(oh,f,cl)-dominant amphiboles R150094 - RRUFF Database: Raman, X-ray, Infrared, and Chemistry

Tremolite R150094

Name: Tremolite
RRUFF ID: R150094
Ideal Chemistry: ◻Ca₂(Mg_5.0-4.5Fe²⁺_0.0-0.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Locality: Belmat, St. Lawrence Co., New York, USA
Source: UAMM 9512 [view label]
Owner: RRUFF
Description: Aggregate of pinkish prismatic crystals with good cleavage
Status: The identification of this mineral has been confirmed only by X-ray diffraction

Mineral Group: [ amphibole (107) ]

Quick search: [ All Tremolite samples (17) ]

RAMAN SPECTRUM

RRUFF ID:

Sample Description:

Unoriented Raman on the primary sample

DOWNLOADS:

To download sample data,
please select a specific
orientation angle.

BROAD SCAN WITH SPECTRAL ARTIFACTS

RRUFF ID:

R150094

Wavelength:

Sample Description:

Unoriented Raman on the primary sample

Instrument settings:

Thermo Almega XR 532nm @ 1% of 150mW

DOWNLOADS:

	Raman Data (RAW)
	RRUFF File

POWDER DIFFRACTION

RRUFF ID:

R150094.1

Sample Description:

Powder

Cell Refinement Output:

a: 9.8170(4)Å b: 18.032(2)Å c: 5.2759(4)Å
alpha: 90° beta: 104.605(5)° gamma: 90° Volume: 903.77(8)Å³ Crystal System: monoclinic

File Type Information

Calculated diffraction file.

File Type Information

Output file from the Bruker D8 Advance instrument. Includes device headers and XY data.

DOWNLOADS:

	Cell Refinement Data
	Cell Refinement Output Data
	DIF File
	X-ray Data (XY - RAW)
	RRUFF File

