Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Rwanda

Oldest recorded age at locality: 980
Youngest recorded age at locality: 922

mindat Locality ID: 21896
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-21896.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Rwanda": 61
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 43

Number of Child Localities: 5
Child Localities:
Eastern Province
Kigali City Province
Northern Province
Southern Province
Western Province

Latitude: 1°50'34"S
Longitude: 29°44'45"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): -1.8427777777778,29.745833333333
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al As B Ba Be Bi C Ca Ce Cu F Fe H K Li Mg Mn Mo Na Nb Nd O P Pb S Si Sn Ta Ti U W Y Zn Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AlluauditeAluniteAmorphousAmphiboleAnthoiniteApatiteAragoniteArrojaditeArsenicArseniosiderite
ArsenopyriteArthuriteAutuniteBerylBismutiteBjarebyiteCalciteCancriniteCarminiteChalcopyrite
ChildreniteClayClinozoisiteColumbiteCoronaditeCorundumDiasporeDufréniteEpidoteFeldspar
FillowiteGraftoniteHureauliteKaoliniteKieseriteLazuliteLeucophosphiteLipscombiteMarcasiteMica
MolybdeniteMonaziteNoneNot in a structural groupOlivinePhosphosideritePyritePyrochlorePyroxeneQuartz
RaspiteReddingiteRhodoniteRockbridgeiteRocksaltRutileScheeliteSouzaliteSphaleriteSpinel
StewartiteStibniteTalcTitaniteTopazTourmalineTripliteTungstiteTurquoiseVivianite
WagneriteWarditeWavelliteYttrotungstiteZircon

128 IMA Minerals at location:
Actinolite  (*)Albite  (*)Alluaudite  (*)Amblygonite  (*)Anthoinite  (*)
Arsenopyrite  (*)Attakolite  (*)Augelite  (*)Autunite  (*)Barbosalite  (*)
Berlinite  (*)Bermanite  (*)Bertossaite  (*)Beryl  (*)Bismuth  (*)
Bismuthinite  (*)Bismutite  (*)Bjarebyite  (*)Brazilianite  (*)Burangaite  (*)
Cacoxenite  (*)Cancrinite  (*)Cassiterite  (*)Cerussite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)
Childrenite  (*)Columbite-(Fe)  (*)Cosalite  (*)Crandallite  (*)Cryptomelane  (*)
Cyrilovite  (*)Dufrénite  (*)Elbaite  (*)Eosphorite  (*)Epidote  (*)
Ferberite  (*)Fergusonite-(Y)  (*)Ferrisicklerite  (*)Ferroalluaudite  (*)Ferrorosemaryite  (*)
Fillowite  (*)Florencite-(Nd)  (*)Fluorapatite  (*)Foordite  (*)Frondelite  (*)
Galena  (*)Gatumbaite  (*)Goethite  (*)Gormanite  (*)Graftonite  (*)
Griphite  (*)Hagendorfite  (*)Hematite  (*)Heterosite  (*)Holmquistite  (*)
Hureaulite  (*)Hydrokenoelsmoreite  (*)Hydrotungstite  (*)Ixiolite  (*)Johnsomervilleite  (*)
Kaolinite  (*)Lacroixite  (*)Landesite  (*)Lazulite  (*)Leucophosphite  (*)
Lipscombite  (*)Lithiophilite  (*)Magnetite  (*)Manganite  (*)Marcasite  (*)
Meymacite  (*)Microcline  (*)Millisite  (*)Mitridatite  (*)Molybdenite  (*)
Monazite-(Ce)  (*)Montebrasite  (*)Muscovite  (*)Opal  (*)Orthoclase  (*)
Paragonite  (*)Phlogopite  (*)Phosphosiderite  (*)Purpurite  (*)Pyrite  (*)
Quartz  (*)Raspite  (*)Rhodonite  (*)Rockbridgeite  (*)Rosemaryite  (*)
Rutile  (*)Samuelsonite  (*)Sarcopside  (*)Scheelite  (*)Schorl  (*)
Scorodite  (*)Scorzalite  (*)Serrabrancaite  (*)Sicklerite  (*)Siderite  (*)
Siderophyllite  (*)Arrojadite-(BaFe)  (*)Souzalite  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Spodumene  (*)
Staněkite  (*)Stewartite  (*)Strengite  (*)Talc  (*)Tantalite-(Fe)  (*)
Tantalite-(Mn)  (*)Tavorite  (*)Thoreaulite  (*)Topaz  (*)Triphylite  (*)
Triplite  (*)Trolleite  (*)Tungstite  (*)Turquoise  (*)Variscite  (*)
Varulite  (*)Vernadite  (*)Vivianite  (*)Wardite  (*)Wavellite  (*)
Wyllieite  (*)Yttrotungstite-(Ce)  (*)Zircon  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)29809222104508,1045123419
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)9809225104498,104508,104509,104511,1045128803
Alluaudite  (*)Alluaudite   NaMnFe3+2(PO4)39809224104490,104492,104508,10451294
Amblygonite  (*)NoneLiAl(PO4)F9809225104498,104508,104509,104511,104512244
Anthoinite  (*)AnthoiniteAlWO3(OH)35104456,104457,104479,104481,10448614
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS2104457,1044749052
Attakolite  (*)NoneCaMn2+Al4(HSiO4)(PO4)3(OH)495092211045083
Augelite  (*)NoneAl2(PO4)(OH)39809223104508,104511,10451279
Autunite  (*)AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2·10-12H2O95092211045081272
Barbosalite  (*)LazuliteFe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2950922110450843
Berlinite  (*)QuartzAl(PO4)9809224104508,104510,104511,10451228
Bermanite  (*)ArthuriteMn2+Mn3+2(PO4)2(OH)2·4H2O950922110450855
Bertossaite  (*)CarminiteLi2CaAl4(PO4)4(OH)49809222104508,1045116
Beryl  (*)BerylBe3Al2Si6O189809226104496,104498,104508,104509,104511,1045124286
Bismuth  (*)ArsenicBi9509222104457,1045081966
Bismuthinite  (*)StibniteBi2S39509222104457,1045081935
Bismutite  (*)BismutiteBi2O2(CO3)9509221104508716
Bjarebyite  (*)BjarebyiteBaMn2+2Al2(PO4)3(OH)395092211045086
Brazilianite  (*)Not in a structural groupNaAl3(PO4)2(OH)49809222104508,10451159
Burangaite  (*)DufréniteNaFe2+Al5(PO4)4(OH)6·2H2O95092211045083
Cacoxenite  (*)NoneFe3+24AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12·75H2O9509221104508280
Cancrinite  (*)Cancrinite(Na,Ca,   )8(Al6Si6)O24(CO3,SO4)2·2H2O9509221104508232
Cassiterite  (*)RutileSnO298092210104459,104466,104474,104483,104492,104498,104503,104508,104509,1045125171
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)95092211045084979
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS29509223104457,104474,10450827198
Childrenite  (*)ChildreniteFe2+Al(PO4)(OH)2·H2O9809222104508,10451193
Columbite-(Fe)  (*)ColumbiteFe2+Nb2O6932.3929.92104503,104510518
Cosalite  (*)NonePb2Bi2S51104457344
Crandallite  (*)AluniteCaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)69509221104508310
Cryptomelane  (*)CoronaditeK(Mn4+7Mn3+)O169509221104508599
Cyrilovite  (*)WarditeNaFe3+3(PO4)2(OH)4·2H2O935.4923.4110449260
Dufrénite  (*)DufréniteCa0.5Fe2+Fe3+5(PO4)4(OH)6·2H2O9509222104490,104508139
Elbaite  (*)TourmalineNa(Al1.5Li1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)9509222104507,104508520
Eosphorite  (*)ChildreniteMn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2·H2O9809222104508,104511128
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)95092211045088173
Ferberite  (*)ColumbiteFe2+(WO4)6104457,104479,104481,104486,104487,104503551
Fergusonite-(Y)  (*)ScheeliteYNbO49509221104508196
Ferrisicklerite  (*)OlivineLi1-x(Fe3+,Mn2+)(PO4)9509222104490,104508108
Ferroalluaudite  (*)AlluauditeNaFe2+Fe3+2(PO4)3110450411
Ferrorosemaryite  (*)None   NaFe2+(Fe3+Al)(PO4)398098011045111
Fillowite  (*)FillowiteNa3CaMn2+11(PO4)99809223104504,104508,10451214
Florencite-(Nd)  (*)AluniteNdAl3(PO4)2(OH)611045046
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F9509222104490,1045082740
Foordite  (*)NoneSn2+Nb2O611045034
Frondelite  (*)Rockbridgeite(Mn2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe3+3(PO4)3(OH)5950922110450852
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS9509223104457,104474,10450824243
Gatumbaite  (*)NoneCaAl2(PO4)2(OH)2·H2O95092211045085
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)9509222104457,1045087437
Gormanite  (*)SouzaliteFe2+3Al4(PO4)4(OH)6·2H2O950922110450823
Graftonite  (*)GraftoniteFe2+Fe2+2(PO4)29509221104508107
Griphite  (*)NoneCa(Mn2+,Na,Li)6Fe2+Al2(PO4)6(F,OH)295092211045088
Hagendorfite  (*)AlluauditeNa2MnFe2+Fe3+(PO4)3935.4923.4110449217
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O39509222104457,10450814640
Heterosite  (*)OlivineFe3+(PO4)9809225104490,104492,104504,104508,104512204
Holmquistite  (*)Amphibole   Li2(Mg3Al2)Si8O22(OH)2935.4923.4110449242
Hureaulite  (*)HureauliteMn2+5(PO3OH)2(PO4)2·4H2O9509221104508125
Hydrokenoelsmoreite  (*)Pyrochlore   2W2O6(H2O)2104457,10448657
Hydrotungstite  (*)NoneWO2(OH)2·H2O110450313
Ixiolite  (*)Columbite(Ta2/3Mn2+1/3)O21104503148
Johnsomervilleite  (*)FillowiteNa3CaFe2+11(PO4)9110450411
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)4980957.36104457,104474,104498,104504,104511,1045125591
Lacroixite  (*)TitaniteNaAl(PO4)F9809224104508,104510,104511,10451222
Landesite  (*)ReddingiteMn2+9Fe3+3(PO4)8(OH)3·9H2O950922110450814
Lazulite  (*)LazuliteMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)29809222104508,104512232
Leucophosphite  (*)LeucophosphiteKFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)·2H2O9509221104508110
Lipscombite  (*)LipscombiteFe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2950922110450847
Lithiophilite  (*)OlivineLiMn2+(PO4)9809222104508,104512155
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O49809222104508,10451214899
Manganite  (*)RutileMn3+O(OH)9809801104512770
Marcasite  (*)MarcasiteFeS29759222104508,1045095674
Meymacite  (*)NoneWO3·2H2O110445710
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)9809222104508,1045124924
Millisite  (*)WarditeNaCaAl6(PO4)4(OH)9·3H2O110450412
Mitridatite  (*)ArseniosideriteCa2Fe3+3O2(PO4)3·3H2O9509222104504,104508129
Molybdenite  (*)MolybdeniteMoS211044575800
Monazite-(Ce)  (*)MonaziteCe(PO4)9509221104508945
Montebrasite  (*)NoneLiAl(PO4)(OH)9809224104508,104510,104511,104512200
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)29809226104457,104474,104486,104508,104509,10451217380
Opal  (*)AmorphousSiO2·nH2O95092211045082994
Orthoclase  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)95092211045082349
Paragonite  (*)Mica ClayNaAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)29809222104508,104512247
Phlogopite  (*)Mica ClayKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)295092211045082273
Phosphosiderite  (*)PhosphosideriteFe3+(PO4)·2H2O9509222104490,104508182
Purpurite  (*)OlivineMn3+(PO4)9509222104490,10450880
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS29509224104457,104474,104486,10450839462
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO298092212104457,104474,104479,104481,104486,104493,104498,104503,104508,104509,104511,10451261156
Raspite  (*)RaspitePb(WO4)2104457,10448626
Rhodonite  (*)RhodoniteCaMn3Mn(Si5O15)9509221104508969
Rockbridgeite  (*)Rockbridgeite(Fe2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe3+3(PO4)3(OH)59509222104490,104508206
Rosemaryite  (*)None   NaMn2+(Fe3+Al)(PO4)395092211045087
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO211044575614
Samuelsonite  (*)NoneCa9Mn2+4Al2(PO4)10(OH)295092211045084
Sarcopside  (*)NoneFe2+3(PO4)2110450458
Scheelite  (*)ScheeliteCa(WO4)9509222104457,1045084894
Schorl  (*)TourmalineNaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)9509222104507,1045082705
Scorodite  (*)NoneFe3+(AsO4)·2H2O95092211045081153
Scorzalite  (*)LazuliteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)29809224104508,104510,104511,10451260
Serrabrancaite  (*)KieseriteMn(PO4)·H2O95092211045088
Sicklerite  (*)OlivineLiMn2+(PO4)950922110450866
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)11044576417
Siderophyllite  (*)MicaKFe2+2Al(Si2Al2)O10(OH)29509222104490,10450892
Arrojadite-(BaFe)  (*)ArrojaditeBaFe2+(CaNa2)Fe2+13Al(PO4)11(PO3OH)(OH)295092211045087
Souzalite  (*)SouzaliteMg3Al4(PO4)4(OH)6·2H2O980980110451111
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS950922110450821482
Spodumene  (*)PyroxeneLiAlSi2O69809223104508,104511,104512688
Staněkite  (*)WagneriteFe3+Mn2+O(PO4)950922110450813
Stewartite  (*)StewartiteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2·8H2O950922110450848
Strengite  (*)NoneFe3+(PO4)·2H2O9809222104508,104512263
Talc  (*)Clay TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)29509222104493,1045083337
Tantalite-(Fe)  (*)ColumbiteFe2+Ta2O6950922110450899
Tantalite-(Mn)  (*)ColumbiteMn2+Ta2O69509221104508211
Tavorite  (*)NoneLiFe3+(PO4)(OH)950922110450835
Thoreaulite  (*)NoneSn2+Ta2O695092211045089
Topaz  (*)TopazAl2SiO4F295092211045081476
Triphylite  (*)OlivineLiFe2+(PO4)9809223104492,104508,104512313
Triplite  (*)TripliteMn2+2(PO4)F9809222104508,104511233
Trolleite  (*)NoneAl4(PO4)3(OH)39809222104508,10451116
Tungstite  (*)TungstiteWO3·H2O2104457,104486118
Turquoise  (*)TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O9809801104511484
Variscite  (*)NoneAl(PO4)·2H2O9809223104498,104508,104511301
Varulite  (*)AlluauditeNa2Mn(MnFe3+)(PO4)3950922110450815
Vernadite  (*)None(Mn,Fe,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2·nH2O950922110450865
Vivianite  (*)VivianiteFe2+3(PO4)2·8H2O9509222104490,104508636
Wardite  (*)WarditeNaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4·2H2O950922110450858
Wavellite  (*)WavelliteAl3(PO4)2(OH)3·5H2O9809222104508,104511374
Wyllieite  (*)NoneNaNaMn(Fe2+Al)(PO4)3950922110450817
Yttrotungstite-(Ce)  (*)YttrotungstiteCeW2O6(OH)32104457,1044865
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)95092211045085251


6 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Alexandra-0243935.4923.4929.4±6U-PbAge of Nb-Ta mineralizationcolumbite-(mn)150  Columbite-(Mn) Ta, Nb57927Kibingo Pegmatite (Kibinga [relating To A Hill]; Lemera; Mwaka), Gitarama – Kibuye Road, Southern Province, RwandaKibingoMelcher et al. (2015)10.1016/j.oregeorev.2013.09.003OGR64_667 
Alexandra-0167974.7957.3966 ± 8.7U-PbAge of pegmatitecolumbite, tantalitecoltan 233    210669Bijyojyo, Western Province, RwandaBijyoyoDewaele et al. (2011)10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2011.04.004JAES61_10 
Alexandra-0165950922936 ± 14U-PbAge of pegmatitecolumbite, tantalitecoltan 87    2824Buranga Pegmatite, Gatumba, Ngororero District, Western Province, RwandaBuranga pegmatiteDewaele et al. (2011)10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2011.04.004JAES61_10 
Alexandra-0166975930975-930U-PbAge of pegmatitecolumbite, tantalitecoltan 48    221139Gatumba Pegmatite, Gatumba, Ngororero District, Western Province, RwandaGatumba PegmatiteDewaele et al. (2011)10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2011.04.004JAES61_10 
Alexandra-0234932.3929.9931.1±1.2U-PbAge of Nb-Ta mineralizationcolumbite-(fe)151  Columbite-(Fe) Ta, Nb243295Rongi Amblygonite Pegmatite, Gatumba, Ngororero District, Western Province, RwandaRongiMelcher et al. (2015)10.1016/j.oregeorev.2013.09.003OGR64_667 
Grew_Li_2019_0007980980980      Bertossaite 58310Rubindi Pegmatite (Kabilizi), Gatumba, Ngororero District, Western Province, RwandaRubindi and Buranga (type) pegmatites, Gatumba district, Western Province, RwandaHulsbosch et al. (2013, 2014) GB16_105, GCA132_349 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL
R160080Buranga Pegmatite, Gatumba, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwandahttps://rruff.info/R160080
R130243Buranga Pegmatite, Gatumba, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwandahttps://rruff.info/R130243
R060666Buranga Pegmatite, Gatumba, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwandahttps://rruff.info/R060666
R130107Buranga Pegmatite, Gatumba, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwandahttps://rruff.info/R130107
R070408Buranga Pegmatite, Gatumba, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwandahttps://rruff.info/R070408
R070388Buranga Pegmatite, Gatumba, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwandahttps://rruff.info/R070388
R140519Buranga Pegmatite, Gatumba, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwandahttps://rruff.info/R140519
R080081Buranga Pegmatite, Gatumba, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwandahttps://rruff.info/R080081

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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