Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Golmud Co. (Ge'ermu Co.), Haixi, Qinghai, China

Oldest recorded age at locality: 458
Youngest recorded age at locality: 145

mindat Locality ID: 187038
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-187038.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Golmud Co. (Ge'ermu Co.), Haixi, Qinghai, China": 35
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 30

Number of Child Localities: 10
Child Localities:
Baketegou Polymetallic Deposit
Caiyuanzigou Cu-Co Deposit
Dongdatan Cu Deposit
East Taijinar Salt Lake (Dongtaijinai'er Salt Lake)
Qarhan Salt Lake (Chaerhan Salt Lake)
Qimantage Mts
Tanggula No. 1 Lake
Tuolugou Co-(Au) Deposit
Tuotuohe Area (Tuotuo River Area)
Yuxu Peak

Latitude: 35°52'57"N
Longitude: 93°45'40"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 35.8825,93.761111111111
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au B Ba Bi C Ca Cl Co Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn Mo Na Ni O Pb S Sb Si Sn Sr Te Ti W Zn 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AcanthiteAluniteAmphiboleAndalusiteAragoniteArsenicArsenoliteArsenopyriteAtacamiteBaryte
BismutiteBrookiteBruciteCalciteCarnalliteChalcopyriteChloriteClayClinozoisiteCobaltite
CopperCorundumCovelliteDiasporeEpidoteEpsomiteFeldsparFluoriteGarnetGypsum
HexahydriteHumiteIronKaoliniteLangbeiniteMalachiteMarcasiteMicaMolybdeniteNickeline
NoneNot in a structural groupOlivinePentlanditePerovskitePicromeritePrehnitePyritePyroxeneQuartz
RhabdophaneRhodoniteRocksaltRutileScheeliteSkutteruditeSmectite-vermiculiteSphaleriteSpinelStannite
StibniteSyngeniteTalcTetradymiteTetrahedriteTitaniteTourmalineVesuvianiteVivianiteWollastonite
Wurtzite

126 IMA Minerals at location:
Acanthite  (*)Actinolite  (*)Albite  (*)Almandine  (*)Andalusite  (*)
Andradite  (*)Anhydrite  (*)Ankerite  (*)Anorthite  (*)Antarcticite  (*)
Aragonite  (*)Arsenolite  (*)Arsenopyrite  (*)Atacamite  (*)Azurite  (*)
Baryte  (*)Bassanite  (*)Bischofite  (*)Bismite  (*)Bismuth  (*)
Bismuthinite  (*)Bismutite  (*)Bornite  (*)Brookite  (*)Brucite  (*)
Calcite  (*)Carnallite  (*)Carrollite  (*)Cassiterite  (*)Cattierite  (*)
Celestine  (*)Cerussite  (*)Chalcocite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)Chondrodite  (*)
Clinochlore  (*)Cobaltite  (*)Cobaltpentlandite  (*)Copper  (*)Covellite  (*)
Cuprite  (*)Diopside  (*)Dolomite  (*)Dravite  (*)Epidote  (*)
Epsomite  (*)Erythrite  (*)Ferro-actinolite  (*)Ferro-edenite  (*)Fluorite  (*)
Forsterite  (*)Galena  (*)Goethite  (*)Gold  (*)Graphite  (*)
Grossular  (*)Gypsum  (*)Halite  (*)Hastingsite  (*)Hedenbergite  (*)
Hematite  (*)Heterogenite  (*)Hexahydrite  (*)Hydrohalite  (*)Ilmenite  (*)
Iron  (*)Jarosite  (*)Johannsenite  (*)Kaolinite  (*)Koenenite  (*)
Langbeinite  (*)Linnaeite  (*)Mackinawite  (*)Magnesite  (*)Magnetite  (*)
Malachite  (*)Marcasite  (*)Mirabilite  (*)Molybdenite  (*)Molybdite  (*)
Monticellite  (*)Montmorillonite  (*)Muscovite  (*)Nantokite  (*)Nickeline  (*)
Orthoclase  (*)Gersdorffite-Pa3  (*)Pentlandite  (*)Phlogopite  (*)Picromerite  (*)
Polyhalite  (*)Prehnite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Pyroxmangite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)
Quartz  (*)Retgersite  (*)Rhodonite  (*)Rutile  (*)Scheelite  (*)
Siderite  (*)Siegenite  (*)Sillénite  (*)Silver  (*)Skutterudite  (*)
Smithsonite  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Spherocobaltite  (*)Spinel  (*)Stannite  (*)
