Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Orivesi, Pirkanmaa, Finland

Oldest recorded age at locality: 1906
Youngest recorded age at locality: 1776

mindat Locality ID: 16490
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-16490.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Orivesi, Pirkanmaa, Finland": 15
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 13

Number of Child Localities: 2
Child Localities:
Eräjärvi Area
Kutemajärvi Mine

Latitude: 61°34'37"N
Longitude: 24°33'28"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 61.576944444444,24.557777777778
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au B Be Bi C Ca Ce Cl Cs Cu F Fe Ge H Hg K Li Mg Mn Mo Na Nb Ni O P Pb S Sb Se Si Sn Ta Te Th Ti U Zn Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AlluauditeAluniteAmphiboleAnalcimeAndalusiteApatiteArsenicArseniosideriteArsenolampriteArsenolite
ArsenopyriteBaryteBerylBerylloniteBournoniteBranneriteCalciteChalcopyriteChildreniteChlorite
ClayColumbiteCopperCorundumCubaniteDanburiteDiasporeFairfielditeFeldsparFluorite
GadoliniteGarnetGermaniteGraftoniteHureauliteJahnsiteKaoliniteLöllingiteLaueiteLazulite
MalachiteMarcasiteMeloniteMeneghiniteMicaMolybdeniteMonaziteNickelineNoneNot in a structural group
OlivinePhosphosideritePyritePyrochlorePyrophyllitePyroxeneQuartzReddingiteRockbridgeiteRocksalt
RutileSmectite-vermiculiteSphaleriteSpinelStibniteStrunziteSymplesiteTapioliteTetradymiteTetrahedrite
TitaniteTopazTourmalineTripliteViitaniemiiteVivianiteWarditeWurtziteZircon

152 IMA Minerals at location:
Albite  (*)Alluaudite  (*)Almandine  (*)Altaite  (*)Amblygonite  (*)
Analcime  (*)Anatase  (*)Andalusite  (*)Anglesite  (*)Antimony  (*)
Arsenopyrite  (*)Augelite  (*)Aurostibite  (*)Azurite  (*)Bertrandite  (*)
Beryl  (*)Beryllonite  (*)Beusite  (*)Bismuth  (*)Bityite  (*)
Boulangerite  (*)Bournonite  (*)Brannerite  (*)Brazilianite  (*)Calaverite  (*)
Calcite  (*)Cassiterite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)Cheralite  (*)Clausthalite  (*)
Coloradoite  (*)Columbite-(Fe)  (*)Columbite-(Mn)  (*)Cookeite  (*)Copper  (*)
Crandallite  (*)Cubanite  (*)Diaspore  (*)Dravite  (*)Elbaite  (*)
Eosphorite  (*)Ernstite  (*)Fairfieldite  (*)Ferro-gedrite  (*)Fluorapatite  (*)
Fluorcalciomicrolite  (*)Fluorite  (*)Fluornatromicrolite  (*)Frohbergite  (*)Frondelite  (*)
Galena  (*)Germanite  (*)Goethite  (*)Gold  (*)Graphite  (*)
Hematite  (*)Herzenbergite  (*)Hessite  (*)Hureaulite  (*)Hurlbutite  (*)
Hydroxycalciomicrolite  (*)Hydroxylapatite  (*)Hydroxylherderite  (*)Ixiolite  (*)Jahnsite-(CaMnFe)  (*)
Jamesonite  (*)Kaolinite  (*)Kermesite  (*)Kostovite  (*)Krennerite  (*)
Lacroixite  (*)Laueite  (*)Lazulite  (*)Lead  (*)Lithiophilite  (*)
Löllingite  (*)Magnetite  (*)Malachite  (*)Marcasite  (*)Margarite  (*)
Melonite  (*)Meneghinite  (*)Messelite  (*)Metaswitzerite  (*)Metavivianite  (*)
Microcline  (*)Mimetite  (*)Mitridatite  (*)Molybdenite  (*)Monazite-(Ce)  (*)
Montbrayite  (*)Montebrasite  (*)Montmorillonite  (*)Moraesite  (*)Morinite  (*)
Muscovite  (*)Nontronite  (*)Orthoclase  (*)Petzite  (*)Phosphosiderite  (*)
Pollucite  (*)Purpurite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Pyrophyllite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)
Quartz  (*)Reddingite  (*)Rhodochrosite  (*)Rockbridgeite  (*)Rucklidgeite  (*)
Rutile  (*)Schorl  (*)Scorodite  (*)Senarmontite  (*)Sicklerite  (*)
Siderite  (*)Sillimanite  (*)Silver  (*)Spessartine  (*)Sphalerite  (*)
