Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

Locality Name:
Friedensville Mine, Friedensville, Saucon Valley, Upper Saucon Township, Lehigh Co., Pennsylvania, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 485
Youngest recorded age at locality: 470

mindat Locality ID: 4091
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-4091.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Friedensville Mine, Friedensville, Saucon Valley, Upper Saucon Township, Lehigh Co., Pennsylvania, USA": 0
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 0

Latitude: 40°32'59"N
Longitude: 75°23'59"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 40.549722222222,-75.399722222222

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Aragonite	Calcite	Clay	Epsomite	None	Not in a structural group	Pyrite	Quartz	Rutile	Smectite-vermiculite
Sphalerite	Spinel	Wurtzite

Aragonite ()*	Calcite ()*	Dolomite ()*	Goslarite ()*	Greenockite ()*
Hemimorphite ()*	Hydrozincite ()*	Pyrite ()*	Pyrolusite ()*	Quartz ()*
Sauconite ()*	Smithsonite ()*	Sphalerite ()*	Spinel ()*

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al C Ca Cd Fe H Mg Mn Na O S Si Zn

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al C Ca Cd Fe H Mg Mn Na O S Si Zn

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Aragonite Calcite Clay Epsomite None Not in a structural group Pyrite Quartz Rutile Smectite-vermiculite
Sphalerite Spinel Wurtzite

14 IMA Minerals at location:

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of localities containing mineral
Aragonite ()*	Aragonite	Ca(CO₃)	485	470	3250
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)	485	470	27770
Dolomite ()*	None	CaMg(CO₃)₂	485	470	9895
Goslarite ()*	Epsomite	Zn(SO₄)·7H₂O	485	470	188
Greenockite ()*	Wurtzite	CdS	485	470	717
Hemimorphite ()*	Not in a structural group	Zn₄(Si₂O₇)(OH)₂·H₂O	485	470	1689
Hydrozincite ()*	None	Zn₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆	485	470	1066
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	485	470	39462
Pyrolusite ()*	Rutile	MnO₂	485	470	3106
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	485	470	61156
Sauconite ()*	Clay Smectite-vermiculite	Na_0.3Zn₃(Si,Al)₄O₁₀(OH)₂·4H₂O	485	470	56
Smithsonite ()*	Calcite	Zn(CO₃)	485	470	2473
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS	485	470	21482
Spinel ()*	Spinel	MgAl₂O₄	485	470	1934

1 Ages assigned to this locality:

	Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Prioritized?	Sample Source	Sample Num	Run Num	Age from other Locality	Dated Mineral	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
	sedexmvt-00224	485	470	Early Ordovician		host rock age									4091	Friedensville Mine, Friedensville, Saucon Valley, Upper Saucon Township, Lehigh Co., Pennsylvania, USA	Friedensville	Taylor et al. (2009)		USGSOFR2009_1297

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...