Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 60
Youngest recorded age at locality: 39

mindat Locality ID: 23992
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-23992.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA": 94
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 85

Number of Child Localities: 76
Child Localities:
American Express Mine (Rudolph Claims: Winneshiek; Greenough; Chance; Dolphin; Imperial Mine; Costello; Claim: Costello Fraction)
Baltimore & Deadwood
Best Placer
Black Tail Gulch
Blacktail
Blacktail Gulch
Bobtail Gulch
Carroll Mine (Carroll Group)
Champion Mine
Columbus Mine (Sir Roderik Dhu)
Deadbroke Mine (Phoenix Group)
Deadwood - Golden Terra Mine (Deadwood Terra)
Deadwood Gulch
Deadwood Tungsten Property (Maggie)
Eagle Number 4 Mine
Echo Mine
Esmeralda Mine (Baltimore And Deadwood Claim: Hidden Treasure Claim)
Etta Mine
Fasle Bottom Creek
Fasle Bottom Prospect
Father De Smet Mine
Flora Bell Mine
Gentle Annie Mine
Giant And Old Abe Mine
Gladiator Mine (Winnie F. Claim; Cutting Claim; Kangaroo Claim)
Globe Mine (Bismark Group)
Glover Mine
Gold Run Gulch
Golden Gate
Goldfinch Mine
Gopher Mine
Grants Mine (Hidden Fortune Mine; Sula Claim; Brunnett Claim; St. Patrick Claim; Swamp Eagle Claim; Bingham Claim; Grant Reddy Claim; Iowa Claim; Golden Crown Claim)
Great Eastern Mine
Hawkeye-Pluma Mine
Hidden Fortune Mines
Hidden Treasure Group
Hidden Treasure Group Mine
High Lode Mine
Highland Mine
Hoffman Iron Deposit Mine
Homestake Mill
Homestake Tungsten Properties
Imperial
Iron Pit (MRDS - 10299101)
Jupiter Mine (Gustin Redemption Group Mine)
Kicking Horse Mine
Lead
Lexington Hill (Highland Chief; Anna; Black Hills; Denver; Oro Cache; Ophin)
Little Bonanza Mine
LOR Mine (AMH No. 1 Claim; LOR Mining Company)
Louella Mine
Maitland Mine (Realization Mine; Penobscot Mine - Lawrence County; Garden City; Keystone)
Minnesota Group (Garden City Claim; Big Red Claim; Dauntless Claim)
Monitor Mine
Omega Mine
Oro Cash Mine
Oro Hondo Mine
Peceho Mine
Pennsylvania Mine (Golden Rule Claim)
Pinney Mine
Pluma
Queen Of The Hills Mine
Railroad Tunnels
Rattler Mine
Rex Mine
Ross Hannibal Mine (North Star Mine; Hannibal Mine; And Mikado Mine)
Rua Mine Area (Two Johns Mine Area)
Scandinavian Mine
Slavonian Mine (Glover Mine)
State Land Gypsum Quarry (MRDS - 10201902)
Susa Fractional Claim (Frerichs Mining Company)
Twin Peaks
Wells Fargo Mine
Whitewood Creek Placers
Whitewood Gulch
Wolf Prospect (Hoosier Prospect; Hidden Treasure Prospect)

Latitude: 44°21'49"N
Longitude: 103°46'3"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 44.363611111111,-103.7675
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au Ba Bi C Ca Ce Cl Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn Mo Na O P Pb S Sb Si Sr Te Ti V W Zn Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al Na O Si 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AdeliteAluniteAmphiboleApatiteAragoniteArsenicArsenopyriteBaryteCalciteChalcopyrite
ChloriteClayClinozoisiteColumbiteCopperCorundumEpidoteEpsomiteFeldsparFluorite
GarnetGypsumMalachiteMelanteriteMeloniteMicaMonaziteNatroliteNickelineNone
Not in a structural groupOlivinePyritePyroxeneQuartzRocksaltRutileScheeliteSincositeSphalerite
SpinelTalcTetradymiteTetrahedriteTungstiteVivianiteZircon