Spodumene  (*)Stibiconite  (*)Stibnite  (*)Strengite  (*)Strunzite  (*)
Switzerite  (*)Sylvanite  (*)Tantalite-(Fe)  (*)Tantalite-(Mn)  (*)Tapiolite-(Fe)  (*)
Tapiolite-(Mn)  (*)Tellurantimony  (*)Tellurium  (*)Tellurobismuthite  (*)Tetradymite  (*)
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)Thorianite  (*)Thorite  (*)Topaz  (*)Trilithionite  (*)
Triphylite  (*)Triplite  (*)Uraninite  (*)Valentinite  (*)Varulite  (*)
Väyrynenite  (*)Viitaniemiite  (*)Vivianite  (*)Volynskite  (*)Wardite  (*)
Wodginite  (*)Zircon  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)18001800250021,500258803
Alluaudite  (*)Alluaudite   NaMnFe3+2(PO4)31800180015002194
Almandine  (*)GarnetFe2+3Al2(SiO4)3180018001500252353
Altaite  (*)RocksaltPbTe18931883150026489
Amblygonite  (*)NoneLiAl(PO4)F18001800150025244
Analcime  (*)AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6)·H2O180018001500251627
Anatase  (*)Not in a structural groupTiO2180018001500252162
Andalusite  (*)AndalusiteAl2SiO5190618481500261310
Anglesite  (*)BarytePb(SO4)180018001500252734
Antimony  (*)ArsenicSb19061800350024,50025,50026363
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS19061800850014,50016,50017,50018,50019,50021,50025,500269052
Augelite  (*)NoneAl2(PO4)(OH)31800180015002579
Aurostibite  (*)PyriteAuSb21893188315002673
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)2180018001500255509
Bertrandite  (*)Not in a structural groupBe4Si2O7(OH)218001800650017,50018,50021,50022,50023,50025606
Beryl  (*)BerylBe3Al2Si6O18180018001050014,50015,50016,50017,50018,50020,50021,50022,50023,500254286
Beryllonite  (*)BerylloniteNaBe(PO4)1800180015002547
Beusite  (*)GraftoniteMn2+Mn2+2(PO4)21800180015001639
Bismuth  (*)ArsenicBi19061800350019,50025,500261966
Bityite  (*)Mica ClayCaLiAl2(Si2BeAl)O10(OH)21800180015002131
Boulangerite  (*)NonePb5Sb4S1119061848150026843
Bournonite  (*)BournoniteCuPbSbS3190618481500261089
Brannerite  (*)BranneriteUTi2O619061848150026248
Brazilianite  (*)Not in a structural groupNaAl3(PO4)2(OH)41800180015002559
Calaverite  (*)MeloniteAuTe218931883150026361
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)1800180015002527770
Cassiterite  (*)RutileSnO2180018001050014,50015,50017,50018,50020,50021,50022,50023,50024,500255171
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS219061800550014,50017,50019,50025,5002627198
Cheralite  (*)MonaziteCaTh(PO4)21800180015002550
Clausthalite  (*)RocksaltPbSe19061848150026281
Coloradoite  (*)SphaleriteHgTe18931883150026169
Columbite-(Fe)  (*)ColumbiteFe2+Nb2O618001800750014,50015,50017,50020,50022,50023,50025518
Columbite-(Mn)  (*)ColumbiteMn2+Nb2O618001800750014,50015,50017,50020,50022,50023,50025289
Cookeite  (*)Chlorite Clay(Al,Li)3Al2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)818001800250021,50025181
Copper  (*)CopperCu190618481500263846
Crandallite  (*)AluniteCaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)618001800150025310
Cubanite  (*)Cubanite WurtziteCuFe2S319061848150026802
Diaspore  (*)DiasporeAlO(OH)19061848150026481
Dravite  (*)TourmalineNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)18001800150025648
Elbaite  (*)TourmalineNa(Al1.5Li1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)18001800450020,50021,50023,50025520
Eosphorite  (*)ChildreniteMn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2·H2O18001800150025128
Ernstite  (*)Childrenite(Mn2+,Fe3+)Al(PO4)(OH,O)2180018001500257
