Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Smolyan Province, Bulgaria

Oldest recorded age at locality: 31.6
Youngest recorded age at locality: 29.6

mindat Locality ID: 48275
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-48275.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Smolyan Province, Bulgaria": 43
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 24

Number of Child Localities: 7
Child Localities:
Banite Obshtina
Chepelare Obshtina
Davidkovo Ore Field
Devin Obshtina
Madan Ore Field
Nedelino Obshtina
Zlatograd

Latitude: 41°35'13"N
Longitude: 24°46'16"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 41.586944444444,24.771111111111
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au B Ba Be Bi C Ca Cd Ce Cl Co Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn Mo Na Nb Ni O P Pb S Sb Si Ta Ti Y Zn Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AcanthiteAllophaneAluniteAmphiboleApatiteAragoniteArsenopyriteBaryteBerylCalcite
CaledoniteCancrinite-sodaliteChalcoalumiteChalcopyriteChloriteClayClinozoisiteCobaltiteColumbiteCopper
CoronaditeCorundumCubaniteDiamondDiasporeDumortieriteEnargiteEpidoteFeldsparFluorite
GarnetHexahydriteIlvaiteKaoliniteLinariteMalachiteMarcasiteMelanteriteMeneghiniteMica
MolybdeniteMonaziteNatroliteNickelineNoneNot in a structural groupPalygorskitePolybasitePyritePyroxene
QuartzRhodoniteRocksaltRutileScheeliteSodaliteSphaleriteSpinelTalcTetrahedrite
TitaniteWollastoniteWurtziteZircon

