Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

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The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

Locality Name:
Metropolitan City Of Florence, Tuscany, Italy

Oldest recorded age at locality: 354
Youngest recorded age at locality: 290

mindat Locality ID: 56015
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-56015.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Metropolitan City Of Florence, Tuscany, Italy": 38
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 23

Number of Child Localities: 7
Child Localities:
Calenzano
Firenzuola
Florence
Gambassi Terme
Greve In Chianti
Impruneta
Montaione

Latitude: 43°50'16"N
Longitude: 11°11'31"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 43.837777777778,11.191944444444

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Allophane	Alunite	Amorphous	Amphibole	Analcime	Apatite	Aragonite	Baryte	Braunite	Brochantite
Brookite	Brucite	Calcite	Cerite	Chalcanthite	Chalcopyrite	Chlorite	Clay	Clinozoisite	Copiapite
Copper	Corundum	Covellite	Cristobalite	Cubanite	Devilline	Diaspore	Digenite	Enargite	Epidote
Feldspar	Gadolinite	Garnet	Gypsum	Halotrichite	Hydrotalcite	Iron	Kanonerovite	Malachite	Marcasite
Melanterite	Mica	Millerite	Mixite	Natrolite	Nickeline	None	Not in a structural group	Olivine	Pentlandite
Perovskite	Prehnite	Pumpellyite	Pyrite	Pyrophyllite	Pyroxene	Quartz	Rhodonite	Rocksalt	Rutile
Serpentine	Smectite-vermiculite	Sphalerite	Spinel	Talc	Titanite	Vesuvianite	Vivianite	Wurtzite	Zircon

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al As B Ba C Ca Cl Co Cr Cu F Fe H Hg K Mg Mn Na Ni O P S Si Ti Zn Zr

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality:

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Allophane Alunite Amorphous Amphibole Analcime Apatite Aragonite Baryte Braunite Brochantite
Brookite Brucite Calcite Cerite Chalcanthite Chalcopyrite Chlorite Clay Clinozoisite Copiapite
Copper Corundum Covellite Cristobalite Cubanite Devilline Diaspore Digenite Enargite Epidote
Feldspar Gadolinite Garnet Gypsum Halotrichite Hydrotalcite Iron Kanonerovite Malachite Marcasite
Melanterite Mica Millerite Mixite Natrolite Nickeline None Not in a structural group Olivine Pentlandite
Perovskite Prehnite Pumpellyite Pyrite Pyrophyllite Pyroxene Quartz Rhodonite Rocksalt Rutile
Serpentine Smectite-vermiculite Sphalerite Spinel Talc Titanite Vesuvianite Vivianite Wurtzite Zircon

104 IMA Minerals at location:

Albite ()*	Analcime ()*	Anatase ()*	Andradite ()*	Anhydrite ()*
Ankerite ()*	Anorthite ()*	Antigorite ()*	Aragonite ()*	Augite ()*
Aurichalcite ()*	Azurite ()*	Babingtonite ()*	Baryte ()*	Bornite ()*
Braunite ()*	Brochantite ()*	Brookite ()*	Brucite ()*	Calciopetersite ()*
Calcite ()*	Celadonite ()*	Chalcanthite ()*	Chalcocite ()*	Chalcopyrite ()*
Chlorapatite ()*	Chromite ()*	Chrysocolla ()*	Chrysotile ()*	Cinnabar ()*
Clinochlore ()*	Clinoenstatite ()*	Copiapite ()*	Copper ()*	Covellite ()*
Cristobalite ()*	Cubanite ()*	Cuprite ()*	Datolite ()*	Digenite ()*
Diopside ()*	Djurleite ()*	Dolomite ()*	Enargite ()*	Enstatite ()*
Epidote ()*	Ferripyrophyllite ()*	Forsterite ()*	Goethite ()*	Gypsum ()*
Halotrichite ()*	Hematite ()*	Hercynite ()*	Hydroxylapatite ()*	Hylbrownite ()*
Ilmenite ()*	Iron ()*	Jamborite ()*	Jarosite ()*	Langite ()*
Laumontite ()*	Lizardite ()*	Magnesite ()*	Magnetite ()*	Malachite ()*
Marcasite ()*	Melanterite ()*	Merrillite ()*	Millerite ()*	Natrolite ()*
Nimite ()*	Opal ()*	Pentlandite ()*	Perovskite ()*	Posnjakite ()*
Prehnite ()*	Pumpellyite-(Mg) ()*	Pyrite ()*	Pyrophanite ()*	Pyrophyllite ()*
Pyrrhotite ()*	Quartz ()*	Rutile ()*	Saponite ()*	Schreibersite ()*
Scolecite ()*	Serpierite ()*	Siderite ()*	Sphalerite ()*	Spinel ()*
Tacharanite ()*	Taenite ()*	Talc ()*	Tenorite ()*	Titanite ()*
Tremolite ()*	Troilite ()*	Vaesite ()*	Vermiculite ()*	Vesuvianite ()*
Vivianite ()*	Wüstite ()*	Zircon ()*	Zoisite ()*

