Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Nigeria

Oldest recorded age at locality: 562
Youngest recorded age at locality: 196.2

mindat Locality ID: 21897
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-21897.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Nigeria": 135
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 89

Number of Child Localities: 30
Child Localities:
Adamawa
Bauchi
Bayelsa
Benue
Borno
Cross River
Delta
Ebonyi
Edo
Ekiti
Federal Capitol Territory
Gombe
Jigawa
Kaduna
Kano
Katsina
Kebbi
Kogi
Kwara
Nasarawa
Niger
Ogun
Ondo
Osun
Oyo
Plateau
Sokoto
Taraba
Yobe
Zamfara

Latitude: 8°46'38"N
Longitude: 8°3'40"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 8.7772222222222,8.0611111111111
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au B Ba Be Bi C Ca Ce Cl Cr Cu F Fe H K La Li Mg Mn Mo N Na Nb Ni O P Pb S Sb Si Sn Ta Te Th Ti U W Y Zn Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AluniteAmphiboleApatiteAragoniteArsenicArsenopyriteAstrophylliteBaddeleyiteBaryteBastnäsite
BerylBournoniteCalciteCancrinite-sodaliteCeriteChalcopyriteChloriteClayColumbiteCopper
CoronaditeCorrensiteCorundumCovelliteCristobaliteCubaniteDiamondDiasporeEnargiteFeldspar
FluoceriteFluoriteGarnetIronKaoliniteLepidocrociteMalachiteMarcasiteMeneghiniteMica
MolybdeniteMonaziteNickelineNoneNot in a structural groupOlivinePerovskitePhenakitePyritePyrochlore
PyroxeneQuartzRocksaltRutileScheeliteSodaliteSphaleriteSpinelStanniteStibnite
TetrahedriteTopazTourmalineTridymiteWadsleyiteWurtziteZircon

