Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Kangankunde Hill, Balaka, Southern Region, Malawi

Oldest recorded age at locality: 129
Youngest recorded age at locality: 117

mindat Locality ID: 26430
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-26430.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Kangankunde Hill, Balaka, Southern Region, Malawi": 0
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 0

Latitude: 15°7'30"S
Longitude: 34°54'33"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): -15.125,34.909166666667
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al Ba C Ca Ce F Fe H K Mg Na O P Pb S Sb Si Sr Ti Y Zn 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al Ba C Ca Ce F Fe H K Mg Na O P Pb S Sb Si Sr Ti Y Zn 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AluniteApatiteAragoniteBaryteCalciteClayFluoriteMicaMonaziteNone
OlivinePerovskiteQuartzRutileSphaleriteSpinelStauroliteTridymiteZircon

22 IMA Minerals at location:
Ankerite  (*)Baryte  (*)Boulangerite  (*)Calcite  (*)Daqingshanite-(Ce)  (*)
Dolomite  (*)Fluorapatite  (*)Fluorite  (*)Goyazite  (*)Magnetite  (*)
Monazite-(Ce)  (*)Monticellite  (*)Nepheline  (*)Perovskite  (*)Phlogopite  (*)
Quartz  (*)Rutile  (*)Siderite  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Staurolite  (*)
Strontianite  (*)Xenotime-(Y)  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Ankerite  (*)NoneCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)212911703092
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)129117011547
Boulangerite  (*)NonePb5Sb4S111291170843
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)129117027770
Daqingshanite-(Ce)  (*)NoneSr3Ce(PO4)(CO3)312911709
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)212911709895
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F12911702740
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF212911709617
Goyazite  (*)AluniteSrAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)61291170173
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O4129117014899
Monazite-(Ce)  (*)MonaziteCe(PO4)1291170945
Monticellite  (*)OlivineCaMg(SiO4)1291170153
Nepheline  (*)TridymiteNa3K(Al4Si4O16)1291170884
Perovskite  (*)PerovskiteCaTiO31291170495
Phlogopite  (*)Mica ClayKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)212911702273
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO2129117061156
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO212911705614
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)12911706417
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS129117021482
Staurolite  (*)StauroliteFe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH)1291170978
Strontianite  (*)AragoniteSr(CO3)1291170589
Xenotime-(Y)  (*)ZirconY(PO4)1291170939


Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:
Age IDLocality Notes
Jen_0000738MAGMATIC STYLE: Sheets, plugs and irregular intrusions. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Fenites; possible nephelinite much replaced by carbonate.


2 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Jen_0000738129117123±6K-Ar phlogopite   Phlogopite  26430Kangankunde Hill, Balaka, Southern Region, MalawiKangankundeWoolley and Kjarsgaard (2008)10.4095/225115GSCOF5796 
ree-00425129117Late Cretaceous- 123 ± 6 Ma (K-Ar, phlo)K-Ar phlogopite   Phlogopite  26430Kangankunde Hill, Balaka, Southern Region, MalawiKangankundeOrris and Grauch (2002) USGSOFR02_189 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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