R040009 - RRUFF Database: Raman, X-ray, Infrared, and Chemistry

Diopside R040009

Name: Diopside
RRUFF ID: R040009
Ideal Chemistry: CaMgSi₂O₆
Locality: Otter Lake, Quebec, Canada
Source: University of Arizona Mineral Museum 10012 [view label]
Owner: RRUFF
Description: Green square prismatic crystal associated with pale orange calcite
Status: The identification of this mineral has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction and chemical analysis

Mineral Group: [ pyroxene (81) ]

Quick search: [ All Diopside samples (19) ]

CHEMISTRY

RRUFF ID:	R040009.2
Sample Description:	Microprobe Fragment
Measured Chemistry:	(Ca_0.97Fe_0.02Na_0.01)_Σ=1(Mg_0.97Fe_0.02Al_0.01)_Σ=1Si_2.00O₆; trace amounts of Mn and Ti
Microprobe Data File:	[ Download Excel File ]

RAMAN SPECTRUM

RRUFF ID:

Sample Description:

Sample is oriented, mounted onto a pin and polished

Pin ID:

M00056

Orientation:

Laser parallel to -c [0 0 -1]. Fiducial mark perpendicular to laser is parallel to b* (0 1 0).

DOWNLOADS:

To download sample data,
please select a specific
orientation angle.

Raman Mode Analysis

BROAD SCAN WITH SPECTRAL ARTIFACTS

RRUFF ID:

R040009

Wavelength:

Sample Description:

Unoriented sample

Instrument settings:

Thermo Almega XR 532nm @ 100% of 150mW

DOWNLOADS:

	Raman Data (RAW)
	RRUFF File

INFRARED SPECTRUM (Attenuated Total Reflectance)

RRUFF ID:

R040009.1

Sample Description:

Powder

Instrument settings:

SensIR Durascope on a Nicolet Magna 860 FTIR

Resolution:

DOWNLOADS:

	Infrared Data (Processed)
	RRUFF File

POWDER DIFFRACTION

RRUFF ID:

R040009.1

Sample Description:

Powder

Cell Refinement Output:

a: 9.7481(4)Å b: 8.9230(3)Å c: 5.2508(2)Å
alpha: 90.° beta: 105.886(3)° gamma: 90.° Volume: 439.28(2)Å³ Crystal System: monoclinic

File Type Information

Calculated diffraction file.

File Type Information

Output file from the Bruker D8 Advance instrument. Includes device headers and XY data.

File Type Information

Output file from the Bruker D8 Advance instrument. Includes device headers and XY data.

DOWNLOADS:

	Cell Refinement Data
	Cell Refinement Output Data
	DIF File
	X-ray Data (XY - Processed)
	RRUFF File
	X-ray Data (XY - RAW)
	RRUFF File