139 IMA Minerals at location:
Aegirine  (*)Aikinite  (*)Akimotoite  (*)Alabandite  (*)Albite  (*)
Amblygonite  (*)Anatase  (*)Anglesite  (*)Anorthite  (*)Aragonite  (*)
Arfvedsonite  (*)Argentopyrite  (*)Arsenopyrite  (*)Astrophyllite  (*)Augite  (*)
Azurite  (*)Baddeleyite  (*)Baryte  (*)Bastnäsite-(Ce)  (*)Bastnäsite-(La)  (*)
Beryl  (*)Bismuth  (*)Bismuthinite  (*)Böhmite  (*)Bolivarite  (*)
Bornite  (*)Boulangerite  (*)Bournonite  (*)Calcite  (*)Carlsbergite  (*)
Cassiterite  (*)Cerianite-(Ce)  (*)Cerussite  (*)Chalcocite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)
Chlorapatite  (*)Chromite  (*)Chrysoberyl  (*)Coesite  (*)Coffinite  (*)
Columbite-(Fe)  (*)Cookeite  (*)Copper  (*)Corundum  (*)Covellite  (*)
Crandallite  (*)Cristobalite  (*)Cryolite  (*)Cubanite  (*)Daubréelite  (*)
Diamond  (*)Diopside  (*)Dolomite  (*)Dravite  (*)Elbaite  (*)
Enargite  (*)Enstatite  (*)Fayalite  (*)Ferronigerite-2N1S  (*)Fluocerite-(Ce)  (*)
Fluorapatite  (*)Fluorite  (*)Fluoro-richterite  (*)Forsterite  (*)Gahnite  (*)
Galena  (*)Genthelvite  (*)Gibbsite  (*)Goethite  (*)Gold  (*)
Graphite  (*)Hedenbergite  (*)Hematite  (*)Hydrokenoralstonite  (*)Ilmenite  (*)
Iron  (*)Isocubanite  (*)Kaolinite  (*)Liebermannite  (*)Lingunite  (*)
Mackinawite  (*)Maghemite  (*)Magnetite  (*)Majorite  (*)Malachite  (*)
Marcasite  (*)Merrillite  (*)Microcline  (*)Molybdenite  (*)Monazite-(Ce)  (*)
Muscovite  (*)Oldhamite  (*)Omphacite  (*)Orthoclase  (*)Petzite  (*)
Phenakite  (*)Phlogopite  (*)Pigeonite  (*)Pyrargyrite  (*)Pyrite  (*)
Pyromorphite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)Quartz  (*)Rectorite  (*)Riebeckite  (*)
Rossmanite  (*)Rutile  (*)Schorl  (*)Schreibersite  (*)Seifertite  (*)
Siderite  (*)Sillimanite  (*)Silver  (*)Smithsonite  (*)Spessartine  (*)
Sphalerite  (*)Spinel  (*)Spodumene  (*)Stannite  (*)Stephanite  (*)
Sternbergite  (*)Stishovite  (*)Stolzite  (*)Taenite  (*)Tantalite-(Mn)  (*)
Tennantite-(Fe)  (*)Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)Thomsenolite  (*)Thorite  (*)Tin  (*)
Topaz  (*)Tridymite  (*)Troilite  (*)Wadsleyite  (*)Whitlockite  (*)
Wittichenite  (*)Xenotime-(Y)  (*)Zagamiite  (*)Zircon  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Aegirine  (*)PyroxeneNaFe3+Si2O61889921022
Aikinite  (*)MeneghiniteCuPbBiS3188923315
Akimotoite  (*)CorundumMgSiO318892510
Alabandite  (*)RocksaltMnS188880312
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)1188915,88916,88941,88942,88943,88944,88946,88947,88965,88992,889948803
Amblygonite  (*)NoneLiAl(PO4)F188946244
Anatase  (*)Not in a structural groupTiO21889052162
Anglesite  (*)BarytePb(SO4)1889042734
Anorthite  (*)FeldsparCa(Al2Si2O8)199.4196.21888861036
Aragonite  (*)AragoniteCa(CO3)1889053250
Arfvedsonite  (*)AmphiboleNaNa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2288982,88992295
Argentopyrite  (*)CubaniteAgFe2S318898553
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS288923,889859052
Astrophyllite  (*)AstrophylliteK2NaFe2+7Ti2(Si4O12)2O2(OH)4F488978,88982,88992,88994161
Augite  (*)Pyroxene(Ca,Mg,Fe)2Si2O6199.4196.2388886,88925,890122060
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)21889045509
Baddeleyite  (*)BaddeleyiteZrO2188925238
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)18897411547
Bastnäsite-(Ce)  (*)BastnäsiteCe(CO3)F188948304
Bastnäsite-(La)  (*)BastnäsiteLa(CO3)F18894830
Beryl  (*)BerylBe3Al2Si6O18199.4196.2788883,88915,88920,88943,88946,88978,889974286
Bismuth  (*)ArsenicBi1889231966
Bismuthinite  (*)StibniteBi2S31889231935
Böhmite  (*)LepidocrociteAlO(OH)188931195
Bolivarite  (*)NoneAl2(PO4)(OH)3·4H2O1889314
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS41889015516
Boulangerite  (*)NonePb5Sb4S11188901843
Bournonite  (*)BournoniteCuPbSbS31889011089
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)18895927770
Carlsbergite  (*)RocksaltCrN18889826
Cassiterite  (*)RutileSnO2562196.23188881,88882,88883,88895,88896,88897,88908,88912,88918,88922,88923,88928,88932,88941,88948,88949,88975,88976,88977,88980,88981,88982,88984,88986,88987,88990,88992,88995,88998,89000,890015171
