Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

Important Update News

The RRUFF Project is being updated to improve its interface and content. The beta version of the update is accessible to the public at RRUFF.net. New data is only being added to the beta site. Please note that it is in development, and some components are not functional. Existing RRUFF.info links will resolve to the new site after RRUFF.net is officially released.

We are grateful to NASA for the funding of this effort.


The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Cave City, Mountain Ranch District, East Belt, Calaveras Co., California, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 100
Youngest recorded age at locality: 100

mindat Locality ID: 259726
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-259726.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Cave City, Mountain Ranch District, East Belt, Calaveras Co., California, USA": 16
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 16

Number of Child Localities: 16
Child Localities:
Alameda Mine
Austrian Hill Occurrence
Big Nugget Placer Occurrence
California Cavern
Cave City Claim
Cave City Mine
Cave City Stone Deposit
Creek Occurrence
Greek Mine
Legal Tender Mine
Old McKenny Mine (Old McKenney Mine)
Pilot Mine (Oro Fino)
Reef Rock Mine
Thomas Brothers Group (Thomas Bros. Claims; Rose Marie; Al; Ho; Wheelock; Lucky Boy; Coarse Gold; Yellow Bird; Tip Top; Mt. Bullion; Golden Poppy; Cave City)
Vandalia Occurrence (J.B. Ederer; J.B. Eder)
Wheelock Mine (Wheelrock Mine)

Latitude: 38°12'7"N
Longitude: 120°30'30"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 38.201944444444,-120.50833333333

AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al Au C Ca Fe H K Mg O S Si 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
CalciteClayCopperMicaNonePyriteQuartzTalc

7 IMA Minerals at location:
Calcite  (*)Gold  (*)Graphite  (*)Muscovite  (*)Pyrite  (*)
Quartz  (*)Talc  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)100100115215327770
Gold  (*)CopperAu10010011152150,152155,152157,152158,152159,152160,152161,152162,152163,152164,15216530554
Graphite  (*)NoneC10010011521602812
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)2100100115215417380
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS2100100115216539462
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO21001009152150,152155,152158,152159,152160,152161,152162,152163,15216561156
Talc  (*)Clay TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)210010011521653337



1 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Mo-00156100100      YesMolybdeniteMo16293Calaveras Co., California, USACalaveras CountyBrock (1972)10.1130/0016-7606(1972)83[3391:GOGHSC]2.0.CO;2GSAB83_3391 


SampleSource LocalityReference URL


All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...

Other copyright data...