Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
South Crofty Tin Project (South Crofty Mine; South Wheal Crofty), Pool, Carn Brea, Cornwall, England, UK

Oldest recorded age at locality: 1171
Youngest recorded age at locality: 0

mindat Locality ID: 1004
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-1004.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "South Crofty Tin Project (South Crofty Mine; South Wheal Crofty), Pool, Carn Brea, Cornwall, England, UK": 0
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 0

Latitude: 50°13'22"N
Longitude: 5°16'28"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 50.222777777778,-5.2744444444444
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al As Be Bi C Ca Ce Cu F Fe H K Mg Na O P Pb S Si Sn Ti U W Zn 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al As Be Bi C Ca Ce Cu F Fe H K Mg Na O P Pb S Si Sn Ti U W Zn 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
ArsenicArsenopyriteBerylBismutiteCalciteChalcopyriteChloriteClayCorundumEnargite
FeldsparFluoriteGypsumKaoliniteMarcasiteMelanteriteMicaMonaziteNoneNot in a structural group
PhenakitePyriteQuartzRocksaltRutileScheeliteSphaleriteStanniteStibniteTalc
WurtziteZircon

37 IMA Minerals at location:
Albite  (*)Anatase  (*)Arsenopyrite  (*)Bertrandite  (*)Beryl  (*)
Bismuth  (*)Bismuthinite  (*)Bismutite  (*)Calcite  (*)Cassiterite  (*)
Chalcocite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)Chamosite  (*)Coffinite  (*)Cuprite  (*)
Dolomite  (*)Enargite  (*)Fluorite  (*)Galena  (*)Gypsum  (*)
Hematite  (*)Kaolinite  (*)Marcasite  (*)Melanterite  (*)Monazite-(Ce)  (*)
Muscovite  (*)Orthoclase  (*)Phenakite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Quartz  (*)
Scheelite  (*)Scorodite  (*)Siderite  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Stannite  (*)
Talc  (*)Uraninite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)1171008803
Anatase  (*)Not in a structural groupTiO21171002162
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS1171009052
Bertrandite  (*)Not in a structural groupBe4Si2O7(OH)2117100606
Beryl  (*)BerylBe3Al2Si6O181171004286
Bismuth  (*)ArsenicBi1171001966
Bismuthinite  (*)StibniteBi2S31171001935
Bismutite  (*)BismutiteBi2O2(CO3)117100716
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)11710027770
Cassiterite  (*)RutileSnO21171005171
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S1171005707
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS211710027198
Chamosite  (*)Chlorite Clay(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8117100577
Coffinite  (*)ZirconU(SiO4)·nH2O117100566
Cuprite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2O1171002970
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)21171009895
Enargite  (*)Enargite WurtziteCu3AsS4117100910
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF226625209617
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS11710024243
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O1171006890
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O311710014640
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)41171005591
Marcasite  (*)MarcasiteFeS21171005674
Melanterite  (*)MelanteriteFe(SO4)·7H2O117100915
Monazite-(Ce)  (*)MonaziteCe(PO4)117100945
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)2288.1268.3017380
Orthoclase  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)1171002349
Phenakite  (*)PhenakiteBe2(SiO4)117100326
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS211710039462
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO211710061156
Scheelite  (*)ScheeliteCa(WO4)1171004894
Scorodite  (*)NoneFe3+(AsO4)·2H2O1171001153
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)1171006417
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS11710021482
Stannite  (*)Stannite SphaleriteCu2FeSnS4117100668
Talc  (*)Clay TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)21171003337
Uraninite  (*)FluoriteUO21171002718


Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:
Age IDLocality Notes
Lucy_119South Crofty Elvan is 3 km west of Redruth