66 IMA Minerals at location:
Actinolite  (*)Aegirine  (*)Albite  (*)Almandine  (*)Anhydrite  (*)
Ankerite  (*)Aragonite  (*)Arsenic  (*)Arsenopyrite  (*)Azurite  (*)
Baryte  (*)Calaverite  (*)Calcite  (*)Celestine  (*)Cerussite  (*)
Chalcopyrite  (*)Chamosite  (*)Conichalcite  (*)Copper  (*)Cosalite  (*)
Cummingtonite  (*)Dolomite  (*)Epidote  (*)Epsomite  (*)Ferberite  (*)
Fluorite  (*)Galena  (*)Gold  (*)Graphite  (*)Grunerite  (*)
Gypsum  (*)Hematite  (*)Hessite  (*)Jarosite  (*)Kalinite  (*)
Magnesite  (*)Magnetite  (*)Malachite  (*)Melanterite  (*)Mimetite  (*)
Minyulite  (*)Monazite-(Ce)  (*)Natrolite  (*)Orthoclase  (*)Phlogopite  (*)
Purpurite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Pyrolusite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)Quartz  (*)
Rhodochrosite  (*)Rutile  (*)Scheelite  (*)Siderite  (*)Silver  (*)
Sincosite  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Strontianite  (*)Talc  (*)Tetradymite  (*)
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)Tremolite  (*)Tungstite  (*)Vivianite  (*)Wulfenite  (*)
Zircon  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)212656623419
Aegirine  (*)PyroxeneNaFe3+Si2O612656221022
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)603908803
Almandine  (*)GarnetFe2+3Al2(SiO4)312656622353
Anhydrite  (*)Not in a structural groupCa(SO4)12656621588
Ankerite  (*)NoneCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)22265662,2656633092
Aragonite  (*)AragoniteCa(CO3)12656623250
Arsenic  (*)ArsenicAs1265662379
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS12656629052
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)212656825509
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)58406265636,265639,265642,265648,265662,26568211547
Calaverite  (*)MeloniteAuTe22265628,265675361
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)58406265611,265636,265639,265662,265677,26568227770
Celestine  (*)BaryteSr(SO4)12656491252
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)58402265636,2656394979
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS23265662,265677,26568527198
Chamosite  (*)Chlorite Clay(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)81265662577
Conichalcite  (*)AdeliteCaCu(AsO4)(OH)1265665363
Copper  (*)CopperCu12656623846
Cosalite  (*)NonePb2Bi2S51265662344
Cummingtonite  (*)Amphibole   Mg2Mg5Si8O22(OH)21265662327
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)212656629895
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)12656288173
Epsomite  (*)EpsomiteMg(SO4)·7H2O1265662484
Ferberite  (*)ColumbiteFe2+(WO4)1265642551
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF260396265619,265649,265650,265662,265675,2656829617
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS126566224243
Gold  (*)CopperAu584053265600,265604,265605,265607,265609,265610,265612,265613,265614,265616,265618,265620,265621,265624,265625,265626,265627,265629,265630,265632,265633,265634,265635,265636,265637,265638,265639,265642,265650,265651,265652,265658,265659,265661,265662,265665,265667,265668,265669,265670,265671,265672,265673,265674,265675,265678,265680,265681,265682,265684,265687,265689,26569230554
Graphite  (*)NoneC12656622812
Grunerite  (*)Amphibole   Fe2+2Fe2+5Si8O22(OH)21265662223
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O12656826890
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O33265653,265662,26567214640
Hessite  (*)NoneAg2Te1265682804
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)612656422228
Kalinite  (*)NoneKAl(SO4)2·11H2O126567954
Magnesite  (*)CalciteMg(CO3)12656621487
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O4126566214899
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)22265662,26568212537
Melanterite  (*)MelanteriteFe(SO4)·7H2O1265638915
Mimetite  (*)ApatitePb5(AsO4)3Cl58402265636,2656391107
Minyulite  (*)NoneKAl2(PO4)2F·4H2O126568231
Monazite-(Ce)  (*)MonaziteCe(PO4)1265662945
Natrolite  (*)NatroliteNa2(Si3Al2)O10·2H2O12656831236
Orthoclase  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)3265662,265683,2656882349
Phlogopite  (*)Mica ClayKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)212656622273
Purpurite  (*)OlivineMn3+(PO4)126568280
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS217265607,265612,265613,265621,265624,265627,265628,265633,265635,265638,265652,265662,265663,265675,265677,265682,26568539462
Pyrolusite  (*)RutileMnO212656533106
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S812656629056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO222265612,265614,265620,265624,265625,265627,265633,265634,265635,265637,265642,265650,265652,265653,265662,265663,265672,265674,265677,265680,265682,26568461156
Rhodochrosite  (*)CalciteMn(CO3)12656621711
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO212656625614
Scheelite  (*)ScheeliteCa(WO4)12656424894
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)2265611,2656626417
Silver  (*)CopperAg584028265600,265607,265610,265612,265613,265614,265620,265626,265628,265629,265630,265636,265638,265642,265650,265658,265659,265661,265665,265668,265669,265670,265671,265673,265675,265678,265682,2656895186
Sincosite  (*)SincositeCa(VO)2(PO4)2·4H2O126568210
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS2265662,26567721482
Strontianite  (*)AragoniteSr(CO3)1265662589
Talc  (*)Clay TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)212656623337
Tetradymite  (*)TetradymiteBi2Te2S2265662,265677510
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S132265628,2656625317
Tremolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg5.0-4.5Fe2+0.0-0.5)Si8O22(OH)212656622562
Tungstite  (*)TungstiteWO3·H2O1265642118
Vivianite  (*)VivianiteFe2+3(PO4)2·8H2O1265662636
Wulfenite  (*)ScheelitePbMoO458402265636,2656391655
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)12656625251


