Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

Important Update News

The RRUFF Project has been migrated to RRUFF.net. Please update your bookmarks immediately, if you have not done so.

The data on this website is already three years out of date, and the entire website will be taken offline before the end of the year.

We are grateful to NASA for the funding of this effort.




The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Tohono O'odom (Papago) Indian Reservation, Pima Co., Arizona, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 102
Youngest recorded age at locality: 39.1

mindat Locality ID: 47420
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-47420.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Tohono O'odom (Papago) Indian Reservation, Pima Co., Arizona, USA": 146
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 110

Number of Child Localities: 11
Child Localities:
Baboquivari Mts
Cimarron & Sheridan Mts
Comobabi Mts
Coyote Mts
Golden Green Mine
Gossan No. 4 Claim (Gossan No. 4 Prospect)
Gunsight Hills
Lobos Group
Quijotoa Mts
Unnamed Au Prospect (1)
Waterman Mts

Latitude: 32°6'59"N
Longitude: 111°56'26"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 32.116388888889,-111.94055555556
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au B Ba Bi C Ca Ce Cl Co Cr Cu F Fe H Hg I K La Mg Mn Mo N Na O P Pb S Sb Si Sr Ti U V W Y Zn 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Cl Cu H Na O Si 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AcanthiteAllaniteAllophaneAluniteAmphiboleAndalusiteApatiteAragoniteAtacamiteAxinite
BaryteBrochantiteCalciteCaledoniteChalcopyriteChloriteClayClinozoisiteCobaltiteConnellite
CopperCoronaditeCorundumCrichtoniteDescloiziteDevillineDiasporeEpidoteEpsomiteFeldspar
FluoriteGarnetGypsumKaoliniteLepidocrociteLinariteMalachiteMatlockiteMeneghiniteMica
MiniumMolybdeniteMonaziteNoneNot in a structural groupPhenakitePyritePyrochloreQuartzRocksalt
RutileScheeliteSphaleriteSpinelTetrahedriteTitaniteWurtzite