113 IMA Minerals at location:
Acanthite  (*)Actinolite  (*)Aikinite  (*)Alabandite  (*)Albite  (*)
Almandine  (*)Anatase  (*)Andradite  (*)Anglesite  (*)Ankerite  (*)
Anorthite  (*)Anthophyllite  (*)Aragonite  (*)Arsenopyrite  (*)Aurichalcite  (*)
Azurite  (*)Baryte  (*)Bertrandite  (*)Beryl  (*)Bianchite  (*)
Bornite  (*)Bustamite  (*)Calcite  (*)Caledonite  (*)Cerussite  (*)
Cesàrolite  (*)Chalcoalumite  (*)Chalcophanite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)Chrysocolla  (*)
Clino-suenoite  (*)Clinochlore  (*)Clinozoisite  (*)Cobaltite  (*)Coesite  (*)
Coronadite  (*)Cosalite  (*)Cubanite  (*)Cuprite  (*)Diamond  (*)
Diopside  (*)Dolomite  (*)Dumortierite  (*)Enargite  (*)Epidote  (*)
Fluorite  (*)Freieslebenite  (*)Fülöppite  (*)Galena  (*)Goethite  (*)
Gold  (*)Graphite  (*)Greenockite  (*)Grossular  (*)Hastingsite  (*)
Hedenbergite  (*)Helvine  (*)Hematite  (*)Hemimorphite  (*)Hetaerolite  (*)
Heteromorphite  (*)Ilmenite  (*)Ilvaite  (*)Jarosite  (*)Johannsenite  (*)
Kaolinite  (*)Kyanite  (*)Laumontite  (*)Linarite  (*)Mackinawite  (*)
Magnetite  (*)Malachite  (*)Manganilvaite  (*)Marcasite  (*)Matildite  (*)
Melanterite  (*)Mesolite  (*)Microcline  (*)Mimetite  (*)Moissanite  (*)
Molybdenite  (*)Monazite-(Ce)  (*)Muscovite  (*)Orthoclase  (*)Palygorskite  (*)
Pargasite  (*)Pearceite  (*)Phlogopite  (*)Plagionite  (*)Plumbojarosite  (*)
Polybasite  (*)Pyrargyrite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Pyromorphite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)
Quartz  (*)Rhodochrosite  (*)Rhodonite  (*)Rutile  (*)Sanidine  (*)
Sillimanite  (*)Silver  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Spinel  (*)Talc  (*)
Tanteuxenite-(Y)  (*)Tennantite-(Fe)  (*)Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)Titanite  (*)Tremolite  (*)
Wollastonite  (*)Wulfenite  (*)Zircon  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Acanthite  (*)AcanthiteAg2S31.629.6229026,290322793
Actinolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)231.629.6229023,290503419
Aikinite  (*)MeneghiniteCuPbBiS331.629.6129032315
Alabandite  (*)RocksaltMnS31.629.6129032312
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)229022,290238803
Almandine  (*)GarnetFe2+3Al2(SiO4)3229023,290252353
Anatase  (*)Not in a structural groupTiO21290232162
Andradite  (*)GarnetCa3Fe3+2(SiO4)31290231534
Anglesite  (*)BarytePb(SO4)31.629.6229026,290422734
Ankerite  (*)NoneCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)231.629.6229032,290493092
Anorthite  (*)FeldsparCa(Al2Si2O8)1290231036
Anthophyllite  (*)Amphibole   Mg2Mg5Si8O22(OH)2129023718
Aragonite  (*)AragoniteCa(CO3)31.629.6329023,29032,290583250
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS31.629.6329026,29032,290399052
Aurichalcite  (*)None(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6129023919
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)2229023,290265509
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)31.629.6629032,29048,29052,29057,29058,2905911547
Bertrandite  (*)Not in a structural groupBe4Si2O7(OH)231.629.6129046606
Beryl  (*)BerylBe3Al2Si6O18329021,29022,290234286
Bianchite  (*)HexahydriteZn(SO4)·6H2O31.629.612903740
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS431.629.6229026,290325516
Bustamite  (*)WollastoniteMn2Ca2MnCa(Si3O9)231.629.6129032101
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)31.629.61629023,29025,29026,29031,29032,29036,29037,29039,29046,29049,29050,29051,29058,29059,29060,2906127770
Caledonite  (*)CaledoniteCu2Pb5(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)631.629.6129042359
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)31.629.6529023,29026,29042,29054,290604979
Cesàrolite  (*)NonePbMn4+3O6(OH)231.629.612904227
Chalcoalumite  (*)ChalcoalumiteCuAl4(SO4)(OH)12·3H2O31.629.612904291
Chalcophanite  (*)NoneZnMn4+3O7·3H2O31.629.6129042197
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS231.629.61229026,29027,29032,29034,29036,29037,29039,29046,29049,29050,29051,2906027198
Chrysocolla  (*)Allophane(Cu2-xAlx)H2-xSi2O5(OH)4·nH2O31.629.61290423531
Clino-suenoite  (*)Amphibole   Mn2+2Mg5Si8O22(OH)231.629.622905057
Clinochlore  (*)Chlorite ClayMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)81290231756
Clinozoisite  (*)Clinozoisite EpidoteCa2Al3[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)1290231025
Cobaltite  (*)CobaltiteCoAsS31.629.6129032966
Coesite  (*)Not in a structural groupSiO212902577
Coronadite  (*)CoronaditePb(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O1631.629.6129042227
Cosalite  (*)NonePb2Bi2S531.629.6129032344
Cubanite  (*)Cubanite WurtziteCuFe2S331.629.6129032802
Cuprite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2O31.629.61290422970
Diamond  (*)DiamondC129025697
Diopside  (*)PyroxeneCaMgSi2O631.629.61290324135
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)231.629.6429023,29025,29039,290469895
Dumortierite  (*)DumortieriteAlAl6BSi3O18129023231
Enargite  (*)Enargite WurtziteCu3AsS4129026910
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)31.629.6429023,29032,29039,290468173
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF231.629.6329023,29031,290329617
Freieslebenite  (*)NoneAgPbSbS331.629.6129032105
Fülöppite  (*)NonePb3Sb8S1531.629.612903255
