Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Viana Do Castelo, Portugal

Oldest recorded age at locality: 299
Youngest recorded age at locality: 252

mindat Locality ID: 46185
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-46185.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Viana Do Castelo, Portugal": 150
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 105

Number of Child Localities: 10
Child Localities:
Arcos De Valdevez
Caminha
Melgaço
Monção
Paredes De Coura
Ponte Da Barca
Ponte De Lima
Valença Do Minho
Viana Do Castelo
Vila Nova De Cerveira

Latitude: 41°53'34"N
Longitude: 8°31'22"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 41.892777777778,-8.5227777777778
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au B Be Bi C Ca Cl Cr Cu F Fe H K Li Mg Mn Mo Na Nb Ni O P Pb S Si Sn Sr Ti U W Zn Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AluniteAmorphousAmphiboleAndalusiteApatiteAragoniteArseniosideriteArsenopyriteArthuriteAutunite
BerauniteBerylBerylloniteCalciteCarminiteCeriteChalcanthiteChalcopyriteChildreniteChlorite
ClayClinozoisiteColumbiteCopperCoronaditeCorundumCovelliteDiasporeDufréniteEpidote
FairfielditeFeldsparFluoriteGarnetGypsumHureauliteIronKaoliniteKieseriteKobellite
LaueiteLazuliteLepidocrociteLillianiteMarcasiteMeta-autuniteMicaMolybdeniteMonaziteNickeline
NoneNot in a structural groupOlivinePharmacosideritePhosphosideritePyritePyroxeneQuartzRaspiteReddingite
RockbridgeiteRocksaltRutileScheeliteSphaleriteSpinelStanniteStewartiteStibniteStrunzite
SulphurTitaniteTourmalineTripliteTungstiteTurquoiseVesuvianiteVivianiteWagneriteZircon