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Albite ()*	Feldspar	Na(AlSi₃O₈)			2	73024,73045	8803
Analcime ()*	Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆)·H₂O			5	73040,73044,73046,73050,73056	1627
Anatase ()*	Not in a structural group	TiO₂	354	290	4	73038,73040,73044,73052	2162
Andradite ()*	Garnet	Ca₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃			5	73024,73025,73036,73045,73048	1534
Anhydrite ()*	Not in a structural group	Ca(SO₄)			2	73032,73056	1588
Ankerite ()*	None	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂			2	73044,73047	3092
Anorthite ()*	Feldspar	Ca(Al₂Si₂O₈)			3	73044,73046,73047	1036
Antigorite ()*	Serpentine Clay	Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄			4	73036,73038,73044,73056	708
Aragonite ()*	Aragonite	Ca(CO₃)			5	73024,73036,73038,73047,73056	3250
Augite ()*	Pyroxene	(Ca,Mg,Fe)₂Si₂O₆			1	73026	2060
Aurichalcite ()*	None	(Zn,Cu)₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆			3	73035,73040,73045	919
Azurite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂	354	290	9	73035,73036,73038,73040,73044,73045,73047,73051,73056	5509
Babingtonite ()*	Rhodonite	Ca₂Fe²⁺Fe³⁺Si₅O₁₄(OH)			1	73024	161
Baryte ()*	Baryte	Ba(SO₄)	354	290	8	73020,73029,73038,73041,73044,73047,73051,73056	11547
Bornite ()*	None	Cu₅FeS₄			9	73024,73034,73035,73036,73040,73044,73045,73047,73056	5516
Braunite ()*	Braunite	Mn²⁺Mn³⁺₆O₈(SiO₄)			1	73022	483
Brochantite ()*	Brochantite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆			1	73045	1633
Brookite ()*	Brookite	TiO₂	354	290	2	73038,73052	700
Brucite ()*	Brucite	Mg(OH)₂	354	290	2	73038,73051	462
Calciopetersite ()*	Mixite	CaCu₆(PO₄)₂(PO₃OH)(OH)₆·3H₂O			1	73024	3
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)	354	290	17	73020,73022,73024,73025,73032,73034,73035,73036,73038,73040,73044,73045,73047,73050,73051,73053,73056	27770
Celadonite ()*	Mica Clay	KMgFe³⁺Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂			1	73022	309
Chalcanthite ()*	Chalcanthite	Cu(SO₄)·5H₂O			2	73040,73047	925
Chalcocite ()*	None	Cu₂S			8	73034,73035,73036,73038,73040,73044,73045,73047	5707
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂	354	290	12	73022,73024,73034,73035,73036,73038,73040,73044,73045,73051,73056,73057	27198
Chlorapatite ()*	Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃Cl			1	73047	203
Chromite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Cr₂O₄			2	73026,73044	3902
Chrysocolla ()*	Allophane	(Cu_2-xAl_x)H_2-xSi₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O			8	73024,73034,73035,73036,73038,73040,73047,73056	3531
Chrysotile ()*	Serpentine Clay	Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄			7	73027,73035,73036,73038,73040,73048,73056	951
Cinnabar ()*	None	HgS	354	290	1	73053	2600
Clinochlore ()*	Chlorite Clay	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈			2	73044,73048	1756
Clinoenstatite ()*	Pyroxene	Mg₂Si₂O₆			1	73026	94
Copiapite ()*	Copiapite	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₄(SO₄)₆(OH)₂·20H₂O	354	290	2	73038,73052	382
Copper ()*	Copper	Cu			6	73024,73036,73038,73040,73045,73047	3846