Cerianite-(Ce)  (*)FluoriteCeO218894894
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)1889044979
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S1889015707
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS2199.4196.2988886,88887,88890,88901,88904,88923,88985,89001,8900927198
Chlorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3Cl288925,88953203
Chromite  (*)SpinelFe2+Cr2O4199.4196.2388886,88893,889533902
Chrysoberyl  (*)OlivineBeAl2O4188928321
Coesite  (*)Not in a structural groupSiO218901277
Coffinite  (*)ZirconU(SiO4)·nH2O188923566
Columbite-(Fe)  (*)ColumbiteFe2+Nb2O6199.4196.2288883,88992518
Cookeite  (*)Chlorite Clay(Al,Li)3Al2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8188946181
Copper  (*)CopperCu199.4196.2388886,88893,889533846
Corundum  (*)CorundumAl2O31889171797
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS199.4196.21888874165
Crandallite  (*)AluniteCaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6188931310
Cristobalite  (*)CristobaliteSiO2188880453
Cryolite  (*)PerovskiteNa2NaAlF6688941,88972,88978,88994,89003,8900450
Cubanite  (*)Cubanite WurtziteCuFe2S3199.4196.2388887,88923,88953802
Daubréelite  (*)SpinelFeCr2S4288880,88898157
Diamond  (*)DiamondC189012697
Diopside  (*)PyroxeneCaMgSi2O61888804135
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)21889399895
Dravite  (*)TourmalineNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)188966648
Elbaite  (*)TourmalineNa(Al1.5Li1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)688960,88963,88966,88968,88969,88978520
Enargite  (*)Enargite WurtziteCu3AsS4188901910
Enstatite  (*)PyroxeneMg2Si2O6188880944
Fayalite  (*)OlivineFe2+2(SiO4)388925,88982,88992371
Ferronigerite-2N1S  (*)None(Al,Fe,Zn)2(Al,Sn)6O11(OH)18892814
Fluocerite-(Ce)  (*)FluoceriteCeF318894845
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F388925,88946,889472740
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF2988890,88915,88923,88941,88982,88992,88994,89001,890099617
Fluoro-richterite  (*)AmphiboleNa(NaCa)Mg5Si8O22F218888024
Forsterite  (*)OlivineMg2(SiO4)1888801188
Gahnite  (*)SpinelZnAl2O4288916,88928445
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS888890,88901,88903,88904,88923,88985,88987,8900924243
Genthelvite  (*)Cancrinite-sodalite SodaliteBe3Zn4(SiO4)3S18899260
Gibbsite  (*)NoneAl(OH)3288917,88931504
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)488917,88931,88948,889857437
Gold  (*)CopperAu288923,8895930554
Graphite  (*)NoneC388898,88953,890122812
Hedenbergite  (*)PyroxeneCaFe2+Si2O6188992741
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O3788917,88923,88925,88929,88941,88985,8898714640
Hydrokenoralstonite  (*)Pyrochlore   2Al2F6(H2O)18891556
Ilmenite  (*)CorundumFe2+Ti4+O3199.4196.2888886,88893,88915,88923,88925,88931,88987,889945433
Iron  (*)IronFe199.4196.2688880,88886,88893,88898,88953,890121089
Isocubanite  (*)Sphalerite CubaniteCuFe2S3188953191
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)4288931,889485591
Liebermannite  (*)CoronaditeKAlSi3O81889252
Lingunite  (*)CoronaditeNaAlSi3O81889259
Mackinawite  (*)None(Fe,Ni)1+xS (x = 0-0.07)288923,88953451
Maghemite  (*)Spinel(Fe3+0.67   0.33)Fe3+2O4188931229
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O4888925,88929,88931,88934,88941,88946,88982,8898514899
Majorite  (*)GarnetMg3(MgSi)(SiO4)318901224
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2388890,88904,8900912537
Marcasite  (*)MarcasiteFeS2588890,88901,88923,88985,890095674
Merrillite  (*)CeriteCa9NaMg(PO4)7188925230
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)788942,88943,88944,88946,88947,88955,889654924
Molybdenite  (*)MolybdeniteMoS2288923,889825800
Monazite-(Ce)  (*)MonaziteCe(PO4)188948945
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)21088905,88916,88923,88928,88942,88943,88944,88946,88947,8895717380
Oldhamite  (*)RocksaltCaS18888058