Fairfieldite  (*)FairfielditeCa2Mn2+(PO4)2·2H2O18001800250021,5002572
Ferro-gedrite  (*)Amphibole   Fe2+2(Fe2+3Al2)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)21906184815002611
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F18001800350016,50021,500252740
Fluorcalciomicrolite  (*)Pyrochlore(Ca,Na,   )2Ta2O6F1800180015002513
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF219061800350018,50025,500269617
Fluornatromicrolite  (*)Pyrochlore(Na1.5Bi0.5)Ta2O6F1800180015002513
Frohbergite  (*)MarcasiteFeTe21893188315002640
Frondelite  (*)Rockbridgeite(Mn2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe3+3(PO4)3(OH)518001800250021,5002552
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS18931800350017,50025,5002624243
Germanite  (*)Germanite SphaleriteCu13Fe2Ge2S161800180015002533
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)180018001500257437
Gold  (*)CopperAu18931800250019,5002630554
Graphite  (*)NoneC18001800250017,500252812
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O31906184815002614640
Herzenbergite  (*)ArsenolampriteSnS1800180015002535
Hessite  (*)NoneAg2Te18931883150026804
Hureaulite  (*)HureauliteMn2+5(PO3OH)2(PO4)2·4H2O18001800350018,50021,50025125
Hurlbutite  (*)DanburiteCaBe2(PO4)21800180015002514
Hydroxycalciomicrolite  (*)PyrochloreCa1.5Ta2O6(OH)1800180015002510
Hydroxylapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3OH18001800150025367
Hydroxylherderite  (*)GadoliniteCaBe(PO4)(OH)18001800150025119
Ixiolite  (*)Columbite(Ta2/3Mn2+1/3)O218001800450017,50020,50022,50023148
Jahnsite-(CaMnFe)  (*)JahnsiteCaMn2+Fe2+2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2·8H2O1800180015002527
Jamesonite  (*)NonePb4FeSb6S1418001800150025784
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)419061800450018,50021,50025,500265591
Kermesite  (*)NoneSb2OS218001800150025230
Kostovite  (*)NoneAuCuTe41893188315002621
Krennerite  (*)NoneAu3AgTe818931883150026111
Lacroixite  (*)TitaniteNaAl(PO4)F1800180015002522
Laueite  (*)LaueiteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2·8H2O1800180015002570
Lazulite  (*)LazuliteMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)219061848150026232
Lead  (*)CopperPb19061848150026192
Lithiophilite  (*)OlivineLiMn2+(PO4)18001800350020,50021,50025155
Löllingite  (*)LöllingiteFeAs218001800450017,50018,50019,50025762
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O419061800250025,5002614899
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)21800180015002512537
Marcasite  (*)MarcasiteFeS218001800250017,500255674
Margarite  (*)Mica ClayCaAl2Si2Al2O10(OH)218001800150017168
Melonite  (*)MeloniteNiTe218931883150026207
Meneghinite  (*)MeneghinitePb13CuSb7S2419061848150026158
Messelite  (*)FairfielditeCa2Fe2+(PO4)2·2H2O1800180015002543
Metaswitzerite  (*)NoneMn2+3(PO4)2·4H2O1800180015002522
Metavivianite  (*)SymplesiteFe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2·6H2O18001800250018,5002526
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)18001800450016,50018,50021,500254924
Mimetite  (*)ApatitePb5(AsO4)3Cl180018001500251107
Mitridatite  (*)ArseniosideriteCa2Fe3+3O2(PO4)3·3H2O18001800150025129
Molybdenite  (*)MolybdeniteMoS218001800350014,50017,500255800
Monazite-(Ce)  (*)MonaziteCe(PO4)18001800250017,50025945
Montbrayite  (*)None(Au,Ag,Sb,Bi,Pb)23(Te,Sb,Bi,Pb)381893188315002619
Montebrasite  (*)NoneLiAl(PO4)(OH)18001800250018,50025200
Montmorillonite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculite(Na,Ca)0.3(Al,Mg)2Si4O10(OH)2·nH2O180018001500251508
