Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

Locality Name:
Empire District, Empire Mts, Pima Co., Arizona, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 1405
Youngest recorded age at locality: 1345

mindat Locality ID: 31691
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-31691.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Empire District, Empire Mts, Pima Co., Arizona, USA": 72
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 60

Number of Child Localities: 50
Child Localities:
Andrade Ranch
Blowout Marble (Serasio Marble)
Bonnie Jean Mine
Bunker Hill Mine
Burris Marble Mine (Hamill Marble Mine)
Champion Mine
Cienega Wash
Cobroso Mine
Comstock No. 1 Mine
Copper Top Prospect (Site A)
Cottontail Mine
Cottonwood Mine
Crescent Mine
Cross Mine
Dividend Mine
Dutchman No. 1 Mine
Echo Group
El La Plaza Mine
Empire Mine
Empire Mountain No. 2
Empire Mountain No. 3
Empire Mountain No. 5
Empire Mountains Deposit
Empire Mountains Group
Empire Mountains Mine
Espanto Prospect
Graveyard Mine
Hilton (Lead Mountain)
Justice Mine (Red Top Mine; La Plata Mine)
La Libre Mine
LaPlata Mine
Lavery Mine
Lead Carbonate Mine
Lone Mountain Mine
Montana Mine (Black Diamond Mine)
Montorio Mine (Matchless Mine)
Ophir Mine
Pantano - North Of
Pantano - South Of
Pantano Mine (Young Mine)
Red Top Mine
Roosevelt Mine
Silver Crown No. 3 Mine
Simons Marble
The Narrows
Tillotson Peak
Unnamed Cu Prospect (7)
Unnamed Cu-Au-Ag Mine
Virgin Sic Mine
Waterfall Mine (Waterfall No. 3 Claim)

Latitude: 31°56'28"N
Longitude: 110°38'31"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 31.941111111111,-110.64194444444

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Allophane	Alunite	Amphibole	Andalusite	Apatite	Aragonite	Baryte	Calcite	Chalcopyrite	Clay
Clinozoisite	Corundum	Covellite	Descloizite	Epidote	Fornacite	Gypsum	Malachite	Mica	Minium
Molybdenite	None	Not in a structural group	Phenakite	Pyrite	Quartz	Rocksalt	Rutile	Scheelite	Sphalerite
Turquoise	Wollastonite

Anglesite ()*	Aragonite ()*	Aurichalcite ()*	Azurite ()*	Calcite ()*
Cerussite ()*	Chalcocite ()*	Chalcopyrite ()*	Chlorargyrite ()*	Chrysocolla ()*
Covellite ()*	Epidote ()*	Fornacite ()*	Galena ()*	Gypsum ()*
Hematite ()*	Hemimorphite ()*	Jarosite ()*	Libethenite ()*	Magnesio-hornblende ()*
Malachite ()*	Mimetite ()*	Minium ()*	Molybdenite ()*	Mottramite ()*
Muscovite ()*	Plattnerite ()*	Plumbojarosite ()*	Powellite ()*	Pyrite ()*
Quartz ()*	Rosasite ()*	Scheelite ()*	Siderite ()*	Smithsonite ()*
Sphalerite ()*	Turquoise ()*	Vanadinite ()*	Willemite ()*	Wollastonite ()*
Wulfenite ()*

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As C Ca Cl Cr Cu Fe H K Mg Mo O P Pb S Si V W Zn

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality:

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Allophane Alunite Amphibole Andalusite Apatite Aragonite Baryte Calcite Chalcopyrite Clay
Clinozoisite Corundum Covellite Descloizite Epidote Fornacite Gypsum Malachite Mica Minium
Molybdenite None Not in a structural group Phenakite Pyrite Quartz Rocksalt Rutile Scheelite Sphalerite
Turquoise Wollastonite

