Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

Important Update News

The RRUFF Project has been migrated to RRUFF.net. Please update your bookmarks immediately, if you have not done so.

The data on this website is already three years out of date, and the entire website will be taken offline before the end of the year.

We are grateful to NASA for the funding of this effort.




The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Qimantage Mts, Golmud Co. (Ge'ermu Co.), Haixi, Qinghai, China

Oldest recorded age at locality: 201
Youngest recorded age at locality: 145

mindat Locality ID: 229073
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-229073.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Qimantage Mts, Golmud Co. (Ge'ermu Co.), Haixi, Qinghai, China": 17
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 15

Number of Child Localities: 13
Child Localities:
Changshan Mo Deposit
Galinge Fe Deposit
Jinxin Pb-Zn Deposit
Ka'erqueka Cu-polymetallic Deposit
Kayakedeng Fe-polymetallic Deposit
Kendekeke Mine (Kendekok Mine)
Lalingzaohuo Mo-polymetallic Deposit
Qunli Fe-Cu Deposit
Sijiaoyang Pb-Zn Deposit
Tawenchahan Fe-polymetallic Deposit
Wutumeiren
Yelasai Cu Deposit
Yemaquan Mine

Latitude: 36°53'17"N
Longitude: 92°9'55"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 36.888055555556,92.165277777778

AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au Bi C Ca Cl Co Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn Mo Na Ni O Pb S Sb Si Sn Te Ti W Zn 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AcanthiteAluniteAmphiboleAndalusiteAragoniteArsenicArsenoliteArsenopyriteAtacamiteBismutite
BruciteCalciteChalcopyriteChloriteClayClinozoisiteCobaltiteCopperCorundumCovellite
DiasporeEpidoteFeldsparFluoriteGarnetHumiteKaoliniteMalachiteMarcasiteMica
MolybdeniteNickelineNoneNot in a structural groupOlivinePentlanditePerovskitePrehnitePyritePyroxene
QuartzRhodoniteRocksaltRutileScheeliteSkutteruditeSphaleriteSpinelStanniteStibnite
TalcTetradymiteTetrahedriteTitaniteVesuvianiteVivianiteWollastoniteWurtzite

