Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Twin Buttes, Pima District (Olive District; Mineral Hill District; Twin Buttes District), Sierrita Mts, Pima Co., Arizona, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 67
Youngest recorded age at locality: 58

mindat Locality ID: 24828
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-24828.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Twin Buttes, Pima District (Olive District; Mineral Hill District; Twin Buttes District), Sierrita Mts, Pima Co., Arizona, USA": 8
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 7

Number of Child Localities: 7
Child Localities:
Arizona No. 3 Mine (Argenta Mine; Dogtown Mine)
Bobbie Mine
Queen Mine
Senator Morgan Mine Group
Twin Buttes Mine (Twin Buttes Open Pit Mine)
University Mine (SX Mine - Shaft No. 7)
Vulcan Mine Group (Vulcan Mine)

Latitude: 31°57'7"N
Longitude: 111°5'40"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 31.951944444444,-111.09444444444
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al As B Ba C Ca Cl Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn Mo Na O P Pb S Sb Si Ti V W Zn 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al Ba Cl Cu H O S Si 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AdeliteAllophaneAluniteAmphiboleApatiteAragoniteAtacamiteBaryteBrochantiteCalcite
CaledoniteChalcopyriteChloriteClayClinozoisiteCopperCorundumDescloiziteDiasporeDigenite
EpidoteEpsomiteFeldsparFluoriteGarnetGypsumKaoliniteMalachiteMarcasiteMica
MolybdeniteNickelineNoneNot in a structural groupOlivinePalygorskitePyritePyroxeneRhodoniteRocksalt
RutileScheeliteSerpentineSmectite-vermiculiteSphaleriteSpinelStibniteTalcTetrahedriteTitanite
TopazTourmalineTurquoiseVesuvianiteWollastonite

77 IMA Minerals at location:
Actinolite  (*)Allophane  (*)Andradite  (*)Anhydrite  (*)Antigorite  (*)
Atacamite  (*)Aurichalcite  (*)Azurite  (*)Baryte  (*)Bornite  (*)
Brochantite  (*)Calcite  (*)Caledonite  (*)Cerussite  (*)Chalcocite  (*)
Chalcopyrite  (*)Chrysocolla  (*)Clinochlore  (*)Copper  (*)Cuprite  (*)
Descloizite  (*)Digenite  (*)Diopside  (*)Dolomite  (*)Duftite  (*)
Epidote  (*)Ferrimolybdite  (*)Fluorite  (*)Forsterite  (*)Galena  (*)
Goethite  (*)Goslarite  (*)Grossular  (*)Gypsum  (*)Hedenbergite  (*)
Hematite  (*)Hemimorphite  (*)Jarosite  (*)Kaolinite  (*)Kinoite  (*)
Laumontite  (*)Magnetite  (*)Malachite  (*)Marcasite  (*)Microcline  (*)
Molybdenite  (*)Montmorillonite  (*)Mottramite  (*)Muscovite  (*)Nontronite  (*)
Palygorskite  (*)Phlogopite  (*)Plumbojarosite  (*)Powellite  (*)Pyrite  (*)
Pyrolusite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)Rhodochrosite  (*)Rhodonite  (*)Rutile  (*)
Scheelite  (*)Schorl  (*)Siderite  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Stibnite  (*)
Stringhamite  (*)Talc  (*)Tenorite  (*)Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)Titanite  (*)
Topaz  (*)Tremolite  (*)Turquoise  (*)Vanadinite  (*)Vesuvianite  (*)
Wollastonite  (*)Wulfenite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2585811446903419
Allophane  (*)AllophaneAl2O3(SiO2)1.3-2.0·2.5-3.0H2O58580470
Andradite  (*)GarnetCa3Fe3+2(SiO4)3585811446901534
Anhydrite  (*)Not in a structural groupCa(SO4)585811446901588
Antigorite  (*)Serpentine ClayMg3Si2O5(OH)458581144690708
Atacamite  (*)AtacamiteCu2Cl(OH)358580544
Aurichalcite  (*)None(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)658581144688919
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)2585811446905509
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)5858011547
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS4585811446905516
Brochantite  (*)BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6585811446901633
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)5858114469027770
Caledonite  (*)CaledoniteCu2Pb5(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)658581144690359
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)585811446904979
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S58582144688,1446905707
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS258583144689,144690,14469327198
Chrysocolla  (*)Allophane(Cu2-xAlx)H2-xSi2O5(OH)4·nH2O58582144690,1446923531
Clinochlore  (*)Chlorite ClayMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8585811446901756
Copper  (*)CopperCu585811446903846
Cuprite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2O585811446902970
Descloizite  (*)DescloizitePbZn(VO4)(OH)58581144690378
Digenite  (*)DigeniteCu1.8S585811446901027
Diopside  (*)PyroxeneCaMgSi2O658582144689,1446904135
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)2585811446909895
Duftite  (*)AdelitePbCu(AsO4)(OH)58581144690220
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)58582144689,1446908173
Ferrimolybdite  (*)NoneFe3+2(Mo6+O4)3·7H2O58581144691345
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF2585811446909617
Forsterite  (*)OlivineMg2(SiO4)585811446901188
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS5858114469024243
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)585811446907437
Goslarite  (*)EpsomiteZn(SO4)·7H2O67581144692188
Grossular  (*)GarnetCa3Al2(SiO4)3585811446901544
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O585811446906890
Hedenbergite  (*)PyroxeneCaFe2+Si2O667581144689741
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O35858114469014640
Hemimorphite  (*)Not in a structural groupZn4(Si2O7)(OH)2·H2O675811446881689
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6585811446902228
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)4585811446905591
Kinoite  (*)NoneCa2Cu2Si3O10·2H2O5858114469017
Laumontite  (*)Not in a structural groupCaAl2Si4O12·4H2O585811446901271
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O45858114469014899
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)25858114469012537
Marcasite  (*)MarcasiteFeS2675811446885674
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)585811446904924
Molybdenite  (*)MolybdeniteMoS2585811446905800
Montmorillonite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculite(Na,Ca)0.3(Al,Mg)2Si4O10(OH)2·nH2O585811446901508
Mottramite  (*)DescloizitePbCu(VO4)(OH)58581144690362
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)25858114469017380
Nontronite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculiteNa0.3Fe3+2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2·nH2O58581144690471
Palygorskite  (*)Palygorskite Clay(Mg,Al)2Si4O10(OH)·4H2O58581144690306
Phlogopite  (*)Mica ClayKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2585811446902273
Plumbojarosite  (*)AlunitePb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)658581144690477
Powellite  (*)ScheeliteCa(MoO4)58582144689,144690494
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS258583144689,144690,14469239462
Pyrolusite  (*)RutileMnO2585811446903106
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S8585811446909056
Rhodochrosite  (*)CalciteMn(CO3)585811446901711
Rhodonite  (*)RhodoniteCaMn3Mn(Si5O15)58581144690969
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO2585811446905614
Scheelite  (*)ScheeliteCa(WO4)58582144689,1446904894
Schorl  (*)TourmalineNaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)585811446902705
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)585811446906417
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS5858114469021482
Stibnite  (*)StibniteSb2S3585811446903418
Stringhamite  (*)NoneCaCu(SiO4)·H2O585811446908
Talc  (*)Clay TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2585811446903337
Tenorite  (*)NoneCuO585811446901101
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S13585811446905317
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O585811446904899
Topaz  (*)TopazAl2SiO4F2585811446901476
Tremolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg5.0-4.5Fe2+0.0-0.5)Si8O22(OH)267582144689,1446902562
Turquoise  (*)TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O58581144690484
Vanadinite  (*)ApatitePb5(VO4)3Cl58581144690605
Vesuvianite  (*)Vesuvianite(Ca,Na)19(Al,Mg,Fe)13(SiO4)10(Si2O7)4(OH,F,O)10585811446901395
Wollastonite  (*)WollastoniteCaSiO3585811446901247
Wulfenite  (*)ScheelitePbMoO467582144690,1446921655