Covellite ()*	Covellite	CuS			3	73035,73040,73044	4165
Cristobalite ()*	Cristobalite	SiO₂			1	73026	453
Cubanite ()*	Cubanite Wurtzite	CuFe₂S₃			1	73040	802
Cuprite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₂O			5	73036,73038,73040,73044,73047	2970
Datolite ()*	Gadolinite	CaB(SiO₄)(OH)			5	73022,73024,73025,73044,73047	498
Digenite ()*	Digenite	Cu_1.8S			1	73047	1027
Diopside ()*	Pyroxene	CaMgSi₂O₆			7	73022,73026,73036,73038,73044,73045,73047	4135
Djurleite ()*	None	Cu₃₁S₁₆			3	73044,73045,73047	300
Dolomite ()*	None	CaMg(CO₃)₂	354	290	5	73032,73038,73044,73051,73056	9895
Enargite ()*	Enargite Wurtzite	Cu₃AsS₄			1	73047	910
Enstatite ()*	Pyroxene	Mg₂Si₂O₆			1	73026	944
Epidote ()*	Epidote Clinozoisite	Ca₂(Al₂Fe³⁺)[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)			2	73024,73047	8173
Ferripyrophyllite ()*	Clay Pyrophyllite	Fe³⁺Si₂O₅(OH)			1	73044	9
Forsterite ()*	Olivine	Mg₂(SiO₄)			1	73026	1188
Goethite ()*	Diaspore	FeO(OH)	354	290	11	73032,73034,73035,73036,73038,73040,73050,73051,73052,73053,73056	7437
Gypsum ()*	Gypsum	Ca(SO₄)·2H₂O	354	290	10	73020,73032,73034,73035,73036,73038,73040,73044,73047,73053	6890
Halotrichite ()*	Halotrichite	Fe²⁺Al₂(SO₄)₄·22H₂O			1	73040	409
Hematite ()*	Corundum	Fe₂O₃			4	73024,73038,73040,73044	14640
Hercynite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Al₂O₄			2	73045,73055	407
Hydroxylapatite ()*	Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃OH			1	73048	367
Hylbrownite ()*	Kanonerovite	Na₃MgP₃O₁₀·12H₂O			1	73048	2
Ilmenite ()*	Corundum	Fe²⁺Ti⁴⁺O₃			4	73026,73044,73046,73047	5433
Iron ()*	Iron	Fe			1	73026	1089
Jamborite ()*	Hydrotalcite	Ni²⁺_1-xCo³⁺_x(OH)_2-x(SO₄)_x·nH₂O [x ≤ 1/3 n; ≤ (1-x)]			3	73022,73038,73043	32
Jarosite ()*	Alunite	KFe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆			1	73040	2228
Langite ()*	None	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆·2H₂O			2	73044,73045	593
Laumontite ()*	Not in a structural group	CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂·4H₂O			2	73044,73046	1271
Lizardite ()*	Serpentine Clay	Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄			3	73027,73044,73056	359
Magnesite ()*	Calcite	Mg(CO₃)	354	290	7	73036,73038,73044,73046,73047,73053,73056	1487
Magnetite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄			8	73024,73026,73027,73036,73038,73044,73048,73056	14899
Malachite ()*	Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂	354	290	11	73024,73034,73035,73036,73038,73040,73044,73045,73047,73051,73056	12537
Marcasite ()*	Marcasite	FeS₂	354	290	8	73020,73032,73036,73044,73045,73052,73053,73056	5674
Melanterite ()*	Melanterite	Fe(SO₄)·7H₂O			1	73040	915
Merrillite ()*	Cerite	Ca₉NaMg(PO₄)₇			1	73026	230
Millerite ()*	Millerite	NiS			3	73038,73043,73044	1066
Natrolite ()*	Natrolite	Na₂(Si₃Al₂)O₁₀·2H₂O			3	73044,73046,73050	1236
Nimite ()*	Chlorite Clay	(Ni,Mg,Al)₆(Si,Al)₄O₁₀(OH)₈			1	73038	15
Opal ()*	Amorphous	SiO₂·nH₂O	354	290	6	73036,73038,73044,73045,73051,73056	2994
Pentlandite ()*	Pentlandite	(Ni,Fe)₉S₈			1	73026	1512
Perovskite ()*	Perovskite	CaTiO₃			2	73045,73048	495
