Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

Locality Name:
Cercado Province, Oruro, Bolivia

Oldest recorded age at locality: 45
Youngest recorded age at locality: 45

mindat Locality ID: 24395
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-24395.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Cercado Province, Oruro, Bolivia": 34
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 25

Number of Child Localities: 9
Child Localities:
Antofagasta Mine
Caracollo
Chilcani Mine
Condeauque Mining District (Conde Auque)
La Joya Mining District
Lequepalca
Oruro City
San Antonio De Calacalani Mine
Yarvicoya Mine (Stella Maris Mine)

Latitude: 17°55'32"S
Longitude: 67°12'10"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): -17.925555555556,-67.202777777778

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Acanthite	Alunite	Amorphous	Andalusite	Apatite	Aragonite	Arsenic	Arseniosiderite	Arsenopyrite	Baryte
Bournonite	Calcite	Chalcanthite	Chalcopyrite	Chalcostibite	Clay	Clinozoisite	Columbite	Copiapite	Copper
Corundum	Covellite	Cylindrite	Diaspore	Enargite	Epidote	Feldspar	Fluorite	Geocronite	Gypsum
Halotrichite	Kaolinite	Lillianite	Malachite	Marcasite	Melanterite	Mica	Nickeline	None	Not in a structural group
Owyheeite	Pyrite	Pyrochlore	Quartz	Rocksalt	Rutile	Scheelite	Sphalerite	Spinel	Stannite
Stibnite	Sulphur	Tetrahedrite	Tourmaline	Tungstite	Vivianite	Wavellite	Wurtzite	Zinkenite

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au B Ba Bi C Ca Cd Cl Cu F Fe H Hg K Mg Mn Na O P Pb S Sb Si Sn Sr Ti W Zn

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality:

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Acanthite Alunite Amorphous Andalusite Apatite Aragonite Arsenic Arseniosiderite Arsenopyrite Baryte
Bournonite Calcite Chalcanthite Chalcopyrite Chalcostibite Clay Clinozoisite Columbite Copiapite Copper
Corundum Covellite Cylindrite Diaspore Enargite Epidote Feldspar Fluorite Geocronite Gypsum
Halotrichite Kaolinite Lillianite Malachite Marcasite Melanterite Mica Nickeline None Not in a structural group
Owyheeite Pyrite Pyrochlore Quartz Rocksalt Rutile Scheelite Sphalerite Spinel Stannite
Stibnite Sulphur Tetrahedrite Tourmaline Tungstite Vivianite Wavellite Wurtzite Zinkenite