92 IMA Minerals at location:
Acanthite  (*)Actinolite  (*)Albite  (*)Almandine  (*)Andalusite  (*)
Andradite  (*)Anorthite  (*)Arsenolite  (*)Arsenopyrite  (*)Atacamite  (*)
Azurite  (*)Bismite  (*)Bismuth  (*)Bismuthinite  (*)Bismutite  (*)
Bornite  (*)Brucite  (*)Calcite  (*)Cassiterite  (*)Cerussite  (*)
Chalcocite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)Chondrodite  (*)Clinochlore  (*)Cobaltite  (*)
Copper  (*)Covellite  (*)Cuprite  (*)Diopside  (*)Dolomite  (*)
Epidote  (*)Erythrite  (*)Ferro-actinolite  (*)Ferro-edenite  (*)Fluorite  (*)
Forsterite  (*)Galena  (*)Goethite  (*)Gold  (*)Graphite  (*)
Grossular  (*)Hastingsite  (*)Hedenbergite  (*)Hematite  (*)Heterogenite  (*)
Ilmenite  (*)Jarosite  (*)Johannsenite  (*)Kaolinite  (*)Mackinawite  (*)
Magnetite  (*)Malachite  (*)Marcasite  (*)Molybdenite  (*)Molybdite  (*)
Monticellite  (*)Muscovite  (*)Nantokite  (*)Nickeline  (*)Orthoclase  (*)
Gersdorffite-Pa3  (*)Pentlandite  (*)Phlogopite  (*)Prehnite  (*)Pyrite  (*)
Pyroxmangite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)Quartz  (*)Retgersite  (*)Rhodonite  (*)
Scheelite  (*)Siderite  (*)Siegenite  (*)Sillénite  (*)Silver  (*)
Skutterudite  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Spherocobaltite  (*)Spinel  (*)Stannite  (*)
Stibnite  (*)Talc  (*)Tellurobismuthite  (*)Tenorite  (*)Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)
Titanite  (*)Tremolite  (*)Vesuvianite  (*)Violarite  (*)Wollastonite  (*)
Wurtzite  (*)Zoisite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Acanthite  (*)AcanthiteAg2S201145242442,424522793
Actinolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2201145442439,42442,42443,424523419
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)201145742436,42437,42439,42443,42446,42449,424528803
Almandine  (*)GarnetFe2+3Al2(SiO4)32011451424432353
Andalusite  (*)AndalusiteAl2SiO52011451424421310
Andradite  (*)GarnetCa3Fe3+2(SiO4)3201145442437,42439,42442,424521534
Anorthite  (*)FeldsparCa(Al2Si2O8)2011451424371036
Arsenolite  (*)ArsenoliteAs2O3201145142442231
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS201145642437,42439,42441,42442,42445,424529052
Atacamite  (*)AtacamiteCu2Cl(OH)3201145142439544
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)2201145342440,42442,424525509
Bismite  (*)NoneBi2O3201145142442214
Bismuth  (*)ArsenicBi2011451424421966
Bismuthinite  (*)StibniteBi2S32011451424421935
Bismutite  (*)BismutiteBi2O2(CO3)201145142442716
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS4201145642437,42439,42440,42442,42445,424525516
Brucite  (*)BruciteMg(OH)2201145242437,42442462
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)201145942436,42437,42440,42442,42443,42445,42446,42449,4245227770
Cassiterite  (*)RutileSnO2201145242439,424525171
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)2011451424424979
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S201145342440,42442,424525707
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS22011451242436,42437,42439,42440,42441,42442,42443,42445,42446,42449,42450,4245227198
Chondrodite  (*)HumiteMg5(SiO4)2F2201145142437285
Clinochlore  (*)Chlorite ClayMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)82011451424371756
Cobaltite  (*)CobaltiteCoAsS201145142442966
Copper  (*)CopperCu201145242440,424423846
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS201145242440,424424165
Cuprite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2O2011451424392970
Diopside  (*)PyroxeneCaMgSi2O62011451142436,42437,42439,42440,42441,42442,42445,42446,42448,42449,424524135
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)2201145342437,42439,424429895
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)2011451142436,42437,42439,42440,42441,42442,42443,42445,42446,42449,424528173
Erythrite  (*)VivianiteCo3(AsO4)2·8H2O201145142442814
Ferro-actinolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg2.5-0.0Fe2+2.5-5.0)Si8O22(OH)2201145142437129
Ferro-edenite  (*)AmphiboleNaCa2Fe2+5(Si7Al)O22(OH)220114514243757
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF2201145642437,42440,42442,42445,42449,424529617
Forsterite  (*)OlivineMg2(SiO4)201145242437,424521188
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS201145742437,42439,42441,42442,42445,42449,4245224243
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)201145242437,424397437
Gold  (*)CopperAu201145242439,4244230554
Graphite  (*)NoneC2011451424422812
Grossular  (*)GarnetCa3Al2(SiO4)3201145542437,42439,42440,42442,424521544