130 IMA Minerals at location:
Actinolite  (*)Albite  (*)Almandine  (*)Amblygonite  (*)Anatase  (*)
Andalusite  (*)Arsenopyrite  (*)Autunite  (*)Bavenite  (*)Beraunite  (*)
Berlinite  (*)Bermanite  (*)Beryl  (*)Beryllonite  (*)Beudantite  (*)
Bismuthinite  (*)Brazilianite  (*)Cacoxenite  (*)Calcite  (*)Carminite  (*)
Cassiterite  (*)Cerussite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)Chamosite  (*)Childrenite  (*)
Clinochlore  (*)Columbite-(Fe)  (*)Corundum  (*)Cosalite  (*)Covellite  (*)
Crandallite  (*)Cryptomelane  (*)Diopside  (*)Dravite  (*)Dufrénite  (*)
Eleonorite  (*)Eosphorite  (*)Epidote  (*)Eskimoite  (*)Evansite  (*)
Fairfieldite  (*)Ferberite  (*)Ferronigerite-2N1S  (*)Fluorapatite  (*)Fluorite  (*)
Frondelite  (*)Gahnite  (*)Galena  (*)Galenobismutite  (*)Goethite  (*)
Gold  (*)Goyazite  (*)Grossular  (*)Gunningite  (*)Gypsum  (*)
Hematite  (*)Hidalgoite  (*)Hureaulite  (*)Ilmenite  (*)Iron  (*)
Isokite  (*)Jarosite  (*)Kaolinite  (*)Kryzhanovskite  (*)Laueite  (*)
Lepidocrocite  (*)Lithiophilite  (*)Lithiophorite  (*)Marcasite  (*)Matildite  (*)
Meta-autunite  (*)Metatorbernite  (*)Microcline  (*)Mimetite  (*)Molybdenite  (*)
Montebrasite  (*)Muscovite  (*)Nickel  (*)Olenite  (*)Opal  (*)
Orthoclase  (*)Paragonite  (*)Pharmacosiderite  (*)Phosphosiderite  (*)Planerite  (*)
Purpurite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Pyromorphite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)Quartz  (*)
Raspite  (*)Reddingite  (*)Robertsite  (*)Rockbridgeite  (*)Rooseveltite  (*)
Rosemaryite  (*)Scheelite  (*)Schorl  (*)Schreibersite  (*)Scorodite  (*)
Scorzalite  (*)Segnitite  (*)Sicklerite  (*)Siderite  (*)Siderotil  (*)
Silver  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Stannite  (*)Stewartite  (*)Stolzite  (*)
Strengite  (*)Strunzite  (*)Sulphur  (*)Titanite  (*)Torbernite  (*)
Triphylite  (*)Triplite  (*)Tungstite  (*)Turquoise  (*)Uraninite  (*)
Variscite  (*)Vesuvianite  (*)Vivianite  (*)Whitlockite  (*)Wolfeite  (*)
Wulfenite  (*)Wyllieite  (*)Zinconigerite-2N1S  (*)Zircon  (*)Zwieselite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)22100187,1003223419
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)29925210100187,100208,100226,100228,100265,100269,100270,100275,100313,1003298803
Almandine  (*)GarnetFe2+3Al2(SiO4)33100187,100323,1003292353
Amblygonite  (*)NoneLiAl(PO4)F1100262244
Anatase  (*)Not in a structural groupTiO211002692162
Andalusite  (*)AndalusiteAl2SiO57100185,100186,100187,100239,100256,100283,1003131310
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS29925242100186,100187,100188,100189,100190,100191,100198,100199,100212,100214,100215,100220,100221,100222,100225,100226,100232,100235,100236,100237,100248,100249,100250,100258,100259,100260,100262,100269,100281,100282,100286,100288,100290,100294,100296,100298,100310,100325,100326,100327,100329,1003319052
Autunite  (*)AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2·10-12H2O29925211002261272
Bavenite  (*)NoneCa4Be2+xAl2-xSi9O26-x(OH)2+x (x = 0 to 1)1100265255
Beraunite  (*)BerauniteFe3+6(PO4)4O(OH)4·6H2O2992522100187,100226136
Berlinite  (*)QuartzAl(PO4)299252110022628
Bermanite  (*)ArthuriteMn2+Mn3+2(PO4)2(OH)2·4H2O2992522100187,10022655
Beryl  (*)BerylBe3Al2Si6O182992524100187,100226,100251,1002544286
Beryllonite  (*)BerylloniteNaBe(PO4)110025447
Beudantite  (*)AlunitePbFe3+3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)63100248,100249,100250413
Bismuthinite  (*)StibniteBi2S329925211002261935
Brazilianite  (*)Not in a structural groupNaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4110031359
Cacoxenite  (*)NoneFe3+24AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12·75H2O2992525100187,100226,100243,100254,100323280
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)2100187,10032927770
Carminite  (*)CarminitePbFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)24100186,100248,100249,100250178
Cassiterite  (*)RutileSnO252100187,100190,100198,100199,100203,100212,100214,100215,100220,100235,100237,100239,100241,100242,100243,100247,100249,100251,100256,100258,100259,100260,100262,100281,100282,100284,100286,100288,100290,100291,100292,100293,100294,100295,100296,100297,100298,100299,100300,100301,100302,100303,100304,100305,100306,100307,100309,100310,100319,100328,100329,1003315171
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)11002504979
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS229925217100187,100188,100190,100191,100212,100214,100215,100226,100248,100250,100282,100286,100294,100310,100325,100326,10032927198
