Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Upper Chegem Volcanic Caldera (Verkhnechegemskaya Caldera), Baksan Valley, Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia

Oldest recorded age at locality: 3
Youngest recorded age at locality: 2.3

mindat Locality ID: 241014
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-241014.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Upper Chegem Volcanic Caldera (Verkhnechegemskaya Caldera), Baksan Valley, Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia": 5
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 4

Number of Child Localities: 1
Child Localities:
Lakargi Mt.

Latitude: 43°12'0"N
Longitude: 43°6'0"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 43.2,43.1
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al B C Ca Cl F Fe H K Li Mg Na O S Sb Si Sn Ti U Zn Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: C Ca Fe H O Si Ti Zr 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AllophaneApatiteAragoniteBrownmilleriteBruciteCalciteClayCorundumEttringiteFeldspar
FluoriteGarnetHumiteHydrotalciteLepidocrociteMayeniteNeptuniteNoneNot in a structural groupOlivine
PerovskitePyroxeneQuartzRocksaltRutileSmectite-vermiculiteSphaleriteSpinelSpurrite-AfwilliteTobermorite
Wöhlerite

68 IMA Minerals at location:
Aegirine  (*)Afwillite  (*)Aklimaite  (*)Albite  (*)Allophane  (*)
Andradite  (*)Aragonite  (*)Bitikleite  (*)Böhmite  (*)Brucite  (*)
Bultfonteinite  (*)Calcio-olivine  (*)Calcite  (*)Chegemite  (*)Chlorkyuygenite  (*)
Cuspidine  (*)Dovyrenite  (*)Dzhuluite  (*)Edgrewite  (*)Elbrusite  (*)
Eltyubyuite  (*)Ettringite  (*)Fluorchegemite  (*)Fluorite  (*)Galuskinite  (*)
Hematite  (*)Hillebrandite  (*)Hydrocalumite  (*)Hydroxyledgrewite  (*)Hydroxylellestadite  (*)
Ilmenite  (*)Irinarassite  (*)Jennite  (*)Kerimasite  (*)Killalaite  (*)
Kimzeyite  (*)Kumtyubeite  (*)Lakargiite  (*)Larnite  (*)Magnesioferrite  (*)
Magnesioneptunite  (*)Megawite  (*)Microcline  (*)Neptunite  (*)Pavlovskyite  (*)
Periclase  (*)Perovskite  (*)Plombièrite  (*)Quartz  (*)Reinhardbraunsite  (*)
Rondorfite  (*)Rusinovite  (*)Rutile  (*)Saponite  (*)Sharyginite  (*)
Sphalerite  (*)Spurrite  (*)Srebrodolskite  (*)Sturmanite  (*)Tazheranite  (*)
Thaumasite  (*)Toturite  (*)Trabzonite  (*)Usturite  (*)Vorlanite  (*)
Wadalite  (*)Xonotlite  (*)Zeophyllite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Aegirine  (*)PyroxeneNaFe3+Si2O63311021811022
Afwillite  (*)Spurrite-AfwilliteCa3[SiO4][SiO2(OH)2]·2H2O32.32102179,10218041
Aklimaite  (*)Not in a structural groupCa4[Si2O5(OH)2](OH)4·5H2O32.311021791
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)3311021818803
Allophane  (*)AllophaneAl2O3(SiO2)1.3-2.0·2.5-3.0H2O331102178470
Andradite  (*)GarnetCa3Fe3+2(SiO4)332.301534
Aragonite  (*)AragoniteCa(CO3)3311021783250
Bitikleite  (*)GarnetCa3(SbSn)(AlO4)332.311021791
Böhmite  (*)LepidocrociteAlO(OH)331102178195
Brucite  (*)BruciteMg(OH)232.32102178,102180462
Bultfonteinite  (*)Spurrite-AfwilliteCa2SiO3(OH)F·H2O32.32102179,10218220
Calcio-olivine  (*)OlivineCa2(SiO4)32.311021808
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)33110217827770
Chegemite  (*)HumiteCa7(SiO4)3(OH)232.32102179,1021822
Chlorkyuygenite  (*)MayeniteCa12Al14O32[(H2O)4Cl2]32.311021791
Cuspidine  (*)WöhleriteCa8(Si2O7)2F432.33102179,102180,10218267
Dovyrenite  (*)NoneCa6Zr(Si2O7)2(OH)432.302
Dzhuluite  (*)GarnetCa3(SbSn)(Fe3+O4)332.311021791
Edgrewite  (*)HumiteCa9(SiO4)4F232.311021791
Elbrusite  (*)GarnetCa3(U6+0.5Zr1.5)(Fe3+O4)332.32102179,1021802
Eltyubyuite  (*)MayeniteCa12Fe3+10Si4O32Cl632.311021795
Ettringite  (*)EttringiteCa6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12·27H2O32.32102178,10218293
Fluorchegemite  (*)HumiteCa7(SiO4)3F232.311021792
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF232.32102179,1021829617
Galuskinite  (*)Not in a structural groupCa7(SiO4)3(CO3)32.302
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O333110217814640
Hillebrandite  (*)NoneCa2SiO3(OH)232.3110217917
Hydrocalumite  (*)HydrotalciteCa4Al2(OH)12(Cl,CO3,OH)2·4H2O32.32102179,10218030
Hydroxyledgrewite  (*)HumiteCa9(SiO4)4(OH)232.311021791
Hydroxylellestadite  (*)ApatiteCa5(SiO4)1.5(SO4)1.5OH32.32102179,10218022
Ilmenite  (*)CorundumFe2+Ti4+O33311021815433
Irinarassite  (*)GarnetCa3Sn2(SiAl2)O1232.32102178,1021821
Jennite  (*)NoneCa9(Si3O9)2(OH)6·8H2O32.32102178,10217918
Kerimasite  (*)GarnetCa3Zr2(SiFe3+2)O1232.32102179,1021808
Killalaite  (*)NoneCa6.4[H0.6Si2O7]2(OH)232.32102178,1021795
Kimzeyite  (*)GarnetCa3Zr2(SiAl2)O1233110217817
Kumtyubeite  (*)HumiteCa5(SiO4)2F232.311021795
Lakargiite  (*)PerovskiteCaZrO332.33102179,102180,10218210
Larnite  (*)Not in a structural groupCa2(SiO4)32.33102179,102180,10218248
Magnesioferrite  (*)SpinelMgFe3+2O432.3110218098
Magnesioneptunite  (*)NeptuniteKNa2Li(Mg,Fe)2Ti2Si8O24332102178,1021811
Megawite  (*)PerovskiteCaSnO332.311021801
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)3311021814924
Neptunite  (*)NeptuniteKNa2LiFe2+2Ti2Si8O2433110218149
Pavlovskyite  (*)NoneCa8(SiO4)2(Si3O10)32.32102178,1021793
Periclase  (*)RocksaltMgO32.32102178,102180114
Perovskite  (*)PerovskiteCaTiO332.32102179,102180495
Plombièrite  (*)TobermoriteCa4Si6O16(OH)2(H2O)2·(Ca·5H2O)33110217828
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO2332102178,10218161156
Reinhardbraunsite  (*)HumiteCa5(SiO4)2(OH)232.32102180,1021829
Rondorfite  (*)NoneCa8Mg(SiO4)4Cl232.33102179,102180,1021827
Rusinovite  (*)Not in a structural groupCa10(Si2O7)3Cl232.32102179,1021805
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO23311021815614
Saponite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculite(Ca,Na)0.3(Mg,Fe)3(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2·4H2O331102178301
Sharyginite  (*)Brownmillerite PerovskiteCa3TiFe2O832.307
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS33110217821482
Spurrite  (*)Spurrite-AfwilliteCa5(SiO4)2(CO3)32.3110218054
Srebrodolskite  (*)Brownmillerite PerovskiteCa2Fe3+2O532.32102179,10218025
Sturmanite  (*)EttringiteCa6Fe3+2(SO4)2.5[B(OH)4](OH)12·25H2O3311021786
Tazheranite  (*)Fluorite(Zr,Ti,Ca)(O,   )23311021788
Thaumasite  (*)EttringiteCa3Si(OH)6(CO3)(SO4)·12H2O331102178183
Toturite  (*)GarnetCa3Sn2(SiFe3+2)O1232.32102178,1021801
Trabzonite  (*)NoneCa4[Si3O9(OH)](OH)32.32102178,1021792
Usturite  (*)GarnetCa3(SbZr)(FeO4)332.32102178,1021821
Vorlanite  (*)FluoriteCaUO432.32102178,1021825
Wadalite  (*)MayeniteCa6Al5Si2O16Cl332.33102178,102179,10218011
Xonotlite  (*)NoneCa6Si6O17(OH)2331102178109
Zeophyllite  (*)NoneCa13Si10O28(OH)2F8·6H2O33110217818