115 IMA Minerals at location:

Acanthite ()*	Albite ()*	Alunite ()*	Alunogen ()*	Andalusite ()*
Anglesite ()*	Ankerite ()*	Aragonite ()*	Argentojarosite ()*	Arseniosiderite ()*
Arsenopyrite ()*	Augelite ()*	Azurite ()*	Baryte ()*	Bismuth ()*
Bismuthinite ()*	Boulangerite ()*	Bournonite ()*	Calcite ()*	Cassiterite ()*
Celestine ()*	Cerussite ()*	Cervantite ()*	Chalcanthite ()*	Chalcocite ()*
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcostibite ()*	Chlorargyrite ()*	Cinnabar ()*	Copiapite ()*
Copper ()*	Covellite ()*	Cuprite ()*	Cylindrite ()*	Diadochite ()*
Diaphorite ()*	Dickite ()*	Dolomite ()*	Dravite ()*	Enargite ()*
Epidote ()*	Ferberite ()*	Ferrokësterite ()*	Fizélyite ()*	Fluorapatite ()*
Fluorite ()*	Franckeite ()*	Freibergite ()*	Galena ()*	Geocronite ()*
Goethite ()*	Gold ()*	Gypsum ()*	Halotrichite ()*	Hematite ()*
Heteromorphite ()*	Hinsdalite ()*	Hocartite ()*	Hübnerite ()*	Hydrotungstite ()*
Jamesonite ()*	Jarosite ()*	Jordanite ()*	Kaolinite ()*	Kermesite ()*
Kësterite ()*	Magnesiocopiapite ()*	Magnetite ()*	Malachite ()*	Marcasite ()*
Melanterite ()*	Metastibnite ()*	Miargyrite ()*	Muscovite ()*	Natroalunite ()*
Onoratoite ()*	Opal ()*	Orthoclase ()*	Owyheeite ()*	Plagionite ()*
Plumbogummite ()*	Pyrargyrite ()*	Pyrite ()*	Pyrrhotite ()*	Quartz ()*
Andorite IV ()*	Ramdohrite ()*	Realgar ()*	Rhodochrosite ()*	Rhodostannite ()*
Rhomboclase ()*	Rutile ()*	Sanidine ()*	Scheelite ()*	Scorodite ()*
Semseyite ()*	Andorite VI ()*	Siderite ()*	Silver ()*	Sphalerite ()*
Stannite ()*	Stephanite ()*	Stibiconite ()*	Stibnite ()*	Sulphur ()*
Tennantite-(Fe) ()*	Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*	Tripuhyite ()*	Tungstite ()*	Valentinite ()*
Vivianite ()*	Wavellite ()*	Wurtzite ()*	Zinkenite ()*	Zunyite ()*

