Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Twin Buttes Mine (Twin Buttes Open Pit Mine), Twin Buttes, Pima District (Olive District; Mineral Hill District; Twin Buttes District), Sierrita Mts, Pima Co., Arizona, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 67
Youngest recorded age at locality: 58

mindat Locality ID: 3376
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-3376.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Twin Buttes Mine (Twin Buttes Open Pit Mine), Twin Buttes, Pima District (Olive District; Mineral Hill District; Twin Buttes District), Sierrita Mts, Pima Co., Arizona, USA": 1
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 1

Number of Child Localities: 1
Child Localities:
East Pit

Latitude: 31°53'35"N
Longitude: 111°2'5"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 31.893055555556,-111.03472222222
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al As B C Ca Cl Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn Mo Na O P Pb S Sb Si Ti V W Zn 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al As B C Ca Cl Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn Mo Na O P Pb S Sb Si Ti V W Zn 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AdeliteAllophaneAluniteAmphiboleApatiteAragoniteBrochantiteCalciteCaledoniteChalcopyrite
ChloriteClayClinozoisiteCopperCorundumDescloiziteDiasporeDigeniteEpidoteFeldspar
FluoriteGarnetGypsumKaoliniteMalachiteMicaMolybdeniteNickelineNoneNot in a structural group
OlivinePalygorskitePyritePyroxeneRhodoniteRocksaltRutileScheeliteSerpentineSmectite-vermiculite
SphaleriteSpinelStibniteTalcTetrahedriteTitaniteTopazTourmalineTurquoiseVesuvianite
Wollastonite

69 IMA Minerals at location:
Actinolite  (*)Andradite  (*)Anhydrite  (*)Antigorite  (*)Azurite  (*)
Bornite  (*)Brochantite  (*)Calcite  (*)Caledonite  (*)Cerussite  (*)
Chalcocite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)Chrysocolla  (*)Clinochlore  (*)Copper  (*)
Cuprite  (*)Descloizite  (*)Digenite  (*)Diopside  (*)Dolomite  (*)
Duftite  (*)Epidote  (*)Ferrimolybdite  (*)Fluorite  (*)Forsterite  (*)
Galena  (*)Goethite  (*)Grossular  (*)Gypsum  (*)Hematite  (*)
Jarosite  (*)Kaolinite  (*)Kinoite  (*)Laumontite  (*)Magnetite  (*)
Malachite  (*)Microcline  (*)Molybdenite  (*)Montmorillonite  (*)Mottramite  (*)
Muscovite  (*)Nontronite  (*)Palygorskite  (*)Phlogopite  (*)Plumbojarosite  (*)
Powellite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Pyrolusite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)Rhodochrosite  (*)
Rhodonite  (*)Rutile  (*)Scheelite  (*)Schorl  (*)Siderite  (*)
Sphalerite  (*)Stibnite  (*)Stringhamite  (*)Talc  (*)Tenorite  (*)
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)Titanite  (*)Topaz  (*)Tremolite  (*)Turquoise  (*)
Vanadinite  (*)Vesuvianite  (*)Wollastonite  (*)Wulfenite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2585803419
Andradite  (*)GarnetCa3Fe3+2(SiO4)3585801534
Anhydrite  (*)Not in a structural groupCa(SO4)585801588
Antigorite  (*)Serpentine ClayMg3Si2O5(OH)458580708
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)2585805509
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS4585805516
Brochantite  (*)BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6585801633
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)5858027770
Caledonite  (*)CaledoniteCu2Pb5(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)658580359
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)585804979
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S585805707
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS25858027198
Chrysocolla  (*)Allophane(Cu2-xAlx)H2-xSi2O5(OH)4·nH2O585803531
Clinochlore  (*)Chlorite ClayMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8585801756
Copper  (*)CopperCu585803846
Cuprite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2O585802970
Descloizite  (*)DescloizitePbZn(VO4)(OH)58580378
Digenite  (*)DigeniteCu1.8S585801027
Diopside  (*)PyroxeneCaMgSi2O6585804135
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)2585809895
Duftite  (*)AdelitePbCu(AsO4)(OH)58580220
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)585808173
Ferrimolybdite  (*)NoneFe3+2(Mo6+O4)3·7H2O58581144691345
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF2585809617
Forsterite  (*)OlivineMg2(SiO4)585801188
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS5858024243
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)585807437
Grossular  (*)GarnetCa3Al2(SiO4)3585801544
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O585806890
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O35858014640
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6585802228
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)4585805591
Kinoite  (*)NoneCa2Cu2Si3O10·2H2O5858017
Laumontite  (*)Not in a structural groupCaAl2Si4O12·4H2O585801271
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O45858014899
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)25858012537
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)585804924
Molybdenite  (*)MolybdeniteMoS2585805800
Montmorillonite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculite(Na,Ca)0.3(Al,Mg)2Si4O10(OH)2·nH2O585801508
Mottramite  (*)DescloizitePbCu(VO4)(OH)58580362
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)25858017380
Nontronite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculiteNa0.3Fe3+2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2·nH2O58580471
Palygorskite  (*)Palygorskite Clay(Mg,Al)2Si4O10(OH)·4H2O58580306
Phlogopite  (*)Mica ClayKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2585802273
Plumbojarosite  (*)AlunitePb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)658580477
Powellite  (*)ScheeliteCa(MoO4)58580494
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS25858039462
Pyrolusite  (*)RutileMnO2585803106
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S8585809056
Rhodochrosite  (*)CalciteMn(CO3)585801711
Rhodonite  (*)RhodoniteCaMn3Mn(Si5O15)58580969
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO2585805614
Scheelite  (*)ScheeliteCa(WO4)585804894
Schorl  (*)TourmalineNaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)585802705
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)585806417
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS5858021482
Stibnite  (*)StibniteSb2S3585803418
Stringhamite  (*)NoneCaCu(SiO4)·H2O585808
Talc  (*)Clay TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2585803337
Tenorite  (*)NoneCuO585801101
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S13585805317
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O585804899
Topaz  (*)TopazAl2SiO4F2585801476
Tremolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg5.0-4.5Fe2+0.0-0.5)Si8O22(OH)2585802562
Turquoise  (*)TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O58580484
Vanadinite  (*)ApatitePb5(VO4)3Cl58580605
Vesuvianite  (*)Vesuvianite(Ca,Na)19(Al,Mg,Fe)13(SiO4)10(Si2O7)4(OH,F,O)10585801395
Wollastonite  (*)WollastoniteCaSiO3585801247
Wulfenite  (*)ScheelitePbMoO4585801655


