Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

Locality Name:
Brandberg Area, Dâures, Erongo Region, Namibia

Oldest recorded age at locality: 150
Youngest recorded age at locality: 100

mindat Locality ID: 46238
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-46238.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Brandberg Area, Dâures, Erongo Region, Namibia": 17
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 13

Number of Child Localities: 5
Child Localities:
Brandberg Complex
Brandberg West Mine (Brandberg Tourmaline Mine)
Goboboseb Mts
Karlowa Pegmatite Swarm (Hoffmann's Pegmatite)
Messum Igneous Complex

Latitude: 21°11'5"S
Longitude: 14°16'43"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): -21.184722222222,14.278611111111

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Allanite	Allophane	Amphibole	Analcime	Astrophyllite	Baryte	Beryl	Brochantite	Brookite	Calcite
Cancrinite-sodalite	Chalcopyrite	Clay	Clinozoisite	Columbite	Copper	Corundum	Diaspore	Epidote	Eudialyte
Feldspar	Fluorite	Gypsum	Malachite	Marcasite	Mica	Monazite	Natrolite	Nickeline	None
Not in a structural group	Olivine	Prehnite	Pumpellyite	Pyrite	Pyrophyllite	Pyroxene	Quartz	Rhodonite	Rocksalt
Rutile	Scheelite	Sodalite	Sphalerite	Spinel	Stannite	Talc	Topaz	Tourmaline	Tridymite
Triplite	Zircon

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al B Ba Be C Ca Ce Cl Cu F Fe H K Li Mg Mn Mo Na O P Pb S Si Sn Th Ti W Y Zn Zr

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality:

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Allanite Allophane Amphibole Analcime Astrophyllite Baryte Beryl Brochantite Brookite Calcite
Cancrinite-sodalite Chalcopyrite Clay Clinozoisite Columbite Copper Corundum Diaspore Epidote Eudialyte
Feldspar Fluorite Gypsum Malachite Marcasite Mica Monazite Natrolite Nickeline None
Not in a structural group Olivine Prehnite Pumpellyite Pyrite Pyrophyllite Pyroxene Quartz Rhodonite Rocksalt
Rutile Scheelite Sodalite Sphalerite Spinel Stannite Talc Topaz Tourmaline Tridymite
Triplite Zircon

75 IMA Minerals at location:

Actinolite ()*	Aegirine ()*	Aegirine-augite ()*	Albite ()*	Allanite-(Ce) ()*
Analcime ()*	Arfvedsonite ()*	Astrophyllite ()*	Augite ()*	Azurite ()*
Babingtonite ()*	Baryte ()*	Beryl ()*	Bornite ()*	Brochantite ()*
Brookite ()*	Calcite ()*	Cassiterite ()*	Celadonite ()*	Chalcopyrite ()*
Chrysocolla ()*	Copper ()*	Cuprite ()*	Dalyite ()*	Dolomite ()*
Elbaite ()*	Epidote ()*	Eudialyte ()*	Ferberite ()*	Ferrisicklerite ()*
Fluorite ()*	Galena ()*	Goethite ()*	Graphite ()*	Gypsum ()*
Hastingsite ()*	Hematite ()*	Heterosite ()*	Hübnerite ()*	Langite ()*
Laumontite ()*	Lithiophilite ()*	Magnetite ()*	Malachite ()*	Marcasite ()*
Microcline ()*	Monazite-(Ce) ()*	Muscovite ()*	Nepheline ()*	Orthoclase ()*
Pigeonite ()*	Prehnite ()*	Pumpellyite-(Mg) ()*	Pyrite ()*	Pyrophyllite ()*
Pyrrhotite ()*	Quartz ()*	Riebeckite ()*	Rutile ()*	Scheelite ()*
Schorl ()*	Scolecite ()*	Siderite ()*	Sodalite ()*	Sphalerite ()*
Stannite ()*	Talc ()*	Tenorite ()*	Thorite ()*	Topaz ()*
Triphylite ()*	Triplite ()*	Wulfenite ()*	Xenotime-(Y) ()*	Zircon ()*

