Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Chengde, Hebei, China

Oldest recorded age at locality: 1430
Youngest recorded age at locality: 66

mindat Locality ID: 22271
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-22271.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Chengde, Hebei, China": 125
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 101

Number of Child Localities: 13
Child Localities:
Chengde Co.
Fengning Co.
Kuancheng Co.
Longhua Co.
Luan River Valley (Luanhe Valley)
Luanping Co.
Pingquan Co.
Shuangluan District
Shuangqiao District
Weichang Co.
Xinglong Co.
Yan Mts (Yanshan Mts)
Yingshouyingzikuang District

Latitude: 41°4'0"N
Longitude: 117°54'7"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 41.066666666667,117.90194444444
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au B Ba Bi C Ca Cl Co Cr Cu F Fe H Hg In Ir K Mg Mn Mo Na Ni O Os P Pb Pd Pt Rh Ru S Sb Se Si Sn Te Ti W Zn Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al F O Si 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AcanthiteAluniteAmphiboleApatiteAragoniteArsenicArsenopyriteAuricuprideBaryteBoracite
BowieiteCalciteChalcopyriteChloriteClayClinozoisiteCopperCorundumCovelliteDiaspore
DigeniteEnargiteEpidoteFeldsparFluoriteGarnetHumiteIronIsomertieiteKaolinite
LapieiteMalachiteMarcasiteMeloniteMicaMolybdeniteNickelineNoneNot in a structural groupPentlandite
PerovskitePolybasitePyritePyrophyllitePyroxeneQuartzRocksaltRutileScheeliteSmectite-vermiculite
SphaleriteSpinelStibniteTalcTetradymiteTetrahedriteTitaniteTopazUllmanniteVesuvianite
WollastoniteWurtziteXifengiteZircon

132 IMA Minerals at location:
Acanthite  (*)Actinolite  (*)Albite  (*)Almandine  (*)Altaite  (*)
Anglesite  (*)Ankerite  (*)Arsenopyrite  (*)Augite  (*)Azurite  (*)
Baryte  (*)Bismuth  (*)Bornite  (*)Bowieite  (*)Calaverite  (*)
Calcite  (*)Carrollite  (*)Cerussite  (*)Chalcocite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)
Chambersite  (*)Changchengite  (*)Chengdeite  (*)Chlorargyrite  (*)Chondrodite  (*)
Chromite  (*)Clausthalite  (*)Clinochlore  (*)Cooperite  (*)Copper  (*)
Covellite  (*)Damiaoite  (*)Daomanite  (*)Digenite  (*)Diopside  (*)
Dolomite  (*)Empressite  (*)Enargite  (*)Epidote  (*)Erlichmanite  (*)
Fluorapatite  (*)Fluorite  (*)Freibergite  (*)Galena  (*)Gaotaiite  (*)
Goethite  (*)Gold  (*)Graphite  (*)Gupeiite  (*)Hematite  (*)
Hessite  (*)Hongshiite  (*)Humite  (*)Ilmenite  (*)Inaglyite  (*)
Irarsite  (*)Iridium  (*)Iron  (*)Isoferroplatinum  (*)Isomertieite  (*)
Jamesonite  (*)Jarosite  (*)Kaolinite  (*)Kashinite  (*)Kotulskite  (*)
Laurite  (*)Lead  (*)Lisiguangite  (*)Luanheite  (*)Maghemite  (*)
Magnesioferrite  (*)Magnetite  (*)Malachite  (*)Malanite  (*)Malyshevite  (*)
Manganite  (*)Marcasite  (*)Mawsonite  (*)Mayingite  (*)Microcline  (*)
Molybdenite  (*)Moncheite  (*)Montmorillonite  (*)Muscovite  (*)Orthoclase  (*)
Osmium  (*)Pearceite  (*)Pentlandite  (*)Phlogopite  (*)Platinum  (*)
Polarite  (*)Polybasite  (*)Polydymite  (*)Proustite  (*)Pyrargyrite  (*)
Pyrite  (*)Pyrolusite  (*)Pyrophyllite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)Quartz  (*)
Realgar  (*)Rhodochrosite  (*)Rutile  (*)Sanidine  (*)Scheelite  (*)
Shuangfengite  (*)Siderite  (*)Sillimanite  (*)Silver  (*)Smithsonite  (*)
Sperrylite  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Spinel  (*)Stibnite  (*)Stromeyerite  (*)
Taenite  (*)Talc  (*)Tellurobismuthite  (*)Tenorite  (*)Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)
Titanite  (*)Topaz  (*)Tremolite  (*)Vesuvianite  (*)Vysotskite  (*)
Wollastonite  (*)Wüstite  (*)Xifengite  (*)Yixunite  (*)Zinc  (*)
Zircon  (*)Zoisite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Acanthite  (*)AcanthiteAg2S939080,39084,39096,39104,39111,39113,39133,39180,391822793
Actinolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)220166339075,39088,391973419
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)20166939075,39090,39104,39105,39113,39123,39169,39188,391978803
Almandine  (*)GarnetFe2+3Al2(SiO4)31391072353
Altaite  (*)RocksaltPbTe139182489
Anglesite  (*)BarytePb(SO4)339104,39133,391822734
Ankerite  (*)NoneCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2439096,39104,39119,391853092
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS14301425739080,39084,39096,39104,39113,39123,391839052
Augite  (*)Pyroxene(Ca,Mg,Fe)2Si2O61391072060
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)220166239182,391975509
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)143014251039096,39104,39121,39123,39167,39180,39182,39183,39186,3919211547
Bismuth  (*)ArsenicBi239119,391631966
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS4201661039084,39088,39105,39107,39123,39142,39145,39182,39194,391975516
Bowieite  (*)BowieiteRh2S313907833
Calaverite  (*)MeloniteAuTe2139123361
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)1430662439084,39085,39089,39092,39096,39104,39105,39111,39112,39113,39117,39119,39121,39123,39166,39168,39169,39175,39183,39185,39186,39189,39192,3919727770
Carrollite  (*)SpinelCuCo2S420166539107,39142,39145,39194,39197154
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)339084,39113,391824979
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S20166939084,39096,39111,39113,39117,39123,39182,39185,391975707
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS21430663639075,39080,39084,39087,39089,39092,39096,39097,39099,39100,39104,39105,39106,39107,39111,39113,39117,39119,39121,39123,39133,39142,39143,39145,39163,39166,39168,39169,39182,39183,39185,39186,39188,39192,39194,3919727198
Chambersite  (*)BoraciteMn3B7O13Cl13918911
Changchengite  (*)UllmanniteIrBiS239078,390822
Chengdeite  (*)Auricupride PerovskiteIr3Fe239078,390826
Chlorargyrite  (*)RocksaltAgCl1391041382
Chondrodite  (*)HumiteMg5(SiO4)2F220166139197285
Chromite  (*)SpinelFe2+Cr2O4528131539078,39082,39139,39191,391953902
Clausthalite  (*)RocksaltPbSe139145281
Clinochlore  (*)Chlorite ClayMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)81390751756
Cooperite  (*)NonePtS739078,39088,39107,39142,39145,39191,39194124
Copper  (*)CopperCu1391953846
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS539104,39107,39113,39133,391824165
Damiaoite  (*)FluoritePtIn2239142,391942
Daomanite  (*)NoneCuPtAsS2339107,39145,391945
Digenite  (*)DigeniteCu1.8S239145,391821027
Diopside  (*)PyroxeneCaMgSi2O620166639078,39088,39107,39110,39145,391974135
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)21430661439104,39113,39119,39121,39123,39167,39168,39183,39184,39185,39186,39188,39192,391979895
Empressite  (*)NoneAgTe13918243
Enargite  (*)Enargite WurtziteCu3AsS4239084,39182910
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)20166839075,39078,39084,39088,39105,39133,39188,391978173
Erlichmanite  (*)PyriteOsS2239078,39082110
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F439075,39078,39129,391752740
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF21430662839081,39084,39085,39096,39104,39105,39111,39112,39113,39119,39121,39123,39126,39131,39133,39134,39135,39148,39163,39167,39169,39171,39179,39182,39183,39186,39192,391979617
Freibergite  (*)TetrahedriteAg6[Cu4Fe2]Sb4S12139096663
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS1430663139080,39081,39084,39089,39092,39096,39097,39099,39100,39104,39106,39111,39113,39117,39119,39121,39123,39133,39143,39163,39166,39168,39180,39182,39183,39184,39186,39188,39192,39194,3919724243
Gaotaiite  (*)PyriteIr3Te81390781
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)20166539084,39104,39107,39113,391977437
Gold  (*)CopperAu528663339078,39080,39082,39088,39091,39092,39093,39094,39095,39096,39101,39103,39104,39106,39108,39109,39111,39113,39117,39119,39123,39132,39138,39139,39143,39145,39163,39166,39168,39182,39185,39195,3919730554
Graphite  (*)NoneC1391952812
Gupeiite  (*)NoneFe3Si1391953
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O320166539084,39105,39127,39169,3919714640
Hessite  (*)NoneAg2Te139182804
Hongshiite  (*)NonePtCu13908827
Humite  (*)HumiteMg7(SiO4)3F22016613919780
Ilmenite  (*)CorundumFe2+Ti4+O31139075,39076,39078,39105,39113,39114,39129,39130,39174,39175,391955433
Inaglyite  (*)NonePbCu3Ir8S161390786
Irarsite  (*)PyriteIrAsS528131339078,39082,39139154
Iridium  (*)CopperIr339078,39082,39191162
Iron  (*)IronFe1391951089
Isoferroplatinum  (*)Auricupride PerovskitePt3Fe139078128
Isomertieite  (*)IsomertieitePd11Sb2As2339088,39107,3914548
Jamesonite  (*)NonePb4FeSb6S14139113784
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)61391042228
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)4201661439080,39084,39090,39096,39104,39105,39111,39113,39123,39133,39163,39182,39188,391975591
Kashinite  (*)BowieiteIr2S352813113913729
Kotulskite  (*)NickelinePd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4)239107,39145116
Laurite  (*)PyriteRuS2528131439078,39082,39088,39139226
Lead  (*)CopperPb528131139138192
Lisiguangite  (*)LapieiteCuPtBiS31391942
Luanheite  (*)NoneAg3Hg15213113913817
Maghemite  (*)Spinel(Fe3+0.67   0.33)Fe3+2O4139195229
Magnesioferrite  (*)SpinelMgFe3+2O413907598
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O4528662139075,39076,39078,39082,39088,39090,39104,39105,39107,39113,39114,39129,39130,39139,39142,39145,39174,39175,39188,39195,3919714899
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)220166439084,39143,39182,3919712537
Malanite  (*)SpinelCu1+(Ir3+Pt4+)S4439107,39142,39191,3919435
Malyshevite  (*)LapieitePdCuBiS31391947
Manganite  (*)RutileMn3+O(OH)139189770
Marcasite  (*)MarcasiteFeS2143066739104,39113,39121,39183,39186,39192,391975674
Mawsonite  (*)NoneCu6Fe2SnS813918292
Mayingite  (*)PyriteIrBiTe528131339078,39082,391393
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)137131439104,39105,39113,391694924
Molybdenite  (*)MolybdeniteMoS21521311039084,39090,39104,39105,39123,39163,39169,39188,39194,391975800
Moncheite  (*)MelonitePt(Te,Bi)2639088,39107,39142,39145,39191,39194133
Montmorillonite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculite(Na,Ca)0.3(Al,Mg)2Si4O10(OH)2·nH2O239096,391131508
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)2201662339075,39078,39080,39081,39090,39094,39096,39104,39105,39111,39113,39117,39119,39123,39133,39163,39166,39167,39169,39175,39182,39188,3919717380
Orthoclase  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)20166339169,39188,391972349
Osmium  (*)NoneOs528131339078,39137,39139169
Pearceite  (*)Polybasite[Ag9CuS4][(Ag,Cu)6(As,Sb)2S7]239104,39113249
Pentlandite  (*)Pentlandite(Ni,Fe)9S8239075,390881512
Phlogopite  (*)Mica ClayKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)220166339096,39110,391972273
Platinum  (*)CopperPt528131839078,39082,39088,39137,39139,39145,39191,39194485
Polarite  (*)NonePd(Bi,Pb)13908810
Polybasite  (*)Polybasite[Ag9CuS4][(Ag,Cu)6(Sb,As)2S7]339096,39104,39113716
Polydymite  (*)SpinelNi2+Ni3+2S4139088131
Proustite  (*)NoneAg3AsS3239104,39111733
Pyrargyrite  (*)NoneAg3SbS3239111,391131425
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS21430663639075,39078,39080,39084,39088,39089,39092,39094,39096,39104,39105,39111,39113,39117,39118,39119,39121,39123,39133,39143,39145,39163,39166,39168,39169,39170,39175,39182,39183,39184,39185,39186,39188,39192,39194,3919739462
Pyrolusite  (*)RutileMnO2439084,39104,39111,391893106
Pyrophyllite  (*)Clay PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2339119,39123,39133771
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S81430661039075,39088,39104,39121,39123,39183,39186,39188,39192,391979056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO21430664739075,39081,39084,39085,39089,39090,39091,39092,39093,39094,39095,39096,39097,39101,39103,39104,39105,39106,39108,39111,39112,39113,39117,39119,39121,39123,39131,39132,39133,39135,39143,39145,39163,39166,39167,39168,39169,39170,39180,39182,39183,39184,39185,39186,39188,39192,3919761156
Realgar  (*)NoneAsS14301425139183712
Rhodochrosite  (*)CalciteMn(CO3)239180,391891711
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO2143066739075,39121,39183,39186,39188,39192,391975614
Sanidine  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)139075598
Scheelite  (*)ScheeliteCa(WO4)20166439117,39119,39123,391974894
Shuangfengite  (*)MeloniteIrTe2528131439078,39082,39139,391914
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)14301425739111,39117,39119,39123,39183,39184,391896417
Sillimanite  (*)Not in a structural groupAl2SiO51390961516
Silver  (*)CopperAg5281311139080,39084,39096,39104,39111,39113,39123,39133,39138,39180,391825186
Smithsonite  (*)CalciteZn(CO3)1391822473
Sperrylite  (*)PyritePtAs2739078,39088,39107,39142,39145,39191,39194337
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS1430663139080,39081,39084,39089,39092,39096,39097,39099,39100,39104,39105,39106,39111,39113,39117,39119,39121,39123,39133,39143,39163,39166,39168,39180,39182,39183,39184,39186,39188,39192,3919721482
Spinel  (*)SpinelMgAl2O41390781934
Stibnite  (*)StibniteSb2S31391683418
Stromeyerite  (*)NoneCuAgS139180332
Taenite  (*)None(Ni,Fe)139195703
Talc  (*)Clay TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2239094,391043337
Tellurobismuthite  (*)TetradymiteBi2Te3139123276
Tenorite  (*)NoneCuO20166239182,391971101
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S131430661139080,39084,39104,39111,39113,39123,39163,39180,39182,39183,391975317
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O439075,39088,39107,391134899
Topaz  (*)TopazAl2SiO4F214306601476
Tremolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg5.0-4.5Fe2+0.0-0.5)Si8O22(OH)220166339123,39188,391972562
Vesuvianite  (*)Vesuvianite(Ca,Na)19(Al,Mg,Fe)13(SiO4)10(Si2O7)4(OH,F,O)10201661391971395
Vysotskite  (*)NonePdS13908853
Wollastonite  (*)WollastoniteCaSiO3201661391971247
Wüstite  (*)RocksaltFeO13919574
Xifengite  (*)XifengiteFe5Si31391955
Yixunite  (*)Auricupride PerovskitePt3In239142,391942
Zinc  (*)NoneZn52813113913852
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)1391955251
Zoisite  (*)EpidoteCa2Al3[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)339075,39111,391751025


Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:
Age IDLocality Notes
Emily000371skarn Cu (Mo) deposit
Emily000372skarn Cu (Mo) deposit


13 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Emily000342458414436±22Re-Os molybdeniteXL7-1  MolybdeniteMolybdenite 696Luan River Valley (Luanhe Valley), Chengde, Hebei, ChinaLuan River ValleyMao et al. (1999)10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00165-9GCA63_1815 
Emily000343479445462±17Re-Os molybdeniteXL7-3  MolybdeniteMolybdenite 696Luan River Valley (Luanhe Valley), Chengde, Hebei, ChinaLuan River ValleyMao et al. (1999)10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00165-9GCA63_1815 
Emily000344490460475±15Re-Os molybdeniteXL7-6  MolybdeniteMolybdenite 696Luan River Valley (Luanhe Valley), Chengde, Hebei, ChinaLuan River ValleyMao et al. (1999)10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00165-9GCA63_1815 
Emily000345488426457±31Re-Os molybdeniteXL7-7  MolybdeniteMolybdenite 696Luan River Valley (Luanhe Valley), Chengde, Hebei, ChinaLuan River ValleyMao et al. (1999)10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00165-9GCA63_1815 
Emily000346528464496±32Re-Os molybdeniteXL7-10  MolybdeniteMolybdenite 696Luan River Valley (Luanhe Valley), Chengde, Hebei, ChinaLuan River ValleyMao et al. (1999)10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00165-9GCA63_1815 
Hg-00009152131 Re-Os     LuanheiteHg696Luan River Valley (Luanhe Valley), Chengde, Hebei, China Huang et al. (1996); Mao et al. (1999)   
Emily000371137131134±3Re-Os molybdeniteS-17  MolybdeniteMolybdenite 144464Xiaosigou Mine (Xiaoshigou Mine), Pingquan Co., Chengde, Hebei, ChinaXiaosigou MineHuang et al. (1996) MD15_363 
Kristen002246137131134±3Re-Osmineralization agemolybdenite   Molybdenite Cu, Mo144464Xiaosigou Mine (Xiaoshigou Mine), Pingquan Co., Chengde, Hebei, ChinaXiaoshigouHan et al. (2014)10.1111/rge.12033RG64_136 
sedexmvt-00095143014301430 Ma (galena isochron)galena isochron       144504Gaobanhe Pb-Zn-Ag Deposit, Xinglong Co., Chengde, Hebei, ChinaGaobanheTaylor et al. (2009) USGSOFR2009_1297 
sedznpb-00159142514251425        144504Gaobanhe Pb-Zn-Ag Deposit, Xinglong Co., Chengde, Hebei, ChinaGaobanheSinger et al. (2009) USGSOFR2009-1252 
sedznpb-00161143014301430        144500Guantangzhi Pyrite Deposit, Xinglong Co., Chengde, Hebei, ChinaGuantangzhiSinger et al. (2009) USGSOFR2009-1252 
Chen2007tbl01-5620166Jurassic–Cretaceous      Bornite, Chalcopyrite, Magnetite, Malachite, Marcasite, Molybdenite, Pyrite, Pyrrhotite, Tenorite 144503Shouwangfen Mine, Yingshouyingzikuang District, Chengde, Hebei, ChinaShouwangfen, Chengde, HebeiChen et al. (2007)10.1016/j.oregeorev.2005.01.001OGR31_139 
Emily000372152144148±4Re-Os molybdeniteSH-13  MolybdeniteMolybdenite 144503Shouwangfen Mine, Yingshouyingzikuang District, Chengde, Hebei, ChinaShouwangfei porphyry-skarn Cu(Mo) deposit, Hebei ProvinceHuang et al. (1996) MD15_363 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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