REFERENCES for Diopside
American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Record: [view record]
Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]
d’Andrada J B (1800) Der Eigenschaften und Kennzeichen einiger neuen Fossilien aus Schweden und Norwegen nebst einigen chemischen Bemerkungen über dieselben, Allgemeines Journal der Chemie, 4, 28-39 [view file]
d’Andrada J B (1801) Description of some new fossils (Old English translation), A Journal of Natural Philosophy, Chemistry, and the Arts, 5, 193-196; 211-213 [view file]
Dana E S (1904) Monoclinic Section. Pyroxene, in The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Data 1837-1868, Sixth Edition John Wiley & Sons New York 352-371 [view file]
Washington H S, Merwin H E (1927) The acmitic pyroxenes, American Mineralogist, 12, 233-252 [view file]
Bannister F A (1932) Proceedings of societies: Mineralogical Society of Great Britian and Ireland, American Mineralogist, 17, 455-455 [view file]
Aleksandrov K S, Ryzhova T V, Belikov B P (1964) The elastic properties of pyroxenes, Soviet Physics - Crystallography, 8, 589-591 [view file]
Grubb P L C (1965) An unusual occurrence of diopside and uvarovite near Thetford, Quebec, The Canadian Mineralogist, 8, 241-248 [view file]
Clark J R, Appleman D E, Papike J J (1969) Crystal-chemical characterization of clinopyroxenes based on eight new structure refinements, Mineralogical Society of America Special Paper, 2, 31-50 [view file]
Nolan J (1969) Physical properties of synthetic and natural pyroxenes in the system diopside-hedenbergite-acmite, Mineralogical Magazine, 37, 216-229 [view file]
Rutstein M S, Yund R A (1969) Unit-cell parameters of synthetic diopside-hedenbergite solid solutions, American Mineralogist, 54, 238-245 [view file]
Sood M K, Platt R G, Edgar A D (1970) Phase relations in portions of the system diopside-nepheline-kalsilite-silica and their importance in the genesis of alkaline rocks, The Canadian Mineralogist, 10, 380-394 [view file]
Cameron M, Sueno S, Prewitt C T, Papike J J (1973) High-temperature crystal chemistry of acmite, diopside, hedenbergite, jadeite, spodumene, and ureyite, American Mineralogist, 58, 594-618 [view file]
Turnock A C, Lindsley D H, Grover J E (1973) Synthesis and unit cell parameters of Ca-Mg-Fe pyroxenes, American Mineralogist, 58, 50-59 [view file]
Veblen D R, Buseck P R, Burnham C W (1977) Asbestiform chain silicates: New minerals and structural groups, Science, 198, 359-365 [view file]
Cameron M, Papike J J (1981) Structural and chemical variations in pyroxenes, American Mineralogist, 66, 1-50 [view file]
LeAnderson P J (1981) Calculation of temperature and X(CO₂) values for tremolite—K–feldspar—diopside—epidote assemblages, The Canadian Mineralogist, 19, 619-630 [view file]
Levien L, Prewitt C T (1981) High-pressure structural study of diopside, American Mineralogist, 66, 315-323 [view file]
Morimoto N (1988) Nomenclature of pyroxenes, Mineralogical Magazine, 52, 535-550 [view file]
Wang X, Greenwood H J (1988) An experimental study of the equilibrium: grossular + clinochlore = 3 diopside + 2 spinel + 4 H₂O, The Canadian Mineralogist, 26, 269-281 [view file]
Cheng W, Greenwood H J (1989) The stability of the assemblage zoisite + diopside, The Canadian Mineralogist, 27, 657-662 [view file]
Dickinson J E, Scarfe C M (1990) Raman spectroscopic study of glasses on the join diopside-albite, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 54, 1037-1043 [link]
Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C, Turnock A C, (1990) Crystal chemistry of synthetic pyroxenes on the join CaNiSi₂O₆-CaMgSi₂O₆ (diopside): A Rietveld structure refinement study, American Mineralogist, 75, 1274-1281 [view file]
Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C, Turnock A C (1990) Evaluation of the Rietveld method for the characterization of fine-grained products of mineral synthesis: the diopside-hedenbergite join, The Canadian Mineralogist, 28, 93-109 [view file]
Lüttge A, Metz P (1991) Mechanism and kinetics of the reaction 1 dolomite + 2 quartz = 1 diopside + 2 CO₂ investigated by powder experiments, The Canadian Mineralogist, 29, 803-821 [view file]
Swamy V, Dubrovinsky L, Matsui M (1997) High-temperature Raman spectroscopy and quasi-harmonic lattice dynamic simulation of diopside, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 24, 440-446 [link]
Richet P, Mysen B, Ingrin J (1998) High-temperature X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy of diopside and pseudowollastonite, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 25, 401-414 [link]
Herd C D K, Peterson R C, Rossman G R (2000) Violet-colored diopside from southern Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada, The Canadian Mineralogist, 38, 1193-1199 [view file]
Huang E, Chen C H, Huang T, Lin E H, Xu J (2000) Raman spectroscopic characteristics of Mg-Fe-Ca pyroxenes, American Mineralogist, 85, 473-479 [view file]
Prencipe M, Tribaudino M, Pavese A, Hoser A, Reehuis M (2000) A single-crystal neutron-diffraction investigation of diopside at 10 K, The Canadian Mineralogist, 38, 183-189 [view file]
Wang A, Jolliff B L, Haskin L A, Kuebler K E, Viskupic K M (2001) Characterization and comparison of structural and compositional features of planetary quadrilateral pyroxenes by Raman spectroscopy, American Mineralogist, 86, 790-806 [view file]
Weng Y H, Presnall D C (2001) The system diopside - forsterite - enstatite at 5.1 GPa: a ternary model for melting of the mantle, The Canadian Mineralogist, 39, 299-308 [view file]
Chopelas A, Serghiou G (2002) Spectroscopic evidence for pressure-induced phase transitions in diopside, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 29, 403-408 [link]
Nimis P (2002) The pressures and temperatures of formation of diamond based on thermobarometry of chromian diopside inclusions, The Canadian Mineralogist, 40, 871-884 [view file]
Shannon R D, Shannon R C, Medenbach O, Fischer R X (2002) Refractive index and dispersion of fluorides and oxides, Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, 31, 931-970 [view file]
Tribaudino M, Nestola F (2002) Average and local structure in P2₁/c clinopyroxenes along the join diopside-enstatite (CaMgSi₂O₆-Mg₂Si₂O₆), European Journal of Mineralogy, 14, 549-555
Akaogi M, Yano M, Tejima Y, Iijima M, Kojitani H (2004) High-pressure transition of diopside and wollastonite: phase equilibria and thermochemistry of CaMgSi2O6, CaSiO3 and CaSi2O5--CaTiSiO5 system, Physics of The Earth and Planetary Interiors, 143, 145-156
Hamilton V E, McSween H Y, Hapke B (2005) Mineralogy of Martian atmospheric dust inferred from thermal infrared spectra of aerosols, Journal of Geophysical Research, 110, E12006 [link]
Thompson R M, Downs R T (2008) The crystal structure of diopside at pressure to 10 GPa, American Mineralogist, 93, 177-186 [view file]
Boffa Ballaran T, Nestola F, Tribaudino M, Ohashi H (2009) Bulk modulus variations along the diopside-kosmochlor solid solution, European Journal of Mineralogy, 21, 591-597
Buzatu A, Buzgar N (2010) The Raman study of single-chain silicates, Analele Stiintifice Ale Universitatii, Al. I. Cuza Iasi Geologie, 56, 107-125 [view file]
Plonka A M, Dera P, Irmen P, Rivers M L, Ehm L, Parise J B (2012) β-diopside, a new ultrahigh-pressure polymorph of CaMgSi₂O₆ with six-coordinated silicon, Geophysical Research Letters, 39, L24307, 1-4
Tribaudino M, Mantovani L, Bersani D, Lottici P P (2012) Raman spectroscopy of (Ca,Mg)MgSi₂O₆ clinopyroxenes, American Mineralogist, 97, 1339-1347 [view file]
Mantovani L, Tribaudino M, Mezzadri F, Calestani G, Bromiley G (2013) The structure of (Ca,Co)CoSi₂O₆ pyroxenes and the Ca-M²⁺ substitution in (Ca,M²⁺)M²⁺Si₂O₆ pyroxenes (M²⁺ = Co, Fe, Mg), American Mineralogist, 98, 1241-1252
Mantovani L, Tribaudino M, Bertoni G, Salvianti G, Bromiley G (2014) Solid solutions and phase transitions in (Ca,M²⁺)M²⁺Si₂O₆ pyroxenes (M²⁺ = Co, Fe, Mg), American Mineralogist, 99, 704-711
Yang Y, Xia Q, Zhang P (2015) Evolution of OH groups in diopside and feldspars with temperature, European Journal of Mineralogy, 27, 185-192
Nespolo M, Aroyo M I (2016) The modular structure of pyroxenes, European Journal of Mineralogy, 28, 189-203
Thompson R M, Yang H, Downs R T (2016) Ideal wollastonite and the structural relationship between the pyroxenoids and pyroxenes, American Mineralogist, 101, 2544-2553
Akasaka M, Takasu Y, Handa M, Nagashima M, Hamada M, Ejima T (2019) Distribution of Cr³⁺ between octahedral and tetrahedral sites in synthetic blue and green (CaMgSi₂O₆)₉₅(CaCrAlSiO₆)₅ diopsides, Mineralogical Magazine, 83, 497-505
Gao W, Ciobanu C L, Cook N J, Slattery A, Huang F, Wang D (2019) Nanoscale study of lamellar exsolutions in clinopyroxene from olivine gabbro: Recording crystallization sequences in iron-rich layered intrusions, American Mineralogist, 104, 244-261
Hao M, Pierotti C E, Tkachev S, Prakapenka V, Zhang J S (2019) The single-crystal elastic properties of the jadeite-diopside solid solution and their implications for the composition-dependent seismic properties of eclogite, American Mineralogist, 104, 1016-1021
Balan E, Paulatto L, Liu J, Ingrin J (2020) Low-temperature infrared spectrum and atomic-scale structure of hydrous defects in diopside, European Journal of Mineralogy, 32, 505-520 [view file]
Fan D, Fu S, Lu C, Xu J, Zhang Y, Tkachev S N, Prakapenka V B, Lin J F (2020) Elasticity of single-crystal Fe-enriched diopside at high-pressure conditions: Implications for the origin of upper mantle low-velocity zones, American Mineralogist, 105, 363-374