17 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Lucy_056273265269 ± 4Rb-SrMain stage polymetallic mineralization, preferred age determined in studywhole rockE 35002, SC 1-6    1004South Crofty Tin Project (South Crofty Mine; South Wheal Crofty), Pool, Carn Brea, Cornwall, England, UKSouth Crofty MineDarbyshire et al. (1985)10.1144/gsjgs.142.6.1159JGSL142_1159 
Lucy_076266252259 ± 7Sm-Nd fluorite   Fluorite  1004South Crofty Tin Project (South Crofty Mine; South Wheal Crofty), Pool, Carn Brea, Cornwall, England, UKSouth Crofty MineLeBoutillier et al. (2003) GSWE10_403 
Lucy_119286262274 ± 12Rb/SrPrevious Rb/Sr determination      1004South Crofty Tin Project (South Crofty Mine; South Wheal Crofty), Pool, Carn Brea, Cornwall, England, UKSouth Crofty ElvanBray and Spooner (1983)10.1144/GSL.SP.1964.001.01.15EG78_1064 
Lucy_155286286Before 286 Development of of the major Sn(-Cu) odes bega before 286Ma.      1004South Crofty Tin Project (South Crofty Mine; South Wheal Crofty), Pool, Carn Brea, Cornwall, England, UKSouth Crofty MineChen et al (1993)10.1144/gsjgs.150.6.1183JGSL150_1183Hydrothermal muscovites show that development of the major Sn (-Cu) lodes of the South Crofty Mine commenced before 286 Ma, only 2 to 3 Ma after cooling of the hosting Carn Brea granite, a satellite of the Carmenellis pluton.
Lucy_158266252259 ± 7Sm-NdAssigned to the 'main stage' of cassiterite lode development but a later event.fluorite   Fluorite  1004South Crofty Tin Project (South Crofty Mine; South Wheal Crofty), Pool, Carn Brea, Cornwall, England, UKSouth CroftyChen et al (1993)10.1144/gsjgs.150.6.1183JGSL150_1183Protracted hiatus between the pluton emplacement and main-stage Sn(-Cu) lode mineralization has been proposed based on Sm-Nd isochron dating of fluorites from the South Crofty and Wheal Jane mines. These were assigned to the 'main stage' of cassiterite lode development by Chesney et al (1991a, b) but to a later event by Chesney et al. (1990).
Lucy_183285.8284.6285.2 ± 0.640Ar-39ArIntergrated age of Cornubian BatholithmuscoviteCORN-176  Muscovite  1004South Crofty Tin Project (South Crofty Mine; South Wheal Crofty), Pool, Carn Brea, Cornwall, England, UKSouth CroftyChen et al (1993)10.1144/gsjgs.150.6.1183JGSL150_1183Analytical data for hydrothermal micas
Lucy_184288.1285.9287.0 ± 1.140Ar-39ArIntergrated age of Cornubian BatholithmuscoviteCORN-56  Muscovite  1004South Crofty Tin Project (South Crofty Mine; South Wheal Crofty), Pool, Carn Brea, Cornwall, England, UKSouth CroftyChen et al (1993)10.1144/gsjgs.150.6.1183JGSL150_1183Analytical data for hydrothermal micas
Lucy_185286.2283.8285.0 ± 1.240Ar-39ArIntergrated age of Cornubian BatholithmuscoviteCORN-206B  Muscovite  1004South Crofty Tin Project (South Crofty Mine; South Wheal Crofty), Pool, Carn Brea, Cornwall, England, UKSouth CroftyChen et al (1993)10.1144/gsjgs.150.6.1183JGSL150_1183Analytical data for hydrothermal micas
Lucy_186270.1268.3269.2 ± 0.940Ar-39ArIntergrated age of Cornubian BatholithmuscoviteCORN-164  Muscovite  1004South Crofty Tin Project (South Crofty Mine; South Wheal Crofty), Pool, Carn Brea, Cornwall, England, UKSouth CroftyChen et al (1993)10.1144/gsjgs.150.6.1183JGSL150_1183Analytical data for hydrothermal micas
Lucy_190285.4283284.2 ± 1.2 Age interpreted as approaching the age of the lode formationmuscovite   Muscovite  1004South Crofty Tin Project (South Crofty Mine; South Wheal Crofty), Pool, Carn Brea, Cornwall, England, UKNo. 8 Lode, South CroftyChen et al (1993)10.1144/gsjgs.150.6.1183JGSL150_1183Muscovite from the envelope of the No.8 Lode also show slight argon loss and the plateau age (of 54.3% of the 39Ar released)
Lucy_231287267277 ± 10206 Pb/238UAge of Uranite      1004South Crofty Tin Project (South Crofty Mine; South Wheal Crofty), Pool, Carn Brea, Cornwall, England, UKSouth CroftyDarnley et al. (1965) MM34_159 
Lucy_2426790309 ± 370207Pb/206PbIsotopic Age of Uranite NCL1013    1004South Crofty Tin Project (South Crofty Mine; South Wheal Crofty), Pool, Carn Brea, Cornwall, England, UKSouth CroftyDarnley et al. (1965) MM34_159(Ages taken from table with unclear titles) Chemical analysis of Pb. Analysis of 204Pb.
Lucy_243287267277 ± 10206Pb/238UIsotopic Age of Uranite NCL1013    1004South Crofty Tin Project (South Crofty Mine; South Wheal Crofty), Pool, Carn Brea, Cornwall, England, UKSouth CroftyDarnley et al. (1965) MM34_159(Ages taken from table with unclear titles) Chemical analysis of U. Analysis of 206Pb.
Lucy_244330230280 ± 50207Pb/235UIsotopic Age of Uranite NCL1013    1004South Crofty Tin Project (South Crofty Mine; South Wheal Crofty), Pool, Carn Brea, Cornwall, England, UKSouth CroftyDarnley et al. (1965) MM34_159(Ages taken from table with unclear titles) Chemical analysis of U. Analysis of 207Pb.
Lucy_24511710321 ± 850207Pb/235UIsotopic Age of Uranite NCL1013    1004South Crofty Tin Project (South Crofty Mine; South Wheal Crofty), Pool, Carn Brea, Cornwall, England, UKSouth CroftyDarnley et al. (1965) MM34_159(Ages taken from table with unclear titles) Chemical analysis of Th. Analysis of 208Pb.
Lucy_259287267277 ± 10206Pb/238UUsing Pockleys Interpretations, it is acceptable to say that South Terras, Geevor, and Wheal Owles are not reliable indications of Tertiary mineralization.      1004South Crofty Tin Project (South Crofty Mine; South Wheal Crofty), Pool, Carn Brea, Cornwall, England, UKSouth CroftyDarnley et al. (1965) MM34_159 
Lucy_26611270277 Age cannot be taken to represent primary mineralisation.      1004South Crofty Tin Project (South Crofty Mine; South Wheal Crofty), Pool, Carn Brea, Cornwall, England, UKSouth CroftyDarnley et al. (1965) MM34_159Because of the results obtained from Geevor, it seems probable that there were also several ages of uraninite formation at South Crofty, in which case the 277 My. result cannot be accepted as providing certain evidence of primary mineralization at this time.

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