Stibnite  (*)Sylvite  (*)Syngenite  (*)Talc  (*)Tellurobismuthite  (*)
Tenorite  (*)Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)Tin  (*)Titanite  (*)Tremolite  (*)
Ulexite  (*)Vesuvianite  (*)Violarite  (*)Wollastonite  (*)Wurtzite  (*)
Zoisite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Acanthite  (*)AcanthiteAg2S201145242442,424522793
Actinolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2201145542426,42439,42442,42443,424523419
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)458145942436,42437,42439,42443,42446,42449,42452,42454,424588803
Almandine  (*)GarnetFe2+3Al2(SiO4)32011451424432353
Andalusite  (*)AndalusiteAl2SiO52011451424421310
Andradite  (*)GarnetCa3Fe3+2(SiO4)3201145442437,42439,42442,424521534
Anhydrite  (*)Not in a structural groupCa(SO4)242430,424311588
Ankerite  (*)NoneCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)24584001424543092
Anorthite  (*)FeldsparCa(Al2Si2O8)2011451424371036
Antarcticite  (*)Not in a structural groupCaCl2·6H2O14243011
Aragonite  (*)AragoniteCa(CO3)1424303250
Arsenolite  (*)ArsenoliteAs2O3201145142442231
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS458145842426,42437,42439,42441,42442,42445,42452,424549052
Atacamite  (*)AtacamiteCu2Cl(OH)3201145142439544
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)2201145342440,42442,424525509
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)442430,42456,42457,4245811547
Bassanite  (*)RhabdophaneCa(SO4)·0.5H2O14243182
Bischofite  (*)NoneMgCl2·6H2O342430,42431,4243242
Bismite  (*)NoneBi2O3201145142442214
Bismuth  (*)ArsenicBi2011451424421966
Bismuthinite  (*)StibniteBi2S32011451424421935
Bismutite  (*)BismutiteBi2O2(CO3)201145142442716
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS4458145742437,42439,42440,42442,42445,42452,424545516
Brookite  (*)BrookiteTiO2142458700
Brucite  (*)BruciteMg(OH)2201145242437,42442462
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)4581451842426,42430,42431,42436,42437,42440,42442,42443,42445,42446,42449,42452,42453,42454,42456,42457,42458,4245927770
Carnallite  (*)CarnalliteKMgCl3·6H2O442430,42431,42432,42434132
Carrollite  (*)SpinelCuCo2S4458400142454154
Cassiterite  (*)RutileSnO2201145242439,424525171
Cattierite  (*)PyriteCoS245840014245430
Celestine  (*)BaryteSr(SO4)1424301252
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)2011451424424979
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S201145342440,42442,424525707
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS24581451542426,42436,42437,42439,42440,42441,42442,42443,42445,42446,42449,42450,42452,42454,4245927198
Chondrodite  (*)HumiteMg5(SiO4)2F2201145142437285
Clinochlore  (*)Chlorite ClayMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)82011451424371756
Cobaltite  (*)CobaltiteCoAsS201145142442966
Cobaltpentlandite  (*)PentlanditeCo9S845840014245482
Copper  (*)CopperCu458145342440,42442,424543846
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS201145342428,42440,424424165
Cuprite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2O2011451424392970
Diopside  (*)PyroxeneCaMgSi2O62011451142436,42437,42439,42440,42441,42442,42445,42446,42448,42449,424524135
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)2201145742428,42437,42439,42442,42453,42458,424599895
Dravite  (*)TourmalineNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)458400142454648