REFERENCES for Diopside

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Record: [view record]

Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]

d’Andrada J B (1800) Der Eigenschaften und Kennzeichen einiger neuen Fossilien aus Schweden und Norwegen nebst einigen chemischen Bemerkungen über dieselben, Allgemeines Journal der Chemie, 4, 28-39 [view file]

d’Andrada J B (1801) Description of some new fossils (Old English translation), A Journal of Natural Philosophy, Chemistry, and the Arts, 5, 193-196; 211-213 [view file]

Dana E S (1904) Monoclinic Section. Pyroxene, in The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Data 1837-1868, Sixth Edition John Wiley & Sons New York 352-371 [view file]

Washington H S, Merwin H E (1927) The acmitic pyroxenes, American Mineralogist, 12, 233-252 [view file]

Bannister F A (1932) Proceedings of societies: Mineralogical Society of Great Britian and Ireland, American Mineralogist, 17, 455-455 [view file]

Aleksandrov K S, Ryzhova T V, Belikov B P (1964) The elastic properties of pyroxenes, Soviet Physics - Crystallography, 8, 589-591 [view file]

Grubb P L C (1965) An unusual occurrence of diopside and uvarovite near Thetford, Quebec, The Canadian Mineralogist, 8, 241-248 [view file]

Clark J R, Appleman D E, Papike J J (1969) Crystal-chemical characterization of clinopyroxenes based on eight new structure refinements, Mineralogical Society of America Special Paper, 2, 31-50 [view file]

Nolan J (1969) Physical properties of synthetic and natural pyroxenes in the system diopside-hedenbergite-acmite, Mineralogical Magazine, 37, 216-229 [view file]

Rutstein M S, Yund R A (1969) Unit-cell parameters of synthetic diopside-hedenbergite solid solutions, American Mineralogist, 54, 238-245 [view file]

Sood M K, Platt R G, Edgar A D (1970) Phase relations in portions of the system diopside-nepheline-kalsilite-silica and their importance in the genesis of alkaline rocks, The Canadian Mineralogist, 10, 380-394 [view file]

Cameron M, Sueno S, Prewitt C T, Papike J J (1973) High-temperature crystal chemistry of acmite, diopside, hedenbergite, jadeite, spodumene, and ureyite, American Mineralogist, 58, 594-618 [view file]

Turnock A C, Lindsley D H, Grover J E (1973) Synthesis and unit cell parameters of Ca-Mg-Fe pyroxenes, American Mineralogist, 58, 50-59 [view file]

Veblen D R, Buseck P R, Burnham C W (1977) Asbestiform chain silicates: New minerals and structural groups, Science, 198, 359-365 [view file]