Moraesite  (*)NoneBe2(PO4)(OH)·4H2O1800180015002535
Morinite  (*)NoneNaCa2Al2(PO4)2(OH)F4·2H2O1800180015002522
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)219061800750014,50016,50017,50018,50021,50025,5002617380
Nontronite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculiteNa0.3Fe3+2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2·nH2O18001800150025471
Orthoclase  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)180018001500252349
Petzite  (*)NoneAg3AuTe218931883150026409
Phosphosiderite  (*)PhosphosideriteFe3+(PO4)·2H2O18001800150025182
Pollucite  (*)AnalcimeCs(Si2Al)O6·nH2O18001800150025140
Purpurite  (*)OlivineMn3+(PO4)1800180015002580
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS219061800650014,50017,50018,50019,50025,5002639462
Pyrophyllite  (*)Clay PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)219061848150026771
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S819061800450017,50019,50025,500269056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO219061800750014,50016,50018,50019,50021,50025,5002661156
Reddingite  (*)ReddingiteMn2+3(PO4)2·3H2O18001800250018,5002524
Rhodochrosite  (*)CalciteMn(CO3)180018001500251711
Rockbridgeite  (*)Rockbridgeite(Fe2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe3+3(PO4)3(OH)518001800150025206
Rucklidgeite  (*)TetradymitePbBi2Te41893188315002664
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO219061800250025,500265614
Schorl  (*)TourmalineNaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)18001800950014,50015,50016,50017,50020,50021,50022,50023,500252705
Scorodite  (*)NoneFe3+(AsO4)·2H2O18001800250018,500251153
Senarmontite  (*)ArsenoliteSb2O318001800150025179
Sicklerite  (*)OlivineLiMn2+(PO4)1800180015002566
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)18001800250018,500256417
Sillimanite  (*)Not in a structural groupAl2SiO5190618481500261516
Silver  (*)CopperAg19061800250019,500265186
Spessartine  (*)GarnetMn2+3Al2(SiO4)3180018001500251214
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS19061800550014,50017,50018,50025,5002621482
Spodumene  (*)PyroxeneLiAlSi2O618001800250018,50021688
Stibiconite  (*)PyrochloreSb3+Sb5+2O6(OH)18001800150025446
Stibnite  (*)StibniteSb2S3180018001500253418
Strengite  (*)NoneFe3+(PO4)·2H2O18001800150025263
Strunzite  (*)StrunziteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2·6H2O1800180015002598
Switzerite  (*)NoneMn2+3(PO4)2·7H2O18001800350018,50021,5002521
Sylvanite  (*)MeloniteAgAuTe418931883150026337
Tantalite-(Fe)  (*)ColumbiteFe2+Ta2O618001800450014,50015,50020,5002399
Tantalite-(Mn)  (*)ColumbiteMn2+Ta2O618001800250020,50025211
Tapiolite-(Fe)  (*)TapioliteFe2+Ta2O618001800450020,50023,50024,5002588
Tapiolite-(Mn)  (*)TapioliteMn2+Ta2O6180018001500242
Tellurantimony  (*)TetradymiteSb2Te31893188315002629
Tellurium  (*)NoneTe18931883150026190
Tellurobismuthite  (*)TetradymiteBi2Te318931800250019,50026276
Tetradymite  (*)TetradymiteBi2Te2S18931883150026510
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S1319061800250025,500265317
Thorianite  (*)FluoriteThO218001800150025236
Thorite  (*)ZirconTh(SiO4)180018001500251006
Topaz  (*)TopazAl2SiO4F219061800450017,50023,50025,500261476
Trilithionite  (*)MicaKLi1.5Al1.5(Si3Al)O10F21800180015002528
Triphylite  (*)OlivineLiFe2+(PO4)18001800450015,50020,50023,50025313
Triplite  (*)TripliteMn2+2(PO4)F18001800150025233
Uraninite  (*)FluoriteUO218001800250014,500252718
Valentinite  (*)NoneSb2O318001800150025369
Varulite  (*)AlluauditeNa2Mn(MnFe3+)(PO4)31800180015002515
Väyrynenite  (*)NoneBeMn2+(PO4)(OH)18001800250016,5002515
Viitaniemiite  (*)ViitaniemiiteNaCaAl(PO4)F31800180015002512
Vivianite  (*)VivianiteFe2+3(PO4)2·8H2O18001800450016,50018,50021,50025636
Volynskite  (*)NoneAgBiTe21893188315002664
Wardite  (*)WarditeNaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4·2H2O1800180015002558
Wodginite  (*)ColumbiteMn2+Sn4+Ta2O81800180015002578
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)18001800850014,50015,50017,50018,50021,50022,50023,500255251


14 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Alexandra-0305180018001800U-PbAge of pegmatitezircon   Zircon  247953Eräpyhä Pegmatite, Eräjärvi Area, Orivesi, Pirkanmaa, FinlandEräpyhäTalikka et al. (2010) BGSF82_113 
Alexandra-0304180018001800U-PbAge of pegmatitezirconA855  Zircon  1650Viitaniemi Pegmatite, Eräjärvi Area, Orivesi, Pirkanmaa, FinlandViitaniemiTalikka et al. (2010) BGSF82_113 
Scott-BGSF82_113-0003180018001800U-PbAge of intrusionzircon   Zircon  1650Viitaniemi Pegmatite, Eräjärvi Area, Orivesi, Pirkanmaa, FinlandViitaniemi pegmatiteTalikka and Vuori (2010) BGSF82_113P. 116
Kristen00189018891889   galenaA1147#1PbS  Galena Au, Te9699Kutemajärvi Mine, Orivesi, Pirkanmaa, FinlandKutemajärvi Ore DepositMänttäri et al. (1997) GSFSP23_55 
Kristen00189118931893   galenaA1147#2PbS  Galena Au, Te9699Kutemajärvi Mine, Orivesi, Pirkanmaa, FinlandKutemajärvi Ore DepositMänttäri et al. (1997) GSFSP23_55 
Kristen00189218831883   galenaA1147#3PbS  Galena Au, Te9699Kutemajärvi Mine, Orivesi, Pirkanmaa, FinlandKutemajärvi Ore DepositMänttäri et al. (1997) GSFSP23_55 
Kristen00189318881888   galena   Galena Au, Te9699Kutemajärvi Mine, Orivesi, Pirkanmaa, FinlandKutemajärvi Ore DepositMänttäri et al. (1997) GSFSP23_55 
Kristen00189419061906 206Pb/238U monaziteMON/HF    9699Kutemajärvi Mine, Orivesi, Pirkanmaa, FinlandKutemajärvi Ore DepositMänttäri et al. (1997) GSFSP23_55 
Kristen00189518811881 206Pb/238U monaziteMON/abr    9699Kutemajärvi Mine, Orivesi, Pirkanmaa, FinlandKutemajärvi Ore DepositMänttäri et al. (1997) GSFSP23_55 
Kristen00189618791879 207Pb/235U monaziteMON/HF    9699Kutemajärvi Mine, Orivesi, Pirkanmaa, FinlandKutemajärvi Ore DepositMänttäri et al. (1997) GSFSP23_55 
Kristen00189718801880 207Pb/235U monaziteMON/abr    9699Kutemajärvi Mine, Orivesi, Pirkanmaa, FinlandKutemajärvi Ore DepositMänttäri et al. (1997) GSFSP23_55 
Kristen001898185218481850±2207Pb/206Pb monaziteMON/HF    9699Kutemajärvi Mine, Orivesi, Pirkanmaa, FinlandKutemajärvi Ore DepositMänttäri et al. (1997) GSFSP23_55 
Kristen001899188118771879±2207Pb/206Pb monaziteMON/abr    9699Kutemajärvi Mine, Orivesi, Pirkanmaa, FinlandKutemajärvi Ore DepositMänttäri et al. (1997) GSFSP23_55 
Kristen001900184017761808±32 hydrothermal activitylow      9699Kutemajärvi Mine, Orivesi, Pirkanmaa, FinlandKutemajärvi Ore DepositMänttäri et al. (1997) GSFSP23_55 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL
R070612Viitaniemi Pegmatite, Eräjärvi Area, Orivesi, Pirkanmaa, Finlandhttps://rruff.info/R070612
R070303Viitaniemi Pegmatite, Eräjärvi Area, Orivesi, Pirkanmaa, Finlandhttps://rruff.info/R070303
R050243Viitaniemi Pegmatite, Eräjärvi Area, Orivesi, Pirkanmaa, Finlandhttps://rruff.info/R050243

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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