Chamosite  (*)Chlorite Clay(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)82992521100226577
Childrenite  (*)ChildreniteFe2+Al(PO4)(OH)2·H2O110031393
Clinochlore  (*)Chlorite ClayMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)82100187,1002691756
Columbite-(Fe)  (*)ColumbiteFe2+Nb2O62100269,100313518
Corundum  (*)CorundumAl2O311002561797
Cosalite  (*)NonePb2Bi2S52992521100226344
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS3100187,100250,1003294165
Crandallite  (*)AluniteCaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)61100313310
Cryptomelane  (*)CoronaditeK(Mn4+7Mn3+)O161100209599
Diopside  (*)PyroxeneCaMgSi2O62100322,1003294135
Dravite  (*)TourmalineNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)2992522100226,100256648
Dufrénite  (*)DufréniteCa0.5Fe2+Fe3+5(PO4)4(OH)6·2H2O2100243,100290139
Eleonorite  (*)BerauniteFe3+6(PO4)4O(OH)4·6H2O110025451
Eosphorite  (*)ChildreniteMn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2·H2O2992524100187,100226,100254,100313128
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)4100208,100265,100270,1003228173
Eskimoite  (*)LillianiteAg7Pb10Bi15S36299252110022620
Evansite  (*)AmorphousAl3(PO4)(OH)6·8H2O2100186,10024356
Fairfieldite  (*)FairfielditeCa2Mn2+(PO4)2·2H2O299252110022672
Ferberite  (*)ColumbiteFe2+(WO4)11100187,100198,100237,100248,100249,100250,100256,100324,100325,100326,100329551
Ferronigerite-2N1S  (*)None(Al,Fe,Zn)2(Al,Sn)6O11(OH)110023914
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F2992526100187,100226,100243,100313,100323,1003292740
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF22100269,1002759617
Frondelite  (*)Rockbridgeite(Mn2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe3+3(PO4)3(OH)5299252110022652
Gahnite  (*)SpinelZnAl2O43100233,100239,100313445
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS7100186,100189,100228,100230,100248,100249,10025024243
Galenobismutite  (*)KobellitePbBi2S42992522100226,100250192
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)29925213100186,100187,100198,100199,100209,100226,100237,100248,100250,100315,100323,100324,1003297437
Gold  (*)CopperAu10100190,100220,100221,100222,100225,100232,100250,100256,100281,10030930554
Goyazite  (*)AluniteSrAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)61100313173
Grossular  (*)GarnetCa3Al2(SiO4)32100187,1003221544
Gunningite  (*)KieseriteZn(SO4)·H2O110025048
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O11001996890
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O34100186,100239,100275,10032414640
Hidalgoite  (*)AlunitePbAl3(SO4)(AsO4)(OH)6110025057
Hureaulite  (*)HureauliteMn2+5(PO3OH)2(PO4)2·4H2O2992522100226,100290125
Ilmenite  (*)CorundumFe2+Ti4+O34100203,100239,100245,1002565433
Iron  (*)IronFe11002551089
Isokite  (*)TitaniteCaMg(PO4)F299252110022622
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)611002372228
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)42100187,1002795591
Kryzhanovskite  (*)Reddingite(Fe3+,Mn2+)3(PO4)2(OH,H2O)32100187,10024334
Laueite  (*)LaueiteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2·8H2O110024370
Lepidocrocite  (*)LepidocrociteFe3+O(OH)3100237,100248,100250581
Lithiophilite  (*)OlivineLiMn2+(PO4)2992522100187,100226155
Lithiophorite  (*)None(Al,Li)(Mn4+,Mn3+)O2(OH)22992521100226210
Marcasite  (*)MarcasiteFeS24100187,100248,100250,1003295674
Matildite  (*)NoneAgBiS22992521100226252
Meta-autunite  (*)Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2·6H2O2992521100226388
Metatorbernite  (*)NoneCu(UO2)2(PO4)2·8H2O2992521100226443
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)2992526100201,100226,100243,100269,100275,1002904924
Mimetite  (*)ApatitePb5(AsO4)3Cl2100248,1002501107
Molybdenite  (*)MolybdeniteMoS211002695800
Montebrasite  (*)NoneLiAl(PO4)(OH)1100313200
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)229925211100187,100226,100228,100239,100251,100265,100290,100313,100325,100326,10032917380
Nickel  (*)CopperNi110025557
Olenite  (*)TourmalineNaAl3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3O3(OH)110024024
Opal  (*)AmorphousSiO2·nH2O11002692994
Orthoclase  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)6100208,100228,100239,100265,100269,1002702349
Paragonite  (*)Mica ClayNaAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)21100256247
Pharmacosiderite  (*)PharmacosideriteKFe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4·6-7H2O1100250428
Phosphosiderite  (*)PhosphosideriteFe3+(PO4)·2H2O2992525100187,100226,100243,100254,100290182