Cameron M, Papike J J (1981) Structural and chemical variations in pyroxenes, American Mineralogist, 66, 1-50 [view file]

LeAnderson P J (1981) Calculation of temperature and X(CO₂) values for tremolite—K–feldspar—diopside—epidote assemblages, The Canadian Mineralogist, 19, 619-630 [view file]

Levien L, Prewitt C T (1981) High-pressure structural study of diopside, American Mineralogist, 66, 315-323 [view file]

Morimoto N (1988) Nomenclature of pyroxenes, Mineralogical Magazine, 52, 535-550 [view file]

Wang X, Greenwood H J (1988) An experimental study of the equilibrium: grossular + clinochlore = 3 diopside + 2 spinel + 4 H₂O, The Canadian Mineralogist, 26, 269-281 [view file]

Cheng W, Greenwood H J (1989) The stability of the assemblage zoisite + diopside, The Canadian Mineralogist, 27, 657-662 [view file]

Dickinson J E, Scarfe C M (1990) Raman spectroscopic study of glasses on the join diopside-albite, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 54, 1037-1043 [link]

Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C, Turnock A C, (1990) Crystal chemistry of synthetic pyroxenes on the join CaNiSi₂O₆-CaMgSi₂O₆ (diopside): A Rietveld structure refinement study, American Mineralogist, 75, 1274-1281 [view file]

Raudsepp M, Hawthorne F C, Turnock A C (1990) Evaluation of the Rietveld method for the characterization of fine-grained products of mineral synthesis: the diopside-hedenbergite join, The Canadian Mineralogist, 28, 93-109 [view file]

Lüttge A, Metz P (1991) Mechanism and kinetics of the reaction 1 dolomite + 2 quartz = 1 diopside + 2 CO₂ investigated by powder experiments, The Canadian Mineralogist, 29, 803-821 [view file]

Swamy V, Dubrovinsky L, Matsui M (1997) High-temperature Raman spectroscopy and quasi-harmonic lattice dynamic simulation of diopside, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 24, 440-446 [link]

Richet P, Mysen B, Ingrin J (1998) High-temperature X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy of diopside and pseudowollastonite, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 25, 401-414 [link]

Herd C D K, Peterson R C, Rossman G R (2000) Violet-colored diopside from southern Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada, The Canadian Mineralogist, 38, 1193-1199 [view file]

Huang E, Chen C H, Huang T, Lin E H, Xu J (2000) Raman spectroscopic characteristics of Mg-Fe-Ca pyroxenes, American Mineralogist, 85, 473-479 [view file]

Prencipe M, Tribaudino M, Pavese A, Hoser A, Reehuis M (2000) A single-crystal neutron-diffraction investigation of diopside at 10 K, The Canadian Mineralogist, 38, 183-189 [view file]

Wang A, Jolliff B L, Haskin L A, Kuebler K E, Viskupic K M (2001) Characterization and comparison of structural and compositional features of planetary quadrilateral pyroxenes by Raman spectroscopy, American Mineralogist, 86, 790-806 [view file]

Weng Y H, Presnall D C (2001) The system diopside - forsterite - enstatite at 5.1 GPa: a ternary model for melting of the mantle, The Canadian Mineralogist, 39, 299-308 [view file]

Chopelas A, Serghiou G (2002) Spectroscopic evidence for pressure-induced phase transitions in diopside, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 29, 403-408 [link]

Nimis P (2002) The pressures and temperatures of formation of diamond based on thermobarometry of chromian diopside inclusions, The Canadian Mineralogist, 40, 871-884 [view file]

Shannon R D, Shannon R C, Medenbach O, Fischer R X (2002) Refractive index and dispersion of fluorides and oxides, Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, 31, 931-970 [view file]

Tribaudino M, Nestola F (2002) Average and local structure in P2₁/c clinopyroxenes along the join diopside-enstatite (CaMgSi₂O₆-Mg₂Si₂O₆), European Journal of Mineralogy, 14, 549-555

