Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Mutoshi (Ruwe), Kolwezi Mining District, Lualaba, DR Congo

Oldest recorded age at locality: 900
Youngest recorded age at locality: 900

mindat Locality ID: 234731
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-234731.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Mutoshi (Ruwe), Kolwezi Mining District, Lualaba, DR Congo": 1
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 1

Number of Child Localities: 1
Child Localities:
Mutoshi Mine (Ruwe Mine)

Latitude: 10°40'40"S
Longitude: 25°32'7"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): -10.677777777778,25.535277777778

AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al As Au C Ca Co Cu Fe H Ni O P Pb Pd Pt S Se Si Sn Ti U V Y Zn 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AdeliteAllophaneAndalusiteBrochantiteChalcopyriteCopperCorundumCovelliteDescloiziteFritzscheite
MalachiteMixiteNoneNot in a structural groupPlancheitePyriteQuartzRutileSpinelVolborthite

30 IMA Minerals at location:
Agardite-(Y)  (*)Azurite  (*)Bornite  (*)Brochantite  (*)Carrollite  (*)
Chalcocite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)Chrysocolla  (*)Conichalcite  (*)Covellite  (*)
Cuprite  (*)Descloizite  (*)Dioptase  (*)Gold  (*)Hematite  (*)
Libethenite  (*)Malachite  (*)Metatyuyamunite  (*)Mottramite  (*)Oosterboschite  (*)
Palladinite  (*)Plancheite  (*)Platinum  (*)Pseudomalachite  (*)Pyrite  (*)
Quartz  (*)Rutile  (*)Tin  (*)Volborthite  (*)Vysotskite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Agardite-(Y)  (*)MixiteYCu2+6(AsO4)3(OH)6·3H2O90090014884490
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)29009001488445509
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS49009001488445516
Brochantite  (*)BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)69009001488441633
Carrollite  (*)SpinelCuCo2S4900900148844154
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S9009001488445707
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS290090014884427198
Chrysocolla  (*)Allophane(Cu2-xAlx)H2-xSi2O5(OH)4·nH2O9009001488443531
Conichalcite  (*)AdeliteCaCu(AsO4)(OH)900900148844363
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS9009001488444165
Cuprite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2O9009001488442970
Descloizite  (*)DescloizitePbZn(VO4)(OH)900900148844378
Dioptase  (*)NoneCuSiO3·H2O900900148844164
Gold  (*)CopperAu90090014884430554
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O390090014884414640
Libethenite  (*)AndalusiteCu2(PO4)(OH)900900148844234
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)290090014884412537
Metatyuyamunite  (*)FritzscheiteCa(UO2)2(VO4)2·3H2O900900148844129
Mottramite  (*)DescloizitePbCu(VO4)(OH)900900148844362
Oosterboschite  (*)None(Pd,Cu)7Se59009001488445
Palladinite  (*)NonePdO9009001488446
Plancheite  (*)PlancheiteCu8(Si4O11)2(OH)4·H2O90090014884474
Platinum  (*)CopperPt900900148844485
Pseudomalachite  (*)NoneCu5(PO4)2(OH)4900900148844369
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS290090014884439462
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO290090014884461156
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO29009001488445614
Tin  (*)NoneSn90090014884463
Volborthite  (*)VolborthiteCu3V2O7(OH)2·2H2O900900148844155
Vysotskite  (*)NonePdS90090014884453



2 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
sedcu-00388900900U. Proterozoic     Yes Cu4329Kolwezi Mine, Kolwezi, Kolwezi Mining District, Lualaba, DR CongoKolweziCox et al. (2003) USGSOFR03_107 
sedcu-00386900900U. Proterozoic       Cu20111Mutoshi Mine (Ruwe Mine), Mutoshi (Ruwe), Kolwezi Mining District, Lualaba, DR CongoMutoshiCox et al. (2003) USGSOFR03_107 


SampleSource LocalityReference URL


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