98 IMA Minerals at location:
Acanthite  (*)Actinolite  (*)Aikinite  (*)Albite  (*)Allanite-(Ce)  (*)
Anglesite  (*)Atacamite  (*)Aurichalcite  (*)Axinite-(Mn)  (*)Azurite  (*)
Baryte  (*)Bornite  (*)Brochantite  (*)Buttgenbachite  (*)Calcite  (*)
Caledonite  (*)Cerussite  (*)Chalcocite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)Chamosite  (*)
Chlorargyrite  (*)Chrysocolla  (*)Cinnabar  (*)Clinochlore  (*)Clinozoisite  (*)
Cobaltite  (*)Copper  (*)Crocoite  (*)Cuprite  (*)Davidite-(La)  (*)
Devilline  (*)Dioptase  (*)Dolomite  (*)Epidote  (*)Ferrimolybdite  (*)
Fluorite  (*)Galena  (*)Goethite  (*)Gold  (*)Goslarite  (*)
Gypsum  (*)Halite  (*)Hematite  (*)Hisingerite  (*)Hollandite  (*)
Huntite  (*)Ilmenite  (*)Iodargyrite  (*)Jarosite  (*)Kaolinite  (*)
Leadhillite  (*)Lepidocrocite  (*)Libethenite  (*)Linarite  (*)Litharge  (*)
Magnesite  (*)Magnetite  (*)Malachite  (*)Manganite  (*)Massicot  (*)
Matlockite  (*)Mercury  (*)Metatorbernite  (*)Miersite  (*)Mimetite  (*)
Minium  (*)Molybdenite  (*)Mottramite  (*)Muscovite  (*)Paratacamite  (*)
Piemontite  (*)Powellite  (*)Pseudomalachite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Pyrolusite  (*)
Pyromorphite  (*)Quartz  (*)Rosasite  (*)Rutile  (*)Scheelite  (*)
Shattuckite  (*)Siderite  (*)Silver  (*)Smithsonite  (*)Spessartine  (*)
Sphalerite  (*)Stibiconite  (*)Stromeyerite  (*)Svanbergite  (*)Tenorite  (*)
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)Titanite  (*)Torbernite  (*)Uraninite  (*)Uranophane-α  (*)
Vanadinite  (*)Willemite  (*)Wulfenite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Acanthite  (*)AcanthiteAg2S5144829,144920,144921,144942,1449532793
Actinolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)22144947,1449543419
Aikinite  (*)MeneghiniteCuPbBiS351.949.71144906315
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)2144947,1449508803
Allanite-(Ce)  (*)Allanite EpidoteCaCe(Al2Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)3144947,144949,144954706
Anglesite  (*)BarytePb(SO4)102985144873,144874,144927,144942,1449662734
Atacamite  (*)AtacamiteCu2Cl(OH)3102982144873,144874544
Aurichalcite  (*)None(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6102981144865919
Axinite-(Mn)  (*)AxiniteCa4Mn2+2Al4[B2Si8O30](OH)2102982144899,14490188
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)2102984144873,144874,144946,1449705509
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)1029810144850,144864,144873,144874,144882,144926,144927,144942,144957,14496611547
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS4102987144850,144871,144873,144874,144875,144888,1448895516
Brochantite  (*)BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6102982144873,1448741633
Buttgenbachite  (*)ConnelliteCu36(NO3)2Cl8(OH)62·nH2O102982144873,14487413
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)10239.126144830,144835,144845,144847,144848,144854,144867,144873,144886,144888,144889,144906,144911,144912,144918,144924,144926,144932,144939,144940,144942,144946,144947,144953,144954,14496627770
Caledonite  (*)CaledoniteCu2Pb5(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6102981144873359
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)102983144873,144942,1449704979
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S1029814144837,144850,144858,144859,144867,144871,144873,144874,144875,144879,144888,144889,144946,1449665707
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS21029813144837,144874,144881,144886,144888,144889,144892,144895,144920,144921,144953,144961,14496627198
Chamosite  (*)Chlorite Clay(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8102981144884577
Chlorargyrite  (*)RocksaltAgCl102987144829,144873,144874,144926,144927,144940,1449421382
Chrysocolla  (*)Allophane(Cu2-xAlx)H2-xSi2O5(OH)4·nH2O102984144837,144873,144874,1449083531
Cinnabar  (*)NoneHgS10249.72144859,1449062600
Clinochlore  (*)Chlorite ClayMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)811449471756
Clinozoisite  (*)Clinozoisite EpidoteCa2Al3[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)1029811448991025
Cobaltite  (*)CobaltiteCoAsS102981144850966
Copper  (*)CopperCu10249.73144873,144874,1449063846
Crocoite  (*)Monazite BarytePb(CrO4)102982144873,14487481
Cuprite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2O102983144837,144873,1448742970
Davidite-(La)  (*)CrichtoniteLa(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38114495031
Devilline  (*)DevillineCaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6·3H2O102981144874366
Dioptase  (*)NoneCuSiO3·H2O10239.10164
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)2102986144871,144873,144874,144879,144892,1448959895
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)10249.77144884,144901,144906,144917,144947,144950,1449568173
Ferrimolybdite  (*)NoneFe3+2(Mo6+O4)3·7H2O102982144873,144874345
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF22144957,1449669617
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS1029815144837,144850,144871,144873,144874,144888,144892,144895,144920,144921,144926,144927,144942,144953,14496624243
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)102984144873,144874,144927,1449707437
Gold  (*)CopperAu10239.117144829,144851,144853,144856,144873,144874,144886,144888,144907,144916,144918,144920,144926,144927,144940,144942,14495530554
Goslarite  (*)EpsomiteZn(SO4)·7H2O102982144873,144874188
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O102984144873,144874,144926,1449496890
Halite  (*)RocksaltNaCl10239.101398
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O31029816144845,144847,144848,144886,144918,144926,144927,144929,144931,144940,144942,144946,144947,144953,144956,14496614640
Hisingerite  (*)Kaolinite ClayFe2Si2O5(OH)4·2H2O102982144873,144874144
Hollandite  (*)CoronaditeBa(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O161144843243
Huntite  (*)Not in a structural groupCaMg3(CO3)4114483469
Ilmenite  (*)CorundumFe2+Ti4+O32144937,1449565433
Iodargyrite  (*)WurtziteAgI102982144873,144874180
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6102983144873,144874,1449492228
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)451.949.711449065591
Leadhillite  (*)NonePb4(SO4)(CO3)2(OH)2102982144873,144874265
Lepidocrocite  (*)LepidocrociteFe3+O(OH)102982144873,144874581
Libethenite  (*)AndalusiteCu2(PO4)(OH)102981144902234
Linarite  (*)LinariteCuPb(SO4)(OH)2102981144873987
Litharge  (*)NonePbO102983144873,144874,144927139
Magnesite  (*)CalciteMg(CO3)11448341487
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O43144937,144949,14495614899
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2102989144873,144888,144895,144908,144937,144946,144953,144956,14496612537
Manganite  (*)RutileMn3+O(OH)2144843,144847770
Massicot  (*)NonePbO102982144874,144893202
Matlockite  (*)MatlockitePbClF10298114487329
Mercury  (*)NoneHg51.949.71144906397
Metatorbernite  (*)NoneCu(UO2)2(PO4)2·8H2O1144949443
Miersite  (*)SphaleriteAgI102982144873,14487410
Mimetite  (*)ApatitePb5(AsO4)3Cl11449701107
Minium  (*)MiniumPb2+2Pb4+O4102983144855,144873,144893247
Molybdenite  (*)MolybdeniteMoS2102983144871,144873,1448745800
Mottramite  (*)DescloizitePbCu(VO4)(OH)102982144873,144874362
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)2102985144851,144854,144900,144942,14494717380
Paratacamite  (*)AtacamiteCu3(Cu,Zn)Cl2(OH)6102981144873158
Piemontite  (*)EpidoteCa2(Al2Mn3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)102982144899,144901260
Powellite  (*)ScheeliteCa(MoO4)4839.11144912494
Pseudomalachite  (*)NoneCu5(PO4)2(OH)4102981144902369
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS21029819144829,144854,144862,144871,144873,144874,144879,144888,144889,144892,144895,144920,144921,144929,144933,144949,144953,144955,14496639462
Pyrolusite  (*)RutileMnO22144833,1448473106
Pyromorphite  (*)ApatitePb5(PO4)3Cl102983144873,144874,1449701725
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO210249.79144865,144873,144874,144888,144906,144926,144927,144946,14494761156
Rosasite  (*)MalachiteCuZn(CO3)(OH)2102982144873,144874454
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO211449475614
Scheelite  (*)ScheeliteCa(WO4)10239.16144849,144881,144882,144912,144913,1449154894
Shattuckite  (*)NoneCu5(SiO3)4(OH)24839.1114491671
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)102983144873,144874,1448886417
Silver  (*)CopperAg102982144850,1448795186
Smithsonite  (*)CalciteZn(CO3)102982144873,1448742473
Spessartine  (*)GarnetMn2+3Al2(SiO4)311449471214
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS102987144871,144873,144895,144920,144921,144953,14496621482
Stibiconite  (*)PyrochloreSb3+Sb5+2O6(OH)102981144893446
Stromeyerite  (*)NoneCuAgS102982144873,144874332
Svanbergite  (*)AluniteSrAl3(SO4)(PO4)(OH)6102982144873,144874105
Tenorite  (*)NoneCuO11448371101
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S1310249.74144871,144873,144874,1449065317
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O3144945,144947,1449504899
Torbernite  (*)NoneCu(UO2)2(PO4)2·12H2O11449471059
Uraninite  (*)FluoriteUO211449462718
Uranophane-α  (*)NoneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2·5H2O2144946,144947890
Vanadinite  (*)ApatitePb5(VO4)3Cl102983144871,144873,144874605
Willemite  (*)PhenakiteZn2SiO4102982144873,144874303
Wulfenite  (*)ScheelitePbMoO4102985144855,144873,144874,144893,1449701655