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)2011451442426,42428,42436,42437,42439,42440,42441,42442,42443,42445,42446,42449,42452,424588173
Epsomite  (*)EpsomiteMg(SO4)·7H2O142430484
Erythrite  (*)VivianiteCo3(AsO4)2·8H2O201145142442814
Ferro-actinolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg2.5-0.0Fe2+2.5-5.0)Si8O22(OH)2201145142437129
Ferro-edenite  (*)AmphiboleNaCa2Fe2+5(Si7Al)O22(OH)220114514243757
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF2201145642437,42440,42442,42445,42449,424529617
Forsterite  (*)OlivineMg2(SiO4)201145242437,424521188
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS2011451142426,42437,42439,42441,42442,42445,42449,42452,42456,42457,4245924243
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)201145342437,42439,424587437
Gold  (*)CopperAu458145342439,42442,4245430554
Graphite  (*)NoneC2011451424422812
Grossular  (*)GarnetCa3Al2(SiO4)3201145542437,42439,42440,42442,424521544
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O242430,424316890
Halite  (*)RocksaltNaCl442429,42430,42431,424321398
Hastingsite  (*)AmphiboleNaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2201145242437,42452209
Hedenbergite  (*)PyroxeneCaFe2+Si2O6201145542437,42439,42442,42445,42452741
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O34581451142436,42437,42440,42441,42442,42445,42448,42450,42452,42454,4245814640
Heterogenite  (*)NoneCo3+O(OH)201145142442111
Hexahydrite  (*)HexahydriteMg(SO4)·6H2O142430251
Hydrohalite  (*)NoneNaCl·2H2O14243217
Ilmenite  (*)CorundumFe2+Ti4+O3201145242442,424585433
Iron  (*)IronFe4584001424541089
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6458145342428,42443,424542228
Johannsenite  (*)PyroxeneCaMnSi2O620114514245273
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)4201145842430,42436,42439,42442,42443,42452,42458,424595591
Koenenite  (*)NoneNa4Mg9Al4Cl12(OH)2214243012
Langbeinite  (*)LangbeiniteK2Mg2(SO4)314243043
Linnaeite  (*)SpinelCo2+Co3+2S4458400142454249
Mackinawite  (*)None(Fe,Ni)1+xS (x = 0-0.07)201145142450451
Magnesite  (*)CalciteMg(CO3)1424301487
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O44581451442436,42437,42440,42441,42442,42443,42445,42446,42448,42449,42450,42452,42454,4245814899
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2201145742428,42440,42441,42442,42443,42446,4245212537
Marcasite  (*)MarcasiteFeS2201145342426,42442,424525674
Mirabilite  (*)NoneNa2(SO4)·10H2O142430223
Molybdenite  (*)MolybdeniteMoS2201145642436,42440,42441,42442,42443,424455800
Molybdite  (*)NoneMoO3201145142442140
Monticellite  (*)OlivineCaMg(SiO4)201145142442153
Montmorillonite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculite(Na,Ca)0.3(Al,Mg)2Si4O10(OH)2·nH2O442429,42431,42432,424331508
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)24581451642428,42429,42431,42432,42433,42436,42437,42439,42442,42443,42445,42446,42452,42454,42458,4245917380
Nantokite  (*)SphaleriteCuCl20114514243935
Nickeline  (*)NickelineNiAs201145142442633
Orthoclase  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)201145242452,424582349
Gersdorffite-Pa3  (*)PyriteNiAsS201145142442767
Pentlandite  (*)Pentlandite(Ni,Fe)9S8201145242442,424501512
Phlogopite  (*)Mica ClayKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2201145242442,424522273
Picromerite  (*)PicromeriteK2Mg(SO4)2·6H2O14243044
Polyhalite  (*)NoneK2Ca2Mg(SO4)4·2H2O242430,42431102
Prehnite  (*)PrehniteCa2Al(Si3Al)O10(OH)22011451424421898