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite ()*	Amphibole	Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe²⁺_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	150	125.5	1	86419	3419
Aegirine ()*	Pyroxene	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆	150	100	3	86405,86406,86420	1022
Aegirine-augite ()*	Pyroxene	(Ca,Na)(Fe³⁺,Mg,Fe²⁺)Si₂O₆	150	125.5	1	86420	286
Albite ()*	Feldspar	Na(AlSi₃O₈)	150	100	3	86404,86417,86420	8803
Allanite-(Ce) ()*	Allanite Epidote	CaCe(Al₂Fe²⁺)[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)	150	100	2	86404,86420	706
Analcime ()*	Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆)·H₂O	150	125.5	3	86411,86413,86420	1627
Arfvedsonite ()*	Amphibole	NaNa₂(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	145	100	3	86404,86405,86406	295
Astrophyllite ()*	Astrophyllite	K₂NaFe²⁺₇Ti₂(Si₄O₁₂)₂O₂(OH)₄F	145	100	3	86404,86405,86406	161
Augite ()*	Pyroxene	(Ca,Mg,Fe)₂Si₂O₆			1	86411	2060
Azurite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂			1	86410	5509
Babingtonite ()*	Rhodonite	Ca₂Fe²⁺Fe³⁺Si₅O₁₄(OH)			2	86411,86413	161
Baryte ()*	Baryte	Ba(SO₄)			3	86410,86411,86413	11547
Beryl ()*	Beryl	Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈			2	86410,86417	4286
Bornite ()*	None	Cu₅FeS₄			1	86410	5516
Brochantite ()*	Brochantite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆			1	86410	1633
Brookite ()*	Brookite	TiO₂			1	86411	700
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)	150	125.5	4	86410,86411,86413,86420	27770
Cassiterite ()*	Rutile	SnO₂	145	100	5	86405,86410,86415,86417,86418	5171
Celadonite ()*	Mica Clay	KMgFe³⁺Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂			1	86413	309
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂			1	86410	27198
Chrysocolla ()*	Allophane	(Cu_2-xAl_x)H_2-xSi₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O			4	86410,86411,86412,86413	3531
Copper ()*	Copper	Cu			3	86411,86412,86413	3846
Cuprite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₂O			2	86411,86412	2970
Dalyite ()*	None	K₂ZrSi₆O₁₅	145	100	1	86405	15
Dolomite ()*	None	CaMg(CO₃)₂			1	86411	9895
Elbaite ()*	Tourmaline	Na(Al_1.5Li_1.5)Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH)			1	86416	520
Epidote ()*	Epidote Clinozoisite	Ca₂(Al₂Fe³⁺)[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)	150	125.5	7	86404,86409,86410,86411,86412,86413,86420	8173
Eudialyte ()*	Eudialyte	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂	150	125.5	1	86420	182
Ferberite ()*	Columbite	Fe²⁺(WO₄)			1	86410	551
Ferrisicklerite ()*	Olivine	Li_1-x(Fe³⁺,Mn²⁺)(PO₄)			2	86416,86418	108
Fluorite ()*	Fluorite	CaF₂	150	100	4	86404,86405,86410,86420	9617
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS			1	86410	24243
Goethite ()*	Diaspore	FeO(OH)	150	125.5	4	86410,86411,86413,86420	7437
Graphite ()*	None	C			1	86410	2812
Gypsum ()*	Gypsum	Ca(SO₄)·2H₂O	150	125.5	3	86411,86413,86420	6890
Hastingsite ()*	Amphibole	NaCa₂(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂	150	125.5	1	86420	209
Hematite ()*	Corundum	Fe₂O₃			2	86410,86411	14640
Heterosite ()*	Olivine	Fe³⁺(PO₄)			3	86415,86416,86418	204
Hübnerite ()*	Columbite	Mn²⁺(WO₄)			1	86410	469
Langite ()*	None	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆·2H₂O			1	86410	593
Laumontite ()*	Not in a structural group	CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂·4H₂O			2	86411,86413	1271
Lithiophilite ()*	Olivine	LiMn²⁺(PO₄)			1	86414	155
Magnetite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	150	125.5	3	86409,86411,86420	14899
Malachite ()*	Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂			1	86410	12537
Marcasite ()*	Marcasite	FeS₂			1	86410	5674
Microcline ()*	Feldspar	K(AlSi₃O₈)	150	100	3	86404,86417,86420	4924
Monazite-(Ce) ()*	Monazite	Ce(PO₄)	145	100	2	86404,86405	945
Muscovite ()*	Mica Clay	KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂	145	100	3	86404,86410,86417	17380
Nepheline ()*	Tridymite	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)	150	125.5	1	86420	884
Orthoclase ()*	Feldspar	K(AlSi₃O₈)	150	125.5	1	86420	2349
Pigeonite ()*	Pyroxene	(Mg,Fe,Ca)₂Si₂O₆			1	86411	303
Prehnite ()*	Prehnite	Ca₂Al(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂			4	86409,86411,86412,86413	1898
Pumpellyite-(Mg) ()*	Pumpellyite	Ca₂MgAl₂(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)(OH)₂·H₂O			1	86411	106
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	150	125.5	4	86410,86411,86413,86420	39462
Pyrophyllite ()*	Clay Pyrophyllite	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂			1	86407	771
Pyrrhotite ()*	Nickeline	Fe₇S₈			1	86410	9056
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	150	125.5	7	86404,86409,86410,86411,86413,86417,86420	61156
Riebeckite ()*	Amphibole	Na₂(Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	145	100	1	86404	375
Rutile ()*	Rutile	TiO₂	150	100	2	86405,86420	5614
Scheelite ()*	Scheelite	Ca(WO₄)			1	86410	4894
Schorl ()*	Tourmaline	NaFe²⁺₃Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH)	150	125.5	2	86410,86420	2705
Scolecite ()*	Natrolite	Ca(Si₃Al₂)O₁₀·3H₂O	150	125.5	2	86411,86420	390
Siderite ()*	Calcite	Fe(CO₃)			3	86406,86411,86413	6417
Sodalite ()*	Cancrinite-sodalite Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl	150	125.5	1	86420	444
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS			1	86410	21482
Stannite ()*	Stannite Sphalerite	Cu₂FeSnS₄			1	86410	668
Talc ()*	Clay Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂			1	86410	3337
Tenorite ()*	None	CuO			1	86411	1101
Thorite ()*	Zircon	Th(SiO₄)	145	100	1	86405	1006
Topaz ()*	Topaz	Al₂SiO₄F₂	150	100	3	86404,86410,86420	1476
Triphylite ()*	Olivine	LiFe²⁺(PO₄)			1	86418	313
Triplite ()*	Triplite	Mn²⁺₂(PO₄)F			1	86416	233
Wulfenite ()*	Scheelite	PbMoO₄	145	100	1	86405	1655
Xenotime-(Y) ()*	Zircon	Y(PO₄)	145	100	1	86405	939
Zircon ()*	Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)	150	100	4	86404,86405,86406,86420	5251

Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:

Age ID	Locality Notes
Jen_0000463	Africa carbonatite complex
Jen_0000464	Africa carbonatite complex
Jen_0000465	Africa carbonatite complex

5 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Sample Source	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID
ree-00484	145	100	Early Cretaceous			158053	Brandberg Complex, Brandberg Area, Dâures, Erongo Region, Namibia	Brandberg Complex	Orris and Grauch (2002)		USGSOFR02_189
ree-00483	145	100	Early Cretaceous			28841	Amis Complex, Brandberg Complex, Brandberg Area, Dâures, Erongo Region, Namibia	Amis Complex	Orris and Grauch (2002)		USGSOFR02_189
Jen_0000463	134.2	129.8	132±2.2	Rb-Sr	whole rock	235952	Messum Igneous Complex, Brandberg Area, Dâures, Erongo Region, Namibia	Messum Complex	Ernst and Bell (2010)	10.1007/s00710-009-0074-1	MP98_55
Jen_0000464	150	148	149±1	Ar-Ar	biotite	235952	Messum Igneous Complex, Brandberg Area, Dâures, Erongo Region, Namibia	Messum Complex	Ernst and Bell (2010)	10.1007/s00710-009-0074-1	MP98_55
Jen_0000465	128.1	125.5	126.8±1.3	Rb-Sr	whole rock	235952	Messum Igneous Complex, Brandberg Area, Dâures, Erongo Region, Namibia	Messum Complex	Ernst and Bell (2010)	10.1007/s00710-009-0074-1	MP98_55

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...