4 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Giersdorf_0000034810298100±2K-Ar  UAKA-73-49    35515Cababi District (Comobabi District), Comobabi Mts, Tohono O'odom (Papago) Indian Reservation, Pima Co., Arizona, USAPapago Indian ReservationShafiqullah et al. (1980) AGSD12_201Cretaceous sedimentary rocks are in disconformable contact with this intrusion
Giersdorf_0000037451.949.750.8±1.1K-Ar  UAKA-77-60    35638Roadside Mine (St. Francis Mine; Coyote Claim), Pan Tak, Coyote District, Coyote Mts, Tohono O'odom (Papago) Indian Reservation, Pima Co., Arizona, USARoadside FormationShafiqullah et al. (1980) AGSD12_201Sample is partially propylitized
Giersdorf_00000377484647.0±1.0K-ArPossible reset age of granodiorite UAKA-72-63    190464Gunsight Hills, Tohono O'odom (Papago) Indian Reservation, Pima Co., Arizona, USAGunsight DistrictShafiqullah et al. (1980) AGSD12_201 
Giersdorf_0000037841.139.140.1±1.0K-ArAge suggests partial resetting of biotites due to hydrothermal activity. UAKA-72-39    190464Gunsight Hills, Tohono O'odom (Papago) Indian Reservation, Pima Co., Arizona, USAAjo Quad.Shafiqullah et al. (1980) AGSD12_201 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL
R050387Sells, Cababi District (Comobabi District), Comobabi Mts, Tohono O'odom (Papago) Indian Reservation, Pima Co., Arizona, USAhttps://rruff.info/R050387
R040024Quijotoa (Covered Wells), Quijotoa District, Quijotoa Mts, Tohono O'odom (Papago) Indian Reservation, Pima Co., Arizona, USAhttps://rruff.info/R040024
R070698Pandora Prospect, Quijotoa (Covered Wells), Quijotoa District, Quijotoa Mts, Tohono O'odom (Papago) Indian Reservation, Pima Co., Arizona, USAhttps://rruff.info/R070698
R070697Pandora Prospect, Quijotoa (Covered Wells), Quijotoa District, Quijotoa Mts, Tohono O'odom (Papago) Indian Reservation, Pima Co., Arizona, USAhttps://rruff.info/R070697

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...

Other copyright data...