REFERENCES for Tremolite
American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Record: [view record]
Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]
Höpfner J G A (1789) Ueber die Klassifikation der Fossilien in einem Schreiben des Herausgebers an Herrn Dr. Karsten in Halle, Magazin für die Naturkunde Helvetiens, 4, 255-332 [view file]
Delamétherie J C (1792) Observations et mémoires sur la physique, sur l’histoire naturelle, et sur les arts et métiers. Discours préliminaire, Observations sur la Physique, sur l’Histoire Naturelle et sur les Arts, 40, 2-40 [view file]
Winchell A N (1931) Further studies in the amphibole group, American Mineralogist, 16, 250-266 [view file]
Ishikawa T, Drinker P (1933) Effects of certain silicate dusts on the lungs, The Journal of Industrial Hygiene, 15, 66-78 [view file]
Zussman J (1959) A re-examination of the structure of tremolite, Acta Crystallographica, 12, 309-312
Klein C (1966) Mineralogy and petrology of the metamorphosed Wabush Iron Formation, Southwestern Labrador, Journal of Petrology, 7, 246-305
Hawthorne F C, Grundy H D (1976) The crystal chemistry of the amphiboles: IV. X-ray and neutron refinements of the crystal structure of tremolite, The Canadian Mineralogist, 14, 334-345 [view file]
Veblen D R, Buseck P R, Burnham C W (1977) Asbestiform chain silicates: New minerals and structural groups, Science, 198, 359-365 [view file]
Blaha J J, Rosasco G J (1978) Raman microprobe spectra of individual microcrystals and fibers of talc, tremolite, and related silicate minerals, Analytical Chemistry, 50, 892-896 [link]
Leake B E (1978) Nomenclature of amphiboles, American Mineralogist, 63, 1023-1052 [view file]
Dungan M A (1979) Bastite pseudomorphs after orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and tremolite, The Canadian Mineralogist, 17, 729-740 [view file]
Hutchison J L, Whittaker E J W (1979) The nature of electron diffraction patterns of amphibole asbestos and their use in identification, Environmental Research, 20, 445-449 [view file]
LeAnderson P J (1981) Calculation of temperature and X(CO₂) values for tremolite—K–feldspar—diopside—epidote assemblages, The Canadian Mineralogist, 19, 619-630 [view file]
Steel E, Wylie A (1981) Mineralogical characteristics of asbestos, 1, in Geology of Asbestos Deposits Edwards Brothers, Inc. Ann Arbor, MI. 93-99
Goldman D S, Rossman G R (1982) The identification of Fe²⁺ in the M4 site of calcic amphiboles: reply, American Mineralogist, 67, 340-342 [view file]
Dorling M, Zussman J (1985) An investigation of nephrite jade by electron microscopy, Mineralogical Magazine, 49, 31-36 [view file]
Dorling M, Zussman J (1987) Characteristics of asbestiform and non-asbestiform calcic amphiboles, Lithos, 20, 469-489
Zussman J (1987) Minerals and the electron microscope, Mineralogical Magazine, 51, 129-138 [view file]
Blount A M (1990) Detection and quantification of asbestos and other trace minerals in powdered industrial-mineral samples, in Process Mineralogy IX The Mineral, Metals & Materials Society, edited by W Petruk, R D Hagni, S Pignolet-Brandom, D M Hausen 557-570 [view file]
Comodi P, Mellini M, Ungaretti L, Zanazzi P F (1991) Compressibility and high pressure structure refinement of tremolite, pargasite and glaucophane, European Journal of Mineralogy, 3, 485-499
Bard D, Yarwood J, Tylee B (1997) Asbestos fibre identification by Raman microspectroscopy, Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 28, 803-809 [link]
Hawthorne F C, Della Ventura G, Robert J L, Welch M D, Raudsepp M, Jenkins D M (1997) A Rietveld and infrared study of synthetic amphiboles along the potassium-richterite-tremolite join, American Mineralogist, 82, 708-716 [view file]
Leake B E, Woolley A R, Arps C E S, Birch W D, Gilbert M C, Grice J D, Hawthorne F C, Kato A, Kisch H J, Krivovichev V G, Linthout K, Laird J, Mandarino J A, Maresch W V, Nickel E H, Rock N M S, Schumacher J C, Smith D C, Stephenson N C N, Ungaretti L, Whittaker E J W, Youzhi G (1997) Nomenclature of amphiboles: report of the Subcommittee on Amphiboles of the International Mineralogical Association, Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names, The Canadian Mineralogist, 35, 219-246 [view file]
Evans B W, Yang H (1998) Fe-Mg order-disorder in tremolite-actinolite-ferro-actinolte at ambient and high temperature, American Mineralogist, 83, 458-475 [view file]
Robert J L, Della Ventura G, Hawthorne F C (1999) Near-infrared study of short-range disorder of OH and F in monoclinic amphiboles, American Mineralogist, 84, 86-91 [view file]
Hawthorne F C, Welch M D, della Ventura G, Liu S, Robert J L, Jenkins D M (2000) Short-range order in synthetic aluminous tremolites: An infrared and triple-quantum MAS NMR study, American Mineralogist, 85, 1716-1724 [view file]
Verkouteren J R, Wylie A G (2000) The tremolite-actinolite-ferro–actinolite series: systematic relationships among cell parameters, composition, optical properties, and habit, and evidence of discontinuities, American Mineralogist, 85, 1239-1254 [view file]
Huang E P (2002) Raman spectroscopic study of amphiboles, Doctoral Dissertation, 1, 1-138 [view file]
Su S C (2003) A rapid and accurate procedure for the determination of refractive indices of regulated asbestos minerals, American Mineralogist, 88, 1979-1982 [view file]
Rinaudo C, Belluso E, Gastaldi D (2004) Assessment of the use of Raman spectroscopy for the determination of amphibole asbestos, Mineralogical Magazine, 68, 455-465 [view file]
Millette J R, Bandli B R (2005) Asbestos identification using available standard methods, The Microscope, 53, 179-185
Petry R, Mastalerz R, Zahn S, Mayerhöfer T G, Völksch G, Viereck-Götte L, Kreher-Hartmann B, Holz L, Lankers M, Popp J (2006) Asbestos mineral analysis by UV Raman and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, ChemPhysChem, 7, 414-420 [view file]
Roth P (2006) The early history of tremolite, Axis, 2, issue 3 1-10 [view file]
Roth P (2007) Tremolite, in Minerals first discovered in Switzerland and minerals named after Swiss individuals Kristallografik Verlag Achberg Germany 150-151
Antao S M, Hassan I, Wang J, Lee P L, Toby B H (2008) State-of-the-art high-resolution powder x-ray diffraction (HRPXRD) illustrated with Rietveld structure refinement of quartz, sodalite, tremolite, and meionite, The Canadian Mineralogist, 46, 1501-1509 [view file]
Ballirano P, Andreozzi G B, Belardi G (2008) Crystal chemical and structural characterization of fibrous tremolite from Susa Valley, Italy, with comments on potential harmful effects on human health, American Mineralogist, 93, 1349-1355 [view file]
Harper M, Lee E G, Doorn S S, Hammond O (2008) Differentiating non-asbestiform amphibole and amphibole asbestos by size characteristics, Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 5, 761-770 [view file]
Su S C (2008) in How to use the d-spacing/interfacial angle tables to index zone-axis patterns of amphibole asbestos minerals obtained by selected area electron diffraction in transmission electron microscope Asbestos Analysis Consulting Newark, Delaware 1-160 [view file]
Apopei A I, Buzgar N (2010) The Raman study of amphiboles, Analele Stiintifice Ale Universitatii, Al. I. Cuza Iasi Geologie, 56, 57-83 [view file]
Gunter M E (2010) Defining asbestos: differences between the built and natural environments, Chimia, 64, 747-752
Jenkins D M, Ventura G D, Orberti R, Bozhilov K (2013) Synthesis and characterization of amphiboles along the tremolite-glaucophane join, American Mineralogist, 98, 588-600
McNamee B D, Gunter M E (2013) Compositional analysis and morphological relationships of amphiboles, talc and other minerals found in the talc deposits from the Gouverneur mining district, New York (Part 1 of 2), The Microscope, 61, 147-161
McNamee B D, Gunter M E (2014) Compositional analysis and morphological relationships of amphiboles, talc and other minerals found in the talc deposits from the Gouverneur mining district, New York (Part 2 of 2), The Microscope, 62, 3-13
Harper M, Gosen B V, Crankshaw O S, Doorn S S, Ennis T J, Harrison S E (2015) Characterization of Lone Pine, California, tremolite asbestos and preparation of research material, The Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 59, 91-103
Brown J M, Abramson E H (2016) Elasticity of calcium and calcium-sodium amphiboles, Physics of The Earth and Planetary Interiors, 261, 161-171
Thompson E C, Campbell A J, Liu Z (2016) In-situ infrared spectroscopic studies of hydroxyl in amphiboles at high pressure, American Mineralogist, 101, 706-712
Oberti R, Cámara F, Bellatreccia F, Radica F, Gianfagna A, Boiocchi M (2018) Fluoro-tremolite from the Limecrest-Southdown quarry, Sparta, New Jersey, USA: crystal chemistry of a newly approved end-member of the amphibole supergroup, Mineralogical Magazine, 82, 145-157 [view file]
Sbroscia M, Della Ventura G, Iezzi G, Sodo A (2018) Quantifying the A-site occupancy in amphiboles: a Raman study in the OH-stretching region, European Journal of Mineralogy, 30, 429-436
Ballirano P, Pacella A (2020) Towards a detailed comprehension of the inertisation processes of amphibole asbestos: in situ high-temperature behaviour of fibrous tremolite, Mineralogical Magazine, 84, 888-899
Tribaudino M, Hovis G L, Almer C, Leaman A (2022) Thermal expansion of minerals in the amphibole supergroup, American Mineralogist, 107, 1302-1312
Ott J N, Kalkan B, Kunz M, Berlanga G, Yuvali A F, Williams Q (2023) Structural behavior of C2/m tremolite to 40 GPa: A high-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction study, American Mineralogist, 108, 903-914
Su S C in A preliminary characterization of “Libby-type amphiboles” by SAED (Selected Area Electron Diffraction) Batta Labratories, Inc. Newark, Delaware 1-7 [view file]

REFERENCES for Tremolite

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Record: [view record]

Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]

Höpfner J G A (1789) Ueber die Klassifikation der Fossilien in einem Schreiben des Herausgebers an Herrn Dr. Karsten in Halle, Magazin für die Naturkunde Helvetiens, 4, 255-332 [view file]

Delamétherie J C (1792) Observations et mémoires sur la physique, sur l’histoire naturelle, et sur les arts et métiers. Discours préliminaire, Observations sur la Physique, sur l’Histoire Naturelle et sur les Arts, 40, 2-40 [view file]

Winchell A N (1931) Further studies in the amphibole group, American Mineralogist, 16, 250-266 [view file]

Ishikawa T, Drinker P (1933) Effects of certain silicate dusts on the lungs, The Journal of Industrial Hygiene, 15, 66-78 [view file]

Zussman J (1959) A re-examination of the structure of tremolite, Acta Crystallographica, 12, 309-312

Klein C (1966) Mineralogy and petrology of the metamorphosed Wabush Iron Formation, Southwestern Labrador, Journal of Petrology, 7, 246-305

Hawthorne F C, Grundy H D (1976) The crystal chemistry of the amphiboles: IV. X-ray and neutron refinements of the crystal structure of tremolite, The Canadian Mineralogist, 14, 334-345 [view file]

Veblen D R, Buseck P R, Burnham C W (1977) Asbestiform chain silicates: New minerals and structural groups, Science, 198, 359-365 [view file]

Blaha J J, Rosasco G J (1978) Raman microprobe spectra of individual microcrystals and fibers of talc, tremolite, and related silicate minerals, Analytical Chemistry, 50, 892-896 [link]

Leake B E (1978) Nomenclature of amphiboles, American Mineralogist, 63, 1023-1052 [view file]

Dungan M A (1979) Bastite pseudomorphs after orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and tremolite, The Canadian Mineralogist, 17, 729-740 [view file]

Hutchison J L, Whittaker E J W (1979) The nature of electron diffraction patterns of amphibole asbestos and their use in identification, Environmental Research, 20, 445-449 [view file]

LeAnderson P J (1981) Calculation of temperature and X(CO₂) values for tremolite—K–feldspar—diopside—epidote assemblages, The Canadian Mineralogist, 19, 619-630 [view file]

Steel E, Wylie A (1981) Mineralogical characteristics of asbestos, 1, in Geology of Asbestos Deposits Edwards Brothers, Inc. Ann Arbor, MI. 93-99

Goldman D S, Rossman G R (1982) The identification of Fe²⁺ in the M4 site of calcic amphiboles: reply, American Mineralogist, 67, 340-342 [view file]

Dorling M, Zussman J (1985) An investigation of nephrite jade by electron microscopy, Mineralogical Magazine, 49, 31-36 [view file]

Dorling M, Zussman J (1987) Characteristics of asbestiform and non-asbestiform calcic amphiboles, Lithos, 20, 469-489

Zussman J (1987) Minerals and the electron microscope, Mineralogical Magazine, 51, 129-138 [view file]

Blount A M (1990) Detection and quantification of asbestos and other trace minerals in powdered industrial-mineral samples, in Process Mineralogy IX The Mineral, Metals & Materials Society, edited by W Petruk, R D Hagni, S Pignolet-Brandom, D M Hausen 557-570 [view file]

Comodi P, Mellini M, Ungaretti L, Zanazzi P F (1991) Compressibility and high pressure structure refinement of tremolite, pargasite and glaucophane, European Journal of Mineralogy, 3, 485-499

Bard D, Yarwood J, Tylee B (1997) Asbestos fibre identification by Raman microspectroscopy, Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 28, 803-809 [link]

Hawthorne F C, Della Ventura G, Robert J L, Welch M D, Raudsepp M, Jenkins D M (1997) A Rietveld and infrared study of synthetic amphiboles along the potassium-richterite-tremolite join, American Mineralogist, 82, 708-716 [view file]

Leake B E, Woolley A R, Arps C E S, Birch W D, Gilbert M C, Grice J D, Hawthorne F C, Kato A, Kisch H J, Krivovichev V G, Linthout K, Laird J, Mandarino J A, Maresch W V, Nickel E H, Rock N M S, Schumacher J C, Smith D C, Stephenson N C N, Ungaretti L, Whittaker E J W, Youzhi G (1997) Nomenclature of amphiboles: report of the Subcommittee on Amphiboles of the International Mineralogical Association, Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names, The Canadian Mineralogist, 35, 219-246 [view file]

Evans B W, Yang H (1998) Fe-Mg order-disorder in tremolite-actinolite-ferro-actinolte at ambient and high temperature, American Mineralogist, 83, 458-475 [view file]

Robert J L, Della Ventura G, Hawthorne F C (1999) Near-infrared study of short-range disorder of OH and F in monoclinic amphiboles, American Mineralogist, 84, 86-91 [view file]

Hawthorne F C, Welch M D, della Ventura G, Liu S, Robert J L, Jenkins D M (2000) Short-range order in synthetic aluminous tremolites: An infrared and triple-quantum MAS NMR study, American Mineralogist, 85, 1716-1724 [view file]

Verkouteren J R, Wylie A G (2000) The tremolite-actinolite-ferro–actinolite series: systematic relationships among cell parameters, composition, optical properties, and habit, and evidence of discontinuities, American Mineralogist, 85, 1239-1254 [view file]

Huang E P (2002) Raman spectroscopic study of amphiboles, Doctoral Dissertation, 1, 1-138 [view file]

Su S C (2003) A rapid and accurate procedure for the determination of refractive indices of regulated asbestos minerals, American Mineralogist, 88, 1979-1982 [view file]

Rinaudo C, Belluso E, Gastaldi D (2004) Assessment of the use of Raman spectroscopy for the determination of amphibole asbestos, Mineralogical Magazine, 68, 455-465 [view file]

Millette J R, Bandli B R (2005) Asbestos identification using available standard methods, The Microscope, 53, 179-185

Petry R, Mastalerz R, Zahn S, Mayerhöfer T G, Völksch G, Viereck-Götte L, Kreher-Hartmann B, Holz L, Lankers M, Popp J (2006) Asbestos mineral analysis by UV Raman and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, ChemPhysChem, 7, 414-420 [view file]

Roth P (2006) The early history of tremolite, Axis, 2, issue 3 1-10 [view file]

Roth P (2007) Tremolite, in Minerals first discovered in Switzerland and minerals named after Swiss individuals Kristallografik Verlag Achberg Germany 150-151

Antao S M, Hassan I, Wang J, Lee P L, Toby B H (2008) State-of-the-art high-resolution powder x-ray diffraction (HRPXRD) illustrated with Rietveld structure refinement of quartz, sodalite, tremolite, and meionite, The Canadian Mineralogist, 46, 1501-1509 [view file]

Ballirano P, Andreozzi G B, Belardi G (2008) Crystal chemical and structural characterization of fibrous tremolite from Susa Valley, Italy, with comments on potential harmful effects on human health, American Mineralogist, 93, 1349-1355 [view file]

Harper M, Lee E G, Doorn S S, Hammond O (2008) Differentiating non-asbestiform amphibole and amphibole asbestos by size characteristics, Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 5, 761-770 [view file]

Su S C (2008) in How to use the d-spacing/interfacial angle tables to index zone-axis patterns of amphibole asbestos minerals obtained by selected area electron diffraction in transmission electron microscope Asbestos Analysis Consulting Newark, Delaware 1-160 [view file]

Apopei A I, Buzgar N (2010) The Raman study of amphiboles, Analele Stiintifice Ale Universitatii, Al. I. Cuza Iasi Geologie, 56, 57-83 [view file]

Gunter M E (2010) Defining asbestos: differences between the built and natural environments, Chimia, 64, 747-752

Jenkins D M, Ventura G D, Orberti R, Bozhilov K (2013) Synthesis and characterization of amphiboles along the tremolite-glaucophane join, American Mineralogist, 98, 588-600

McNamee B D, Gunter M E (2013) Compositional analysis and morphological relationships of amphiboles, talc and other minerals found in the talc deposits from the Gouverneur mining district, New York (Part 1 of 2), The Microscope, 61, 147-161

McNamee B D, Gunter M E (2014) Compositional analysis and morphological relationships of amphiboles, talc and other minerals found in the talc deposits from the Gouverneur mining district, New York (Part 2 of 2), The Microscope, 62, 3-13

Harper M, Gosen B V, Crankshaw O S, Doorn S S, Ennis T J, Harrison S E (2015) Characterization of Lone Pine, California, tremolite asbestos and preparation of research material, The Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 59, 91-103

Brown J M, Abramson E H (2016) Elasticity of calcium and calcium-sodium amphiboles, Physics of The Earth and Planetary Interiors, 261, 161-171

Thompson E C, Campbell A J, Liu Z (2016) In-situ infrared spectroscopic studies of hydroxyl in amphiboles at high pressure, American Mineralogist, 101, 706-712

Oberti R, Cámara F, Bellatreccia F, Radica F, Gianfagna A, Boiocchi M (2018) Fluoro-tremolite from the Limecrest-Southdown quarry, Sparta, New Jersey, USA: crystal chemistry of a newly approved end-member of the amphibole supergroup, Mineralogical Magazine, 82, 145-157 [view file]

Sbroscia M, Della Ventura G, Iezzi G, Sodo A (2018) Quantifying the A-site occupancy in amphiboles: a Raman study in the OH-stretching region, European Journal of Mineralogy, 30, 429-436

Ballirano P, Pacella A (2020) Towards a detailed comprehension of the inertisation processes of amphibole asbestos: in situ high-temperature behaviour of fibrous tremolite, Mineralogical Magazine, 84, 888-899

Tribaudino M, Hovis G L, Almer C, Leaman A (2022) Thermal expansion of minerals in the amphibole supergroup, American Mineralogist, 107, 1302-1312

Ott J N, Kalkan B, Kunz M, Berlanga G, Yuvali A F, Williams Q (2023) Structural behavior of C2/m tremolite to 40 GPa: A high-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction study, American Mineralogist, 108, 903-914

Su S C in A preliminary characterization of “Libby-type amphiboles” by SAED (Selected Area Electron Diffraction) Batta Labratories, Inc. Newark, Delaware 1-7 [view file]