Akaogi M, Yano M, Tejima Y, Iijima M, Kojitani H (2004) High-pressure transition of diopside and wollastonite: phase equilibria and thermochemistry of CaMgSi2O6, CaSiO3 and CaSi2O5--CaTiSiO5 system, Physics of The Earth and Planetary Interiors, 143, 145-156

Hamilton V E, McSween H Y, Hapke B (2005) Mineralogy of Martian atmospheric dust inferred from thermal infrared spectra of aerosols, Journal of Geophysical Research, 110, E12006 [link]

Thompson R M, Downs R T (2008) The crystal structure of diopside at pressure to 10 GPa, American Mineralogist, 93, 177-186 [view file]

Boffa Ballaran T, Nestola F, Tribaudino M, Ohashi H (2009) Bulk modulus variations along the diopside-kosmochlor solid solution, European Journal of Mineralogy, 21, 591-597

Buzatu A, Buzgar N (2010) The Raman study of single-chain silicates, Analele Stiintifice Ale Universitatii, Al. I. Cuza Iasi Geologie, 56, 107-125 [view file]

Plonka A M, Dera P, Irmen P, Rivers M L, Ehm L, Parise J B (2012) β-diopside, a new ultrahigh-pressure polymorph of CaMgSi₂O₆ with six-coordinated silicon, Geophysical Research Letters, 39, L24307, 1-4

Tribaudino M, Mantovani L, Bersani D, Lottici P P (2012) Raman spectroscopy of (Ca,Mg)MgSi₂O₆ clinopyroxenes, American Mineralogist, 97, 1339-1347 [view file]

Mantovani L, Tribaudino M, Mezzadri F, Calestani G, Bromiley G (2013) The structure of (Ca,Co)CoSi₂O₆ pyroxenes and the Ca-M²⁺ substitution in (Ca,M²⁺)M²⁺Si₂O₆ pyroxenes (M²⁺ = Co, Fe, Mg), American Mineralogist, 98, 1241-1252

Mantovani L, Tribaudino M, Bertoni G, Salvianti G, Bromiley G (2014) Solid solutions and phase transitions in (Ca,M²⁺)M²⁺Si₂O₆ pyroxenes (M²⁺ = Co, Fe, Mg), American Mineralogist, 99, 704-711

Yang Y, Xia Q, Zhang P (2015) Evolution of OH groups in diopside and feldspars with temperature, European Journal of Mineralogy, 27, 185-192

Nespolo M, Aroyo M I (2016) The modular structure of pyroxenes, European Journal of Mineralogy, 28, 189-203

Thompson R M, Yang H, Downs R T (2016) Ideal wollastonite and the structural relationship between the pyroxenoids and pyroxenes, American Mineralogist, 101, 2544-2553

Akasaka M, Takasu Y, Handa M, Nagashima M, Hamada M, Ejima T (2019) Distribution of Cr³⁺ between octahedral and tetrahedral sites in synthetic blue and green (CaMgSi₂O₆)₉₅(CaCrAlSiO₆)₅ diopsides, Mineralogical Magazine, 83, 497-505

Gao W, Ciobanu C L, Cook N J, Slattery A, Huang F, Wang D (2019) Nanoscale study of lamellar exsolutions in clinopyroxene from olivine gabbro: Recording crystallization sequences in iron-rich layered intrusions, American Mineralogist, 104, 244-261

Hao M, Pierotti C E, Tkachev S, Prakapenka V, Zhang J S (2019) The single-crystal elastic properties of the jadeite-diopside solid solution and their implications for the composition-dependent seismic properties of eclogite, American Mineralogist, 104, 1016-1021

Balan E, Paulatto L, Liu J, Ingrin J (2020) Low-temperature infrared spectrum and atomic-scale structure of hydrous defects in diopside, European Journal of Mineralogy, 32, 505-520 [view file]

Fan D, Fu S, Lu C, Xu J, Zhang Y, Tkachev S N, Prakapenka V B, Lin J F (2020) Elasticity of single-crystal Fe-enriched diopside at high-pressure conditions: Implications for the origin of upper mantle low-velocity zones, American Mineralogist, 105, 363-374