Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Peerless Mine (Monitor; Monarch; Protector), Keystone, Keystone District, Pennington Co., South Dakota, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 1700
Youngest recorded age at locality: 1700

mindat Locality ID: 18239
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-18239.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Peerless Mine (Monitor; Monarch; Protector), Keystone, Keystone District, Pennington Co., South Dakota, USA": 0
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 0

Latitude: 43°53'25"N
Longitude: 103°25'10"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 43.890277777778,-103.41944444444
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al As B Be C Ca Cd Cu F Fe H K Li Mg Mn Na O P S Si Sn Sr Ta Ti U Zn Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al As B Be C Ca Cd Cu F Fe H K Li Mg Mn Na O P S Si Sn Sr Ta Ti U Zn Zr 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AluniteAmorphousAndalusiteApatiteAutuniteBerylCalciteChalcopyriteChloriteClay
ColumbiteDiasporeFeldsparFluoriteLöllingiteMalachiteMarcasiteMicaNickelineNone
Not in a structural groupOlivinePerovskitePyritePyroxeneQuartzRutileSphaleriteStanniteStaurolite
TourmalineVivianiteWagneriteZircon

50 IMA Minerals at location:
Albite  (*)Amblygonite  (*)Andalusite  (*)Autunite  (*)Azurite  (*)
Beryl  (*)Cassiterite  (*)Černýite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)Chrysoberyl  (*)
Clinochlore  (*)Ferrisicklerite  (*)Fluorapatite  (*)Goethite  (*)Goyazite  (*)
Heterosite  (*)Hydroxylapatite  (*)Kësterite  (*)Libethenite  (*)Lithiophilite  (*)
Löllingite  (*)Malachite  (*)Marcasite  (*)Microcline  (*)Montebrasite  (*)
Muscovite  (*)Mushistonite  (*)Opal  (*)Pseudomalachite  (*)Pyrite  (*)
Pyrolusite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)Quartz  (*)Rutile  (*)Schorl  (*)
Scorodite  (*)Sicklerite  (*)Siderite  (*)Spodumene  (*)Stannite  (*)
Staurolite  (*)Svanbergite  (*)Torbernite  (*)Triphylite  (*)Triploidite  (*)
Uraninite  (*)Uranophane-α  (*)Vivianite  (*)Wodginite  (*)Zircon  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)1700170008803
Amblygonite  (*)NoneLiAl(PO4)F170017000244
Andalusite  (*)AndalusiteAl2SiO51700170001310
Autunite  (*)AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2·10-12H2O1700170001272
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)21700170005509
Beryl  (*)BerylBe3Al2Si6O181700170004286
Cassiterite  (*)RutileSnO21700170005171
Černýite  (*)Stannite SphaleriteCu2CdSnS41700170008
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS217001700027198
Chrysoberyl  (*)OlivineBeAl2O4170017000321
Clinochlore  (*)Chlorite ClayMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)81700170001756
Ferrisicklerite  (*)OlivineLi1-x(Fe3+,Mn2+)(PO4)170017000108
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F1700170002740
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)1700170007437
Goyazite  (*)AluniteSrAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6170017000173
Heterosite  (*)OlivineFe3+(PO4)170017000204
Hydroxylapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3OH170017000367
Kësterite  (*)Stannite SphaleriteCu2ZnSnS417001700082
Libethenite  (*)AndalusiteCu2(PO4)(OH)170017000234
Lithiophilite  (*)OlivineLiMn2+(PO4)170017000155
Löllingite  (*)LöllingiteFeAs2170017000762
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)217001700012537
Marcasite  (*)MarcasiteFeS21700170005674
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)1700170004924
Montebrasite  (*)NoneLiAl(PO4)(OH)170017000200
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)217001700017380
Mushistonite  (*)PerovskiteCu2+Sn4+(OH)61700170007
Opal  (*)AmorphousSiO2·nH2O1700170002994
Pseudomalachite  (*)NoneCu5(PO4)2(OH)4170017000369
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS217001700039462
Pyrolusite  (*)RutileMnO21700170003106
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S81700170009056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO217001700061156
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO21700170005614
Schorl  (*)TourmalineNaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)1700170002705
Scorodite  (*)NoneFe3+(AsO4)·2H2O1700170001153
Sicklerite  (*)OlivineLiMn2+(PO4)17001700066
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)1700170006417
Spodumene  (*)PyroxeneLiAlSi2O6170017000688
Stannite  (*)Stannite SphaleriteCu2FeSnS4170017000668
Staurolite  (*)StauroliteFe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH)170017000978
Svanbergite  (*)AluniteSrAl3(SO4)(PO4)(OH)6170017000105
Torbernite  (*)NoneCu(UO2)2(PO4)2·12H2O1700170001059
Triphylite  (*)OlivineLiFe2+(PO4)170017000313
Triploidite  (*)WagneriteMn2+2(PO4)(OH)17001700029
Uraninite  (*)FluoriteUO21700170002718
Uranophane-α  (*)NoneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2·5H2O170017000890
Vivianite  (*)VivianiteFe2+3(PO4)2·8H2O170017000636
Wodginite  (*)ColumbiteMn2+Sn4+Ta2O817001700078
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)1700170005251


1 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Alexandra-0372170017001700 Age of pegmatite   Yes Li, Be, Sn, Cs, Ta, Nb, U122418Black Elk Peak (Harney Peak), Pennington Co., South Dakota, USAHarney PeakNorton and Redden (1990)10.2138/am.2008.2633AM75_631 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL

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