Planerite  (*)TurquoiseAl6(PO4)2(PO3OH)2(OH)8·4H2O110019843
Purpurite  (*)OlivineMn3+(PO4)2992522100187,10022680
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS229925247100186,100187,100188,100190,100191,100198,100199,100202,100208,100212,100214,100215,100220,100221,100222,100225,100226,100228,100230,100232,100235,100237,100239,100243,100248,100249,100250,100258,100259,100260,100262,100269,100281,100282,100284,100286,100288,100290,100294,100296,100298,100310,100323,100324,100326,100327,10032939462
Pyromorphite  (*)ApatitePb5(PO4)3Cl11002501725
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S84100187,100212,100325,1003299056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO229925243100184,100188,100189,100190,100191,100198,100199,100201,100202,100208,100209,100220,100221,100222,100225,100226,100228,100229,100230,100232,100236,100237,100239,100248,100250,100256,100262,100265,100269,100270,100275,100281,100288,100290,100298,100313,100315,100323,100325,100326,100327,100328,10033161156
Raspite  (*)RaspitePb(WO4)2100248,10025026
Reddingite  (*)ReddingiteMn2+3(PO4)2·3H2O2992522100226,10029024
Robertsite  (*)ArseniosideriteCa2Mn3+3O2(PO4)3·3H2O299252110022636
Rockbridgeite  (*)Rockbridgeite(Fe2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe3+3(PO4)3(OH)52992526100187,100226,100243,100254,100290,100323206
Rooseveltite  (*)MonaziteBi(AsO4)110025038
Rosemaryite  (*)None   NaMn2+(Fe3+Al)(PO4)311003137
Scheelite  (*)ScheeliteCa(WO4)8100187,100232,100248,100324,100325,100326,100327,1003294894
Schorl  (*)TourmalineNaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)29925216100186,100187,100204,100226,100228,100237,100239,100243,100251,100256,100269,100277,100290,100323,100324,1003292705
Schreibersite  (*)None(Fe,Ni)3P1100255374
Scorodite  (*)NoneFe3+(AsO4)·2H2O29925214100186,100187,100189,100198,100199,100220,100221,100222,100226,100237,100248,100249,100250,1003291153
Scorzalite  (*)LazuliteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2110031360
Segnitite  (*)AlunitePbFe3+3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)(OH)64100186,100189,100248,100250134
Sicklerite  (*)OlivineLiMn2+(PO4)299252110022666
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)2100187,1003296417
Siderotil  (*)ChalcanthiteFe(SO4)·5H2O110025484
Silver  (*)CopperAg3100220,100221,1002225186
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS29925216100190,100212,100214,100215,100226,100228,100248,100250,100282,100286,100294,100296,100310,100325,100326,10032721482
Stannite  (*)Stannite SphaleriteCu2FeSnS41100212668
Stewartite  (*)StewartiteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2·8H2O299252110022648
Stolzite  (*)ScheelitePb(WO4)2100248,100250156
Strengite  (*)NoneFe3+(PO4)·2H2O2992525100187,100226,100243,100254,100323263
Strunzite  (*)StrunziteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2·6H2O2992524100187,100226,100254,10032398
Sulphur  (*)SulphurS4100198,100199,100237,1002502045
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O11001874899
Torbernite  (*)NoneCu(UO2)2(PO4)2·12H2O29925211002261059
Triphylite  (*)OlivineLiFe2+(PO4)2992521100226313
Triplite  (*)TripliteMn2+2(PO4)F2992521100226233
Tungstite  (*)TungstiteWO3·H2O1100250118
Turquoise  (*)TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O1100198484
Uraninite  (*)FluoriteUO211003132718
Variscite  (*)NoneAl(PO4)·2H2O2992523100226,100254,100313301
Vesuvianite  (*)Vesuvianite(Ca,Na)19(Al,Mg,Fe)13(SiO4)10(Si2O7)4(OH,F,O)103100187,100324,1003291395
Vivianite  (*)VivianiteFe2+3(PO4)2·8H2O2992524100187,100226,100290,100329636
Whitlockite  (*)CeriteCa9Mg(PO3OH)(PO4)62992521100226104
Wolfeite  (*)WagneriteFe2+2(PO4)(OH)299252110022643
Wulfenite  (*)ScheelitePbMoO411002691655
Wyllieite  (*)NoneNaNaMn(Fe2+Al)(PO4)3110031317
Zinconigerite-2N1S  (*)NoneZnSn2Al12O22(OH)211002394
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)11002695251
Zwieselite  (*)TripliteFe2+2(PO4)F299252110022647


1 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Scott-EG19_172-0001299252Late-Variscan age of metamorphism      61394Pedra Da Moura Mine, São Lourenço De Touvedo, Ponte Da Barca, Viana Do Castelo, PortugalPedra da Moura pegmatite groupGomes et al. (2009) EG19_172 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL
R070239São Julião De Moreira Meteorite, Moreira Do Lima, Ponte De Lima, Viana Do Castelo, Portugalhttps://rruff.info/R070239

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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