29 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
NAVDAT-2703603949+11/-10   2703    121730Echo Mine, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-4742554047+8/-7   4742    121730Echo Mine, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-4743554047+8/-7   4743    121730Echo Mine, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-4744554047+8/-7   4744    121730Echo Mine, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-4745554047+8/-7   4745    121730Echo Mine, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-4746554047+8/-7   4746    121730Echo Mine, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-4747554047+8/-7   4747    121730Echo Mine, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-5869554550±5   5869    121730Echo Mine, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-5870554550±5   5870    121730Echo Mine, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-5871554550±5   5871    121730Echo Mine, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-5872554550±5   5872    121730Echo Mine, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-5873554550±5   5873    121730Echo Mine, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-5874554550±5   5874    121730Echo Mine, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-5875554550±5   5875    121730Echo Mine, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-5876554550±5   5876    121730Echo Mine, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-5877554550±5   5877    121730Echo Mine, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-5878554550±5   5878    121730Echo Mine, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-5879554550±5   5879    121730Echo Mine, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-5880554550±5   5880    121730Echo Mine, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-5881554550±5   5881    121730Echo Mine, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-5882554550±5   5882    121730Echo Mine, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-5883554550±5   5883    121730Echo Mine, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-5884554550±5   5884    121730Echo Mine, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-5885554550±5   5885    121730Echo Mine, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-92297584652±6   92297    121730Echo Mine, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-4740554047+8/-7   4740    11496Grants Mine (Hidden Fortune Mine; Sula Claim; Brunnett Claim; St. Patrick Claim; Swamp Eagle Claim; Bingham Claim; Grant Reddy Claim; Iowa Claim; Golden Crown Claim), Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-92295584652±6   92295    11496Grants Mine (Hidden Fortune Mine; Sula Claim; Brunnett Claim; St. Patrick Claim; Swamp Eagle Claim; Bingham Claim; Grant Reddy Claim; Iowa Claim; Golden Crown Claim), Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-92298584652±6   92298    11496Grants Mine (Hidden Fortune Mine; Sula Claim; Brunnett Claim; St. Patrick Claim; Swamp Eagle Claim; Bingham Claim; Grant Reddy Claim; Iowa Claim; Golden Crown Claim), Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-4759554047+8/-7   4759    121799Minnesota Group (Garden City Claim; Big Red Claim; Dauntless Claim), Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL
R070186Homestake Mine, Lead, Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USAhttps://rruff.info/R070186
R060523Ross Hannibal Mine (North Star Mine; Hannibal Mine; And Mikado Mine), Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USAhttps://rruff.info/R060523
R141155Ross Hannibal Mine (North Star Mine; Hannibal Mine; And Mikado Mine), Lead District, Lawrence Co., South Dakota, USAhttps://rruff.info/R141155

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...

Other copyright data...