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS31.629.62229023,29026,29027,29032,29034,29036,29037,29038,29039,29041,29044,29046,29049,29050,29051,29052,29054,29058,29059,29060,29061,2906224243
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)31.629.6229026,290427437
Gold  (*)CopperAu31.629.612903230554
Graphite  (*)NoneC31.629.6729023,29028,29029,29031,29037,29046,290542812
Greenockite  (*)WurtziteCdS31.629.6129032717
Grossular  (*)GarnetCa3Al2(SiO4)31290231544
Hastingsite  (*)AmphiboleNaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2129023209
Hedenbergite  (*)PyroxeneCaFe2+Si2O631.629.6329032,29037,29050741
Helvine  (*)Sodalite Cancrinite-sodaliteBe3Mn2+4(SiO4)3S31.629.6129046237
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O331.629.6429023,29026,29032,2903414640
Hemimorphite  (*)Not in a structural groupZn4(Si2O7)(OH)2·H2O31.629.6229023,290421689
Hetaerolite  (*)SpinelZnMn3+2O431.629.612904273
Heteromorphite  (*)NonePb7Sb8S1931.629.612903238
Ilmenite  (*)CorundumFe2+Ti4+O3229023,290255433
Ilvaite  (*)IlvaiteCaFe3+Fe2+2O(Si2O7)(OH)31.629.6129032197
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)61290262228
Johannsenite  (*)PyroxeneCaMnSi2O631.629.6529032,29037,29046,29049,2905073
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)431.629.61290325591
Kyanite  (*)Not in a structural groupAl2OSiO4429023,29025,29028,290291507
Laumontite  (*)Not in a structural groupCaAl2Si4O12·4H2O1290231271
Linarite  (*)LinariteCuPb(SO4)(OH)231.629.6129042987
Mackinawite  (*)None(Fe,Ni)1+xS (x = 0-0.07)31.629.6129032451
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O412902314899
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)231.629.6329023,29026,2904212537
Manganilvaite  (*)IlvaiteCaFe2+Fe3+Mn2+(Si2O7)O(OH)31.629.6229050,290515
Marcasite  (*)MarcasiteFeS231.629.6229032,290585674
Matildite  (*)NoneAgBiS231.629.6129032252
Melanterite  (*)MelanteriteFe(SO4)·7H2O129026915
Mesolite  (*)NatroliteNa2Ca2(Si9Al6)O30·8H2O129023425
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)1290234924
Mimetite  (*)ApatitePb5(AsO4)3Cl31.629.61290421107
Moissanite  (*)WurtziteSiC12902357
Molybdenite  (*)MolybdeniteMoS2229023,290265800
Monazite-(Ce)  (*)MonaziteCe(PO4)129025945
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)231.629.6529023,29025,29026,29032,2904617380
Orthoclase  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)1290232349
Palygorskite  (*)Palygorskite Clay(Mg,Al)2Si4O10(OH)·4H2O31.629.6129032306
Pargasite  (*)AmphiboleNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2229028,29029313
Pearceite  (*)Polybasite[Ag9CuS4][(Ag,Cu)6(As,Sb)2S7]31.629.6129051249
Phlogopite  (*)Mica ClayKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2229028,290292273
Plagionite  (*)NonePb5Sb8S1731.629.6129032100
Plumbojarosite  (*)AlunitePb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)631.629.6129042477
Polybasite  (*)Polybasite[Ag9CuS4][(Ag,Cu)6(Sb,As)2S7]31.629.6229026,29032716
Pyrargyrite  (*)NoneAg3SbS331.629.61290321425
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS231.629.61629023,29025,29026,29031,29032,29036,29037,29038,29039,29041,29046,29048,29049,29050,29058,2906039462
Pyromorphite  (*)ApatitePb5(PO4)3Cl31.629.6229026,290421725
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S831.629.6229023,290329056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO231.629.62529021,29022,29023,29025,29026,29027,29028,29029,29032,29034,29036,29037,29038,29039,29042,29044,29046,29048,29049,29050,29051,29058,29060,29061,2906261156
Rhodochrosite  (*)CalciteMn(CO3)31.629.6729026,29027,29032,29036,29039,29046,290501711
Rhodonite  (*)RhodoniteCaMn3Mn(Si5O15)31.629.6429032,29046,29050,29051969
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO2229023,290255614
Sanidine  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)129023598
Sillimanite  (*)Not in a structural groupAl2SiO51290231516
Silver  (*)CopperAg31.629.6329026,29032,290515186
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS31.629.61929026,29027,29032,29034,29036,29037,29038,29039,29041,29044,29046,29049,29050,29051,29058,29059,29060,29061,2906221482
Spinel  (*)SpinelMgAl2O41290231934
Talc  (*)Clay TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)231.629.61290323337
Tanteuxenite-(Y)  (*)ColumbiteY(TaTi)O612902316
Tennantite-(Fe)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Fe2)As4S1331.629.6229026,290321803
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S1331.629.61290325317
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O1290234899
Tremolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg5.0-4.5Fe2+0.0-0.5)Si8O22(OH)231.629.6229023,290322562
Wollastonite  (*)WollastoniteCaSiO331.629.6229023,290321247
Wulfenite  (*)ScheelitePbMoO41290261655
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)229023,290255251


2 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
DeepDive-Co-004631.629.630.6 Ar-Ar dating of hydrothermal muscovitemuscovite   Muscovite  459Madan Ore Field, Smolyan Province, BulgariaMadan ore fieldVassileva et al. (2006)  Ar-Ar dating of hydrothermal muscovite
sedznpb-0006630.7629.9530.76–29.95        459Madan Ore Field, Smolyan Province, BulgariaMadanSinger et al. (2009) USGSOFR2009-1252 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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