Omphacite  (*)Pyroxene(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe,Al)Si2O6188925229
Orthoclase  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)1889232349
Petzite  (*)NoneAg3AuTe2188959409
Phenakite  (*)PhenakiteBe2(SiO4)188988326
Phlogopite  (*)Mica ClayKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)21889152273
Pigeonite  (*)Pyroxene(Mg,Fe,Ca)2Si2O6199.4196.2288886,88925303
Pyrargyrite  (*)NoneAg3SbS31889851425
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS2988901,88904,88923,88931,88959,88982,88985,88987,8900139462
Pyromorphite  (*)ApatitePb5(PO4)3Cl288890,890091725
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S8199.4196.2488887,88923,88925,889859056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO22888890,88904,88905,88915,88916,88922,88923,88928,88929,88931,88941,88942,88943,88944,88946,88947,88948,88955,88957,88959,88965,88978,88992,88994,89001,89007,89009,8901261156
Rectorite  (*)Corrensite Clay(Na,Ca)Al4(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4·2H2O18895749
Riebeckite  (*)Amphibole   Na2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)Si8O22(OH)2388982,88992,88994375
Rossmanite  (*)Tourmaline   (Al2Li)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)18896937
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO2288923,889315614
Schorl  (*)TourmalineNaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)388916,88946,889552705
Schreibersite  (*)None(Fe,Ni)3P388880,88898,88953374
Seifertite  (*)ColumbiteSiO21889253
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)388904,88931,890016417
Sillimanite  (*)Not in a structural groupAl2SiO51889281516
Silver  (*)CopperAg388890,88985,890095186
Smithsonite  (*)CalciteZn(CO3)288890,890092473
Spessartine  (*)GarnetMn2+3Al2(SiO4)3488960,88961,88964,889931214
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS199.4196.21288887,88890,88901,88903,88904,88922,88923,88953,88985,88987,89001,8900921482
Spinel  (*)SpinelMgAl2O4199.4196.2388886,88925,890121934
Spodumene  (*)PyroxeneLiAlSi2O6188978688
Stannite  (*)Stannite SphaleriteCu2FeSnS4199.4196.2388887,88904,88923668
Stephanite  (*)NoneAg5SbS4188985586
Sternbergite  (*)CubaniteAgFe2S318898562
Stishovite  (*)RutileSiO2288925,8901226
Stolzite  (*)ScheelitePb(WO4)188910156
Taenite  (*)None(Ni,Fe)199.4196.2488880,88886,88893,88953703
Tantalite-(Mn)  (*)ColumbiteMn2+Ta2O6188945211
Tennantite-(Fe)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Fe2)As4S131889011803
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S13288890,890095317
Thomsenolite  (*)NoneNaCaAlF6·H2O288978,8899423
Thorite  (*)ZirconTh(SiO4)888923,88941,88948,88978,88982,88987,88992,889941006
Tin  (*)NoneSn199.4196.218888563
Topaz  (*)TopazAl2SiO4F2588923,88946,88978,88981,889941476
Tridymite  (*)TridymiteSiO2199.4196.2188886458
Troilite  (*)NoneFeS199.4196.2688880,88886,88893,88898,88953,890121044
Wadsleyite  (*)WadsleyiteMg2SiO418901213
Whitlockite  (*)CeriteCa9Mg(PO3OH)(PO4)6188925104
Wittichenite  (*)NoneCu3BiS3188901297
Xenotime-(Y)  (*)ZirconY(PO4)388923,88987,89002939
Zagamiite  (*)Not in a structural groupCaAl2Si3.5O111889251
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)888923,88931,88941,88978,88982,88987,88992,889945251


2 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Alexandra-0267199.4196.2197.8±1.6U-PbAge of Nb-Ta mineralizationcolumbite-(fe), cassiterite148   Ta, Nb158275Bauchi, NigeriaBauchi-ProvinceMelcher et al. (2015)10.1016/j.oregeorev.2013.09.003OGR64_667 
Bradley_2012_106562532547±15Rb/Sr muscovite   Muscovite  248366Wamba, Nasarawa, NigeriaWambaMcCauley and Bradley (2014)10.3749/canmin.52.2.183CM52_183 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL
R100137Nigeriahttps://rruff.info/R100137
R070591Jemaa, Kaduna, Nigeriahttps://rruff.info/R070591
R050176Jos Plateau, Plateau, Nigeriahttps://rruff.info/R050176
R050200Jos Plateau, Plateau, Nigeriahttps://rruff.info/R050200

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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