41 IMA Minerals at location:

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Anglesite ()*	Baryte	Pb(SO₄)	1405	1345	5	143707,143710,143711,143713,143741	2734
Aragonite ()*	Aragonite	Ca(CO₃)	1405	1345	2	143711,143712	3250
Aurichalcite ()*	None	(Zn,Cu)₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆	1405	1345	5	143707,143710,143711,143712,143728	919
Azurite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂	1405	1345	5	143677,143707,143710,143711,143741	5509
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)	1405	1345	6	143707,143710,143711,143712,143717,143741	27770
Cerussite ()*	Aragonite	Pb(CO₃)	1405	1345	8	143707,143710,143711,143712,143713,143715,143727,143741	4979
Chalcocite ()*	None	Cu₂S	1405	1345	2	143708,143721	5707
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂	1405	1345	5	143677,143708,143713,143729,143741	27198
Chlorargyrite ()*	Rocksalt	AgCl	1405	1345	3	143715,143722,143741	1382
Chrysocolla ()*	Allophane	(Cu_2-xAl_x)H_2-xSi₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O	1405	1345	2	143711,143741	3531
Covellite ()*	Covellite	CuS	1405	1345	1	143710	4165
Epidote ()*	Epidote Clinozoisite	Ca₂(Al₂Fe³⁺)[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)	1405	1345	3	143677,143708,143721	8173
Fornacite ()*	Fornacite	CuPb₂(CrO₄)(AsO₄)(OH)	1405	1345	1	143708	85
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS	1405	1345	6	143707,143710,143711,143713,143721,143741	24243
Gypsum ()*	Gypsum	Ca(SO₄)·2H₂O	1405	1345	4	143700,143701,143733,143741	6890
Hematite ()*	Corundum	Fe₂O₃	1405	1345	5	143677,143707,143708,143710,143741	14640
Hemimorphite ()*	Not in a structural group	Zn₄(Si₂O₇)(OH)₂·H₂O	1405	1345	4	143707,143711,143728,143741	1689
Jarosite ()*	Alunite	KFe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	1405	1345	3	143707,143717,143741	2228
Libethenite ()*	Andalusite	Cu₂(PO₄)(OH)	1405	1345	1	143711	234
Magnesio-hornblende ()*	Amphibole	Ca₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂	1405	1345	1	143710	238
Malachite ()*	Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂	1405	1345	7	143677,143687,143707,143710,143711,143721,143741	12537
Mimetite ()*	Apatite	Pb₅(AsO₄)₃Cl	1405	1345	2	143722,143741	1107
Minium ()*	Minium	Pb²⁺₂Pb⁴⁺O₄	1405	1345	1	143711	247
Molybdenite ()*	Molybdenite	MoS₂	1405	1345	1	143711	5800
Mottramite ()*	Descloizite	PbCu(VO₄)(OH)	1405	1345	1	143741	362
Muscovite ()*	Mica Clay	KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂	1405	1345	1	143711	17380
Plattnerite ()*	Rutile	PbO₂	1405	1345	3	143711,143728,143741	158
Plumbojarosite ()*	Alunite	Pb_0.5Fe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	1405	1345	2	143707,143711	477
Powellite ()*	Scheelite	Ca(MoO₄)	1405	1345	1	143721	494
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	1405	1345	4	143708,143713,143729,143741	39462
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	1405	1345	5	143711,143712,143717,143732,143741	61156
Rosasite ()*	Malachite	CuZn(CO₃)(OH)₂	1405	1345	1	143711	454
Scheelite ()*	Scheelite	Ca(WO₄)	1405	1345	1	143721	4894
Siderite ()*	Calcite	Fe(CO₃)	1405	1345	4	143707,143711,143712,143741	6417
Smithsonite ()*	Calcite	Zn(CO₃)	1405	1345	6	143707,143710,143711,143717,143728,143741	2473
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS	1405	1345	1	143710	21482
Turquoise ()*	Turquoise	CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O	1405	1345	1	143712	484
Vanadinite ()*	Apatite	Pb₅(VO₄)₃Cl	1405	1345	1	143741	605
Willemite ()*	Phenakite	Zn₂SiO₄	1405	1345	1	143741	303
Wollastonite ()*	Wollastonite	CaSiO₃	1405	1345	1	143677	1247
Wulfenite ()*	Scheelite	PbMoO₄	1405	1345	5	143707,143708,143713,143722,143741	1655

1 Ages assigned to this locality:

	Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Prioritized?	Sample Source	Sample Num	Run Num	Age from other Locality	Dated Mineral	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
	Giersdorf_00000322	1405	1345	1375±30	K-Ar				UAKA-57-14				Muscovite		31691	Empire District, Empire Mts, Pima Co., Arizona, USA	Empire Mountains	Shafiqullah et al. (1980)		AGSD12_201

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...