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS24581451742426,42428,42436,42437,42440,42441,42442,42443,42445,42446,42449,42450,42452,42454,42456,42457,4245939462
Pyroxmangite  (*)NoneMn2+SiO3201145142445147
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S84581451242426,42437,42440,42441,42442,42443,42445,42446,42449,42450,42452,424549056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO24581451842429,42431,42432,42433,42436,42437,42440,42441,42442,42443,42445,42446,42448,42449,42452,42454,42458,4245961156
Retgersite  (*)NoneNi(SO4)·6H2O20114514244255
Rhodonite  (*)RhodoniteCaMn3Mn(Si5O15)201145142452969
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO21424585614
Scheelite  (*)ScheeliteCa(WO4)2011451424414894
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)458145242437,424546417
Siegenite  (*)SpinelCoNi2S4458145242442,42454249
Sillénite  (*)NoneBi12SiO2020114514244226
Silver  (*)CopperAg2011451424425186
Skutterudite  (*)Skutterudite PerovskiteCoAs3201145142442531
Smithsonite  (*)CalciteZn(CO3)242456,424572473
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS4581451342426,42437,42439,42441,42442,42445,42446,42449,42452,42454,42456,42457,4245921482
Spherocobaltite  (*)NoneCo(CO3)20114514244252
Spinel  (*)SpinelMgAl2O4201145242437,424501934
Stannite  (*)Stannite SphaleriteCu2FeSnS4201145142452668
Stibnite  (*)StibniteSb2S32011451424423418
Sylvite  (*)RocksaltKCl342430,42431,42432275
Syngenite  (*)SyngeniteK2Ca(SO4)2·H2O14243044
Talc  (*)Clay TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)22011451424423337
Tellurobismuthite  (*)TetradymiteBi2Te3201145242442,42445276
Tenorite  (*)NoneCuO2011451424391101
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S13201145342439,42442,424525317
Tin  (*)NoneSn45840014245463
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O201145242437,424524899
Tremolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg5.0-4.5Fe2+0.0-0.5)Si8O22(OH)2201145642426,42436,42439,42442,42446,424522562
Ulexite  (*)NoneNaCaB5O6(OH)6·5H2O142430160
Vesuvianite  (*)Vesuvianite(Ca,Na)19(Al,Mg,Fe)13(SiO4)10(Si2O7)4(OH,F,O)10201145642437,42439,42440,42442,42445,424521395
Violarite  (*)SpinelFeNi2S4201145142450380
Wollastonite  (*)WollastoniteCaSiO3201145442437,42439,42442,424521247
Wurtzite  (*)WurtziteZnS201145142441372
Zoisite  (*)EpidoteCa2Al3[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)201145342437,42442,424521025


3 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Chen2007tbl01-69201145Jurassic      Arsenopyrite, Bismuthinite, Chalcopyrite, Galena, Magnetite, Malachite, Pyrite, Sphalerite, Tellurobismuthite 135302Kendekeke Mine (Kendekok Mine), Qimantage Mts, Golmud Co. (Ge'ermu Co.), Haixi, Qinghai, ChinaKendekeke, Golmd, QinghaiChen et al. (2007)10.1016/j.oregeorev.2005.01.001OGR31_139 
Chen2007tbl01-68201145Jurassic      Bornite, Chalcopyrite, Galena, Hematite, Magnetite, Malachite, Pyrite, Sphalerite 187039Yemaquan Mine, Qimantage Mts, Golmud Co. (Ge'ermu Co.), Haixi, Qinghai, ChinaYemaquan, Golmd, QinghaiChen et al. (2007)10.1016/j.oregeorev.2005.01.001OGR31_139 
Co-00054458400429±29Re-Os pyrite   PyriteCarrollite, Cattierite, Cobaltpentlandite, Linnaeite, SiegeniteCo, Ni144711Tuolugou Co-(Au) Deposit, Golmud Co. (Ge'ermu Co.), Haixi, Qinghai, China Feng et al. (2009)10.1016/j.oregeorev.2008.10.005OGR36_213 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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