6 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
EG94_211-00050676767Pb-Pb whole rock?KD-GR2-1 Yes  22945Sierrita Mine (Duval-Sierrita Mine; Duval Esperanza Mine; Sierrita Open Pit Mine), Batamote Hills, Pima District (Olive District; Mineral Hill District; Twin Buttes District), Sierrita Mts, Pima Co., Arizona, USASierritaBouse et al. (1999)10.2113/gsecongeo.94.2.211EG94_211 
EG94_211-00051676767Pb-Pb whole rock?D-MR2-2 Yes  22945Sierrita Mine (Duval-Sierrita Mine; Duval Esperanza Mine; Sierrita Open Pit Mine), Batamote Hills, Pima District (Olive District; Mineral Hill District; Twin Buttes District), Sierrita Mts, Pima Co., Arizona, USASierritaBouse et al. (1999)10.2113/gsecongeo.94.2.211EG94_211 
EG94_211-00052636363Pb-Pb whole rock?RS-MR-5 Yes  22945Sierrita Mine (Duval-Sierrita Mine; Duval Esperanza Mine; Sierrita Open Pit Mine), Batamote Hills, Pima District (Olive District; Mineral Hill District; Twin Buttes District), Sierrita Mts, Pima Co., Arizona, USASierritaBouse et al. (1999)10.2113/gsecongeo.94.2.211EG94_211 
EG94_211-00053585858Pb-Pb whole rock?TWB-Pa Yes  22945Sierrita Mine (Duval-Sierrita Mine; Duval Esperanza Mine; Sierrita Open Pit Mine), Batamote Hills, Pima District (Olive District; Mineral Hill District; Twin Buttes District), Sierrita Mts, Pima Co., Arizona, USASierritaBouse et al. (1999)10.2113/gsecongeo.94.2.211EG94_211 
EG94_211-00054585858Pb-Pb whole rock?QL-85-1 Yes  22945Sierrita Mine (Duval-Sierrita Mine; Duval Esperanza Mine; Sierrita Open Pit Mine), Batamote Hills, Pima District (Olive District; Mineral Hill District; Twin Buttes District), Sierrita Mts, Pima Co., Arizona, USASierritaBouse et al. (1999)10.2113/gsecongeo.94.2.211EG94_211 
PorphCu-00012585858      Actinolite, Bornite, Brochantite, Chalcopyrite, Chrysocolla, Copper, Diopside, Epidote, Ferrimolybdite, Fluorite, Galena, Magnetite, Molybdenite, Montmorillonite, Powellite, Pyrite, Pyrolusite, Pyrrhotite, Scheelite, Siderite, Sphalerite, WollastoniteCu3376Twin Buttes Mine (Twin Buttes Open Pit Mine), Twin Buttes, Pima District (Olive District; Mineral Hill District; Twin Buttes District), Sierrita Mts, Pima Co., Arizona, USATwin ButtesSinger et al. (2008) USGSOFR2008_1155 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL
R040029Twin Buttes, Pima District (Olive District; Mineral Hill District; Twin Buttes District), Sierrita Mts, Pima Co., Arizona, USAhttps://rruff.info/R040029

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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