10.1007/BF00321987CMP106_440 
Co-00072289217253U-Pb      Co, Ni, Cu, Hg16063Ramsbeck, Meschede, Sauerland, North Rhine-Westphalia, GermanyRamsbeck II-BleialfBielicki and Tischendorf (1991)10.1007/BF00321987CMP106_440 
Co-00073372352362U-Th-Pb      Co, Ni, Cu, Hg16063Ramsbeck, Meschede, Sauerland, North Rhine-Westphalia, GermanyRamsbeck I-HolzappelBielicki and Tischendorf (1991)10.1007/BF00321987CMP106_440 
Co-00074367313340U-Pb      Co, Ni, Cu, Hg16063Ramsbeck, Meschede, Sauerland, North Rhine-Westphalia, GermanyRamsbeck I-HolzappelBielicki and Tischendorf (1991)10.1007/BF00321987CMP106_440 
Ni-00003372352362U-Th-Pb    Yes Ni, Cu34250Holzappel Mine, Holzappel, Laurenburg, Diez, Rhein-Lahn-Kreis, Rhineland-Palatinate, GermanyRamsbeck I-HolzappelBielicki and Tischendorf (1991)10.1007/BF00321987CMP106_440 
Ni-00004367313340U-Pb    Yes Ni, Cu34250Holzappel Mine, Holzappel, Laurenburg, Diez, Rhein-Lahn-Kreis, Rhineland-Palatinate, GermanyRamsbeck I-HolzappelBielicki and Tischendorf (1991)10.1007/BF00321987CMP106_440 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL
R060263Dörnberg Mine, Ramsbeck, Meschede, Sauerland, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germanyhttps://rruff.info/R060263

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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