Posnjakite ()*	None	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆·H₂O			2	73036,73040	309
Prehnite ()*	Prehnite	Ca₂Al(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂			4	73024,73044,73046,73047	1898
Pumpellyite-(Mg) ()*	Pumpellyite	Ca₂MgAl₂(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)(OH)₂·H₂O			1	73044	106
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	354	290	8	73024,73036,73038,73040,73044,73045,73047,73053	39462
Pyrophanite ()*	Corundum	Mn²⁺TiO₃			2	73045,73048	244
Pyrophyllite ()*	Clay Pyrophyllite	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂			1	73044	771
Pyrrhotite ()*	Nickeline	Fe₇S₈			1	73026	9056
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	354	290	14	73020,73022,73024,73034,73035,73036,73038,73040,73044,73045,73047,73052,73053,73057	61156
Rutile ()*	Rutile	TiO₂			1	73045	5614
Saponite ()*	Clay Smectite-vermiculite	(Ca,Na)_0.3(Mg,Fe)₃(Si,Al)₄O₁₀(OH)₂·4H₂O			1	73044	301
Schreibersite ()*	None	(Fe,Ni)₃P			1	73026	374
Scolecite ()*	Natrolite	Ca(Si₃Al₂)O₁₀·3H₂O			2	73044,73045	390
Serpierite ()*	Devilline	Ca(Cu,Zn)₄(SO₄)₂(OH)₆·3H₂O			2	73044,73045	292
Siderite ()*	Calcite	Fe(CO₃)			2	73020,73056	6417
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS			5	73024,73035,73040,73045,73056	21482
Spinel ()*	Spinel	MgAl₂O₄	354	290	2	73044,73051	1934
Tacharanite ()*	None	Ca₁₂Al₂Si₁₈O₃₃(OH)₃₆			1	73044	47
Taenite ()*	None	(Ni,Fe)			1	73026	703
Talc ()*	Clay Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂			11	73022,73024,73036,73038,73040,73043,73044,73045,73047,73048,73056	3337
Tenorite ()*	None	CuO			2	73044,73047	1101
Titanite ()*	Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O			5	73024,73025,73047,73048,73056	4899
Tremolite ()*	Amphibole	Ca₂(Mg_5.0-4.5Fe²⁺_0.0-0.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂			2	73044,73046	2562
Troilite ()*	None	FeS			1	73026	1044
Vaesite ()*	Pyrite	NiS₂			1	73043	106
Vermiculite ()*	Clay Smectite-vermiculite	Mg_0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)₆(Si,Al)₈O₂₀(OH)₄·8H₂O			1	73044	652
Vesuvianite ()*	Vesuvianite	(Ca,Na)₁₉(Al,Mg,Fe)₁₃(SiO₄)₁₀(Si₂O₇)₄(OH,F,O)₁₀			4	73036,73038,73045,73048	1395
Vivianite ()*	Vivianite	Fe²⁺₃(PO₄)₂·8H₂O			1	73020	636
Wüstite ()*	Rocksalt	FeO			1	73026	74
Zircon ()*	Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)			5	73024,73040,73045,73048,73056	5251
Zoisite ()*	Epidote	Ca₂Al₃[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)			4	73038,73044,73047,73056	1025

Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:

Age ID	Locality Notes
Michelle_387	GPS is estimate.

1 Ages assigned to this locality:

	Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Prioritized?	Sample Source	Sample Num	Run Num	Age from other Locality	Dated Mineral	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
	Michelle_387	354	290	Carboniferous	fossil	Age of coal deposit									283351	Iano (Jano), Montaione, Metropolitan City Of Florence, Tuscany, Italy	Jano	Jervis (1862)		BOOK_MRCI_1862	Age of coal deposit

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...