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Acanthite ()*	Acanthite	Ag₂S	45	45	3	26179,26189,26190	2793
Albite ()*	Feldspar	Na(AlSi₃O₈)	45	45	4	26183,26186,26190,26191	8803
Alunite ()*	None	KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	45	45	4	26175,26179,26189,26190	966
Alunogen ()*	Not in a structural group	Al₂(SO₄)₃(H₂O)₁₂·5H₂O	45	45	1	26190	272
Andalusite ()*	Andalusite	Al₂SiO₅	45	45	4	26183,26186,26190,26191	1310
Anglesite ()*	Baryte	Pb(SO₄)	45	45	4	26177,26185,26189,26190	2734
Ankerite ()*	None	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂	45	45	4	26168,26170,26177,26179	3092
Aragonite ()*	Aragonite	Ca(CO₃)	45	45	1	26171	3250
Argentojarosite ()*	Alunite	AgFe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	45	45	1	26189	58
Arseniosiderite ()*	Arseniosiderite	Ca₂Fe³⁺₃O₂(AsO₄)₃·3H₂O	45	45	1	26188	194
Arsenopyrite ()*	Arsenopyrite	FeAsS	45	45	8	26175,26177,26179,26183,26188,26189,26190,26192	9052
Augelite ()*	None	Al₂(PO₄)(OH)₃	45	45	4	26183,26189,26190,26191	79
Azurite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂	45	45	1	26194	5509
Baryte ()*	Baryte	Ba(SO₄)	45	45	9	26168,26170,26171,26177,26182,26183,26185,26189,26190	11547
Bismuth ()*	Arsenic	Bi	45	45	1	26177	1966
Bismuthinite ()*	Stibnite	Bi₂S₃	45	45	3	26175,26177,26190	1935
Boulangerite ()*	None	Pb₅Sb₄S₁₁	45	45	5	26177,26179,26183,26189,26190	843
Bournonite ()*	Bournonite	CuPbSbS₃	45	45	4	26175,26183,26189,26190	1089
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)	45	45	2	26170,26171	27770
Cassiterite ()*	Rutile	SnO₂	45	45	6	26175,26183,26186,26189,26190,26191	5171
Celestine ()*	Baryte	Sr(SO₄)	45	45	1	26163	1252
Cerussite ()*	Aragonite	Pb(CO₃)	45	45	3	26183,26189,26190	4979
Cervantite ()*	None	Sb³⁺Sb⁵⁺O₄	45	45	1	26163	352
Chalcanthite ()*	Chalcanthite	Cu(SO₄)·5H₂O	45	45	1	26194	925
Chalcocite ()*	None	Cu₂S	45	45	4	26175,26177,26187,26194	5707
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂	45	45	9	26165,26175,26177,26179,26183,26188,26189,26190,26194	27198
Chalcostibite ()*	Chalcostibite	CuSbS₂	45	45	4	26166,26183,26189,26190	162
Chlorargyrite ()*	Rocksalt	AgCl	45	45	1	26190	1382
Cinnabar ()*	None	HgS	45	45	1	26163	2600
Copiapite ()*	Copiapite	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₄(SO₄)₆(OH)₂·20H₂O	45	45	1	26191	382
Copper ()*	Copper	Cu	45	45	1	26194	3846
Covellite ()*	Covellite	CuS	45	45	2	26177,26194	4165
Cuprite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₂O	45	45	1	26194	2970
Cylindrite ()*	Cylindrite	FePb₃Sn₄Sb₂S₁₄	45	45	3	26183,26189,26190	17
Diadochite ()*	Amorphous	Fe³⁺₂(PO₄)(SO₄)(OH)·6H₂O	45	45	1	26183	81
Diaphorite ()*	None	Ag₃Pb₂Sb₃S₈	45	45	3	26183,26189,26190	126
Dickite ()*	Clay Kaolinite	Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄	45	45	1	26190	651
Dolomite ()*	None	CaMg(CO₃)₂	45	45	3	26169,26170,26189	9895
Dravite ()*	Tourmaline	NaMg₃Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH)	45	45	1	26189	648
Enargite ()*	Enargite Wurtzite	Cu₃AsS₄	45	45	1	26177	910
Epidote ()*	Epidote Clinozoisite	Ca₂(Al₂Fe³⁺)[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)	45	45	1	26188	8173
Ferberite ()*	Columbite	Fe²⁺(WO₄)	45	45	4	26170,26172,26182,26193	551
Ferrokësterite ()*	Stannite Sphalerite	Cu₂FeSnS₄	45	45	2	26189,26190	13
Fizélyite ()*	Lillianite	Ag₅Pb₁₄Sb₂₁S₄₈	45	45	1	26190	54
Fluorapatite ()*	Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F	45	45	1	26190	2740
Fluorite ()*	Fluorite	CaF₂	45	45	1	26171	9617
Franckeite ()*	Cylindrite	Pb_21.7Sn_9.3Fe_4.0Sb_8.1S_56.9	45	45	2	26189,26190	52
Freibergite ()*	Tetrahedrite	Ag₆[Cu₄Fe₂]Sb₄S₁₂	45	45	1	26189	663
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS	45	45	9	26175,26177,26179,26183,26185,26186,26189,26190,26191	24243
Geocronite ()*	Geocronite	Pb₁₄Sb₆S₂₃	45	45	1	26190	133
Goethite ()*	Diaspore	FeO(OH)	45	45	5	26175,26185,26188,26189,26192	7437
Gold ()*	Copper	Au	45	45	7	26161,26166,26175,26177,26179,26188,26192	30554
Gypsum ()*	Gypsum	Ca(SO₄)·2H₂O	45	45	2	26189,26190	6890
Halotrichite ()*	Halotrichite	Fe²⁺Al₂(SO₄)₄·22H₂O	45	45	1	26190	409
Hematite ()*	Corundum	Fe₂O₃	45	45	1	26188	14640
Heteromorphite ()*	None	Pb₇Sb₈S₁₉	45	45	1	26189	38
Hinsdalite ()*	Alunite	PbAl₃(SO₄)(PO₄)(OH)₆	45	45	1	26190	82
Hocartite ()*	Stannite Sphalerite	Ag₂FeSnS₄	45	45	1	26190	31
Hübnerite ()*	Columbite	Mn²⁺(WO₄)	45	45	1	26172	469
Hