Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Knappengrund Mine, Belchen, Münstertal, Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg, Germany

Oldest recorded age at locality: 358.9
Youngest recorded age at locality: 145

mindat Locality ID: 32114
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-32114.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Knappengrund Mine, Belchen, Münstertal, Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg, Germany": 1
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 1

Number of Child Localities: 1
Child Localities:
Kaltwasser Vein

Latitude: 0°0'0"N
Longitude: 0°0'0"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 0,0
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag As Ba C Ca Ce Cl Cu F Fe H La Mo O P Pb S Sb Zn 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Ag As Ba C Ca Ce Cl Cu F Fe H La O P Pb S Sb Zn 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AdeliteAluniteApatiteAragoniteArsenicArseniosideriteBaryteCaledoniteCarminiteChalcopyrite
CopperDevillineDiasporeFluoriteLinariteMalachiteMixiteNickelineNoneNot in a structural group
PharmacosideritePyrochloreRocksaltScheeliteSphaleriteSulphurTetrahedrite

37 IMA Minerals at location:
Agardite-(Ce)  (*)Agardite-(La)  (*)Anglesite  (*)Arsenic  (*)Arseniosiderite  (*)
Aurichalcite  (*)Azurite  (*)Bariopharmacosiderite  (*)Bayldonite  (*)Beudantite  (*)
Bindheimite  (*)Caledonite  (*)Carminite  (*)Cerussite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)
Devilline  (*)Duftite  (*)Elyite  (*)Fluorite  (*)Galena  (*)
Goethite  (*)Langite  (*)Linarite  (*)Malachite  (*)Mimetite  (*)
Posnjakite  (*)Pyromorphite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)Segnitite  (*)Serpierite  (*)
Silver  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Sulphur  (*)Susannite  (*)Tennantite-(Fe)  (*)
Wulfenite  (*)Zincrosasite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Agardite-(Ce)  (*)MixiteCeCu2+6(AsO4)3(OH)6·3H2O358.9145043
Agardite-(La)  (*)MixiteLaCu2+6(AsO4)3(OH)6·3H2O358.9145033
Anglesite  (*)BarytePb(SO4)358.914502734
Arsenic  (*)ArsenicAs358.9145157509379
Arseniosiderite  (*)ArseniosideriteCa2Fe3+3O2(AsO4)3·3H2O358.91450194
Aurichalcite  (*)None(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6358.91450919
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)2358.914505509
Bariopharmacosiderite  (*)PharmacosideriteBa0.5Fe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4·5H2O358.91450150
Bayldonite  (*)NoneCu3PbO(AsO3OH)2(OH)2358.91450172
Beudantite  (*)AlunitePbFe3+3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6358.91450413
Bindheimite  (*)PyrochlorePb2Sb5+2O7358.91450450
Caledonite  (*)CaledoniteCu2Pb5(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6358.91450359
Carminite  (*)CarminitePbFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2358.91450178
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)358.914504979
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS2201145027198
Devilline  (*)DevillineCaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6·3H2O358.91450366
Duftite  (*)AdelitePbCu(AsO4)(OH)358.91450220
Elyite  (*)NoneCuPb4(SO4)O2(OH)4·H2O358.9145085
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF2358.914509617
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS201145024243
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)358.914507437
Langite  (*)NoneCu4(SO4)(OH)6·2H2O358.91450593
Linarite  (*)LinariteCuPb(SO4)(OH)2358.91450987
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2358.9145012537
Mimetite  (*)ApatitePb5(AsO4)3Cl358.914501107
Posnjakite  (*)NoneCu4(SO4)(OH)6·H2O358.91450309
Pyromorphite  (*)ApatitePb5(PO4)3Cl358.914501725
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S8358.914509056
Segnitite  (*)AlunitePbFe3+3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)(OH)6358.91450134
Serpierite  (*)DevillineCa(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6·3H2O358.91450292
Silver  (*)CopperAg358.914505186
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS201145021482
Sulphur  (*)SulphurS358.914502045
Susannite  (*)NonePb4(SO4)(CO3)2(OH)2358.9145099
Tennantite-(Fe)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Fe2)As4S13358.914501803
Wulfenite  (*)ScheelitePbMoO4358.91451575091655
Zincrosasite  (*)Malachite(Zn,Cu)2(CO3)(OH)2358.9145028


8 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Giersdorf_00000133201145Jurassic Mineralization Agehigh    Chalcopyrite, Galena, Marcasite, Pyrite, Quartz, Sphalerite 32114Knappengrund Mine, Belchen, Münstertal, Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg, GermanyMünstertal, KnappengrundStaude et. al (2010)10.1180/minmag.2010.074.2.312MM74_309 
Giersdorf_00000134358.9298.9Carboniferous Host Rock Age      32114Knappengrund Mine, Belchen, Münstertal, Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg, GermanyMünstertal, KnappengrundStaude et. al (2010)10.1180/minmag.2010.074.2.312MM74_309 
Giersdorf_00000135201145Jurassic Mineralization Agehigh    Baryte, Chalcopyrite, Galena, Rammelsbergite, Sphalerite 32114Knappengrund Mine, Belchen, Münstertal, Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg, GermanyMünstertal, Knappengrund-GegentrumStaude et. al (2010)10.1180/minmag.2010.074.2.312MM74_309 
Giersdorf_00000136358.9298.9Carboniferous Host Rock Age      32114Knappengrund Mine, Belchen, Münstertal, Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg, GermanyMünstertal, Knappengrund-GegentrumStaude et. al (2010)10.1180/minmag.2010.074.2.312MM74_309 
Giersdorf_00000153298.9251.9Permian Mineralization Agehigh   YesArsenopyrite, Bornite, Digenite, Galena, Quartz 32120Wildsbach Mine, Hof, Münstertal, Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg, GermanyMünstertal, WildsbachStaude et. al (2010)10.1180/minmag.2010.074.2.312MM74_309 
Giersdorf_00000154358.9298.9Carboniferous Host Rock Age   Yes  32120Wildsbach Mine, Hof, Münstertal, Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg, GermanyMünstertal, WildsbachStaude et. al (2010)10.1180/minmag.2010.074.2.312MM74_309 
Giersdorf_00000155298.9251.9Permian Mineralization Agehigh   YesArsenopyrite, Berthierite, Marcasite, Pyrite, Quartz, Sphalerite, Stibnite 32110Münstergrund Mine, St Trudpert, Münstertal, Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg, GermanyMünstertal, MünstergrundStaude et. al (2010)10.1180/minmag.2010.074.2.312MM74_309 
Giersdorf_00000156358.9298.9Carboniferous Host Rock Age   Yes  32110Münstergrund Mine, St Trudpert, Münstertal, Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg, GermanyMünstertal, MünstergrundStaude et. al (2010)10.1180/minmag.2010.074.2.312MM74_309 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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