Hastingsite  (*)AmphiboleNaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2201145242437,42452209
Hedenbergite  (*)PyroxeneCaFe2+Si2O6201145542437,42439,42442,42445,42452741
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O3201145942436,42437,42440,42441,42442,42445,42448,42450,4245214640
Heterogenite  (*)NoneCo3+O(OH)201145142442111
Ilmenite  (*)CorundumFe2+Ti4+O32011451424425433
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)62011451424432228
Johannsenite  (*)PyroxeneCaMnSi2O620114514245273
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)4201145542436,42439,42442,42443,424525591
Mackinawite  (*)None(Fe,Ni)1+xS (x = 0-0.07)201145142450451
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O42011451242436,42437,42440,42441,42442,42443,42445,42446,42448,42449,42450,4245214899
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2201145642440,42441,42442,42443,42446,4245212537
Marcasite  (*)MarcasiteFeS2201145242442,424525674
Molybdenite  (*)MolybdeniteMoS2201145642436,42440,42441,42442,42443,424455800
Molybdite  (*)NoneMoO3201145142442140
Monticellite  (*)OlivineCaMg(SiO4)201145142442153
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)2201145842436,42437,42439,42442,42443,42445,42446,4245217380
Nantokite  (*)SphaleriteCuCl20114514243935
Nickeline  (*)NickelineNiAs201145142442633
Orthoclase  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)2011451424522349
Gersdorffite-Pa3  (*)PyriteNiAsS201145142442767
Pentlandite  (*)Pentlandite(Ni,Fe)9S8201145242442,424501512
Phlogopite  (*)Mica ClayKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2201145242442,424522273
Prehnite  (*)PrehniteCa2Al(Si3Al)O10(OH)22011451424421898
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS22011451142436,42437,42440,42441,42442,42443,42445,42446,42449,42450,4245239462
Pyroxmangite  (*)NoneMn2+SiO3201145142445147
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S82011451042437,42440,42441,42442,42443,42445,42446,42449,42450,424529056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO22011451142436,42437,42440,42441,42442,42443,42445,42446,42448,42449,4245261156
Retgersite  (*)NoneNi(SO4)·6H2O20114514244255
Rhodonite  (*)RhodoniteCaMn3Mn(Si5O15)201145142452969
Scheelite  (*)ScheeliteCa(WO4)2011451424414894
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)2011451424376417
Siegenite  (*)SpinelCoNi2S4201145142442249
Sillénite  (*)NoneBi12SiO2020114514244226
Silver  (*)CopperAg2011451424425186
Skutterudite  (*)Skutterudite PerovskiteCoAs3201145142442531
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS201145842437,42439,42441,42442,42445,42446,42449,4245221482
Spherocobaltite  (*)NoneCo(CO3)20114514244252
Spinel  (*)SpinelMgAl2O4201145242437,424501934
Stannite  (*)Stannite SphaleriteCu2FeSnS4201145142452668
Stibnite  (*)StibniteSb2S32011451424423418
Talc  (*)Clay TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)22011451424423337
Tellurobismuthite  (*)TetradymiteBi2Te3201145242442,42445276
Tenorite  (*)NoneCuO2011451424391101
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S13201145342439,42442,424525317
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O201145242437,424524899
Tremolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg5.0-4.5Fe2+0.0-0.5)Si8O22(OH)2201145542436,42439,42442,42446,424522562
Vesuvianite  (*)Vesuvianite(Ca,Na)19(Al,Mg,Fe)13(SiO4)10(Si2O7)4(OH,F,O)10201145642437,42439,42440,42442,42445,424521395
Violarite  (*)SpinelFeNi2S4201145142450380
Wollastonite  (*)WollastoniteCaSiO3201145442437,42439,42442,424521247
Wurtzite  (*)WurtziteZnS201145142441372
Zoisite  (*)EpidoteCa2Al3[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)201145342437,42442,424521025



2 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Chen2007tbl01-69201145Jurassic      Arsenopyrite, Bismuthinite, Chalcopyrite, Galena, Magnetite, Malachite, Pyrite, Sphalerite, Tellurobismuthite 135302Kendekeke Mine (Kendekok Mine), Qimantage Mts, Golmud Co. (Ge'ermu Co.), Haixi, Qinghai, ChinaKendekeke, Golmd, QinghaiChen et al. (2007)10.1016/j.oregeorev.2005.01.001OGR31_139 
Chen2007tbl01-68201145Jurassic      Bornite, Chalcopyrite, Galena, Hematite, Magnetite, Malachite, Pyrite, Sphalerite 187039Yemaquan Mine, Qimantage Mts, Golmud Co. (Ge'ermu Co.), Haixi, Qinghai, ChinaYemaquan, Golmd, QinghaiChen et al. (2007)10.1016/j.oregeorev.2005.01.001OGR31_139 


SampleSource LocalityReference URL


All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...

Other copyright data...