6 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
EG94_211-00050676767Pb-Pb whole rock?KD-GR2-1 Yes  22945Sierrita Mine (Duval-Sierrita Mine; Duval Esperanza Mine; Sierrita Open Pit Mine), Batamote Hills, Pima District (Olive District; Mineral Hill District; Twin Buttes District), Sierrita Mts, Pima Co., Arizona, USASierritaBouse et al. (1999)10.2113/gsecongeo.94.2.211EG94_211 
EG94_211-00051676767Pb-Pb whole rock?D-MR2-2 Yes  22945Sierrita Mine (Duval-Sierrita Mine; Duval Esperanza Mine; Sierrita Open Pit Mine), Batamote Hills, Pima District (Olive District; Mineral Hill District; Twin Buttes District), Sierrita Mts, Pima Co., Arizona, USASierritaBouse et al. (1999)10.2113/gsecongeo.94.2.211EG94_211 
EG94_211-00052636363Pb-Pb whole rock?RS-MR-5 Yes  22945Sierrita Mine (Duval-Sierrita Mine; Duval Esperanza Mine; Sierrita Open Pit Mine), Batamote Hills, Pima District (Olive District; Mineral Hill District; Twin Buttes District), Sierrita Mts, Pima Co., Arizona, USASierritaBouse et al. (1999)10.2113/gsecongeo.94.2.211EG94_211 
EG94_211-00053585858Pb-Pb whole rock?TWB-Pa Yes  22945Sierrita Mine (Duval-Sierrita Mine; Duval Esperanza Mine; Sierrita Open Pit Mine), Batamote Hills, Pima District (Olive District; Mineral Hill District; Twin Buttes District), Sierrita Mts, Pima Co., Arizona, USASierritaBouse et al. (1999)10.2113/gsecongeo.94.2.211EG94_211 
EG94_211-00054585858Pb-Pb whole rock?QL-85-1 Yes  22945Sierrita Mine (Duval-Sierrita Mine; Duval Esperanza Mine; Sierrita Open Pit Mine), Batamote Hills, Pima District (Olive District; Mineral Hill District; Twin Buttes District), Sierrita Mts, Pima Co., Arizona, USASierritaBouse et al. (1999)10.2113/gsecongeo.94.2.211EG94_211 
PorphCu-00012585858      Actinolite, Bornite, Brochantite, Chalcopyrite, Chrysocolla, Copper, Diopside, Epidote, Ferrimolybdite, Fluorite, Galena, Magnetite, Molybdenite, Montmorillonite, Powellite, Pyrite, Pyrolusite, Pyrrhotite, Scheelite, Siderite, Sphalerite, WollastoniteCu3376Twin Buttes Mine (Twin Buttes Open Pit Mine), Twin Buttes, Pima District (Olive District; Mineral Hill District; Twin Buttes District), Sierrita Mts, Pima Co., Arizona, USATwin ButtesSinger et al. (2008) USGSOFR2008_1155 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL

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