4 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Alexandra-009432.83.0-2.8K-ArAge of rock      241014Upper Chegem Volcanic Caldera (Verkhnechegemskaya Caldera), Baksan Valley, Kabardino-Balkaria, RussiaUpper Chegem Volcanic Caldera (Verkhnechegemskaya Caldera)Zadov et al. (2011)10.1134/S1075701511080186GOD53_775 
Alexandra-00952.72.32.5 ± 0.2K-ArAge of rock      241014Upper Chegem Volcanic Caldera (Verkhnechegemskaya Caldera), Baksan Valley, Kabardino-Balkaria, RussiaUpper Chegem Volcanic Caldera (Verkhnechegemskaya Caldera)Zadov et al. (2011)10.1134/S1075701511080186GOD53_775 
Alexandra-00962.72.72.7Ar-ArAge of rock      241014Upper Chegem Volcanic Caldera (Verkhnechegemskaya Caldera), Baksan Valley, Kabardino-Balkaria, RussiaUpper Chegem Volcanic Caldera (Verkhnechegemskaya Caldera)Zadov et al. (2011)10.1134/S1075701511080186GOD53_775 
Grew_Li_2019_0062333      Magnesioneptunite 267813Xenolith No. 5, Lakargi Mt., Upper Chegem Volcanic Caldera (Verkhnechegemskaya Caldera), Baksan Valley, Kabardino-Balkaria, RussiaXenolith #5, Upper Chegem caldera, near Mount Lakargi, Kabardino–Balkaria, North Caucasus, RussiaZadov et al. (2011) GOD53_775 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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