Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Friedensville Mine, Friedensville, Saucon Valley, Upper Saucon Township, Lehigh Co., Pennsylvania, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 485
Youngest recorded age at locality: 470

mindat Locality ID: 4091
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-4091.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Friedensville Mine, Friedensville, Saucon Valley, Upper Saucon Township, Lehigh Co., Pennsylvania, USA": 0
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 0

Latitude: 40°32'59"N
Longitude: 75°23'59"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 40.549722222222,-75.399722222222

AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al C Ca Cd Fe H Mg Mn Na O S Si Zn 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al C Ca Cd Fe H Mg Mn Na O S Si Zn 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AragoniteCalciteClayEpsomiteNoneNot in a structural groupPyriteQuartzRutileSmectite-vermiculite
SphaleriteSpinelWurtzite

14 IMA Minerals at location:
Aragonite  (*)Calcite  (*)Dolomite  (*)Goslarite  (*)Greenockite  (*)
Hemimorphite  (*)Hydrozincite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Pyrolusite  (*)Quartz  (*)
Sauconite  (*)Smithsonite  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Spinel  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Aragonite  (*)AragoniteCa(CO3)48547003250
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)485470027770
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)248547009895
Goslarite  (*)EpsomiteZn(SO4)·7H2O4854700188
Greenockite  (*)WurtziteCdS4854700717
Hemimorphite  (*)Not in a structural groupZn4(Si2O7)(OH)2·H2O48547001689
Hydrozincite  (*)NoneZn5(CO3)2(OH)648547001066
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS2485470039462
Pyrolusite  (*)RutileMnO248547003106
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO2485470061156
Sauconite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculiteNa0.3Zn3(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2·4H2O485470056
Smithsonite  (*)CalciteZn(CO3)48547002473
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS485470021482
Spinel  (*)SpinelMgAl2O448547001934



1 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
sedexmvt-00224485470Early Ordovician host rock age      4091Friedensville Mine, Friedensville, Saucon Valley, Upper Saucon Township, Lehigh Co., Pennsylvania, USAFriedensvilleTaylor et al. (2009) USGSOFR2009_1297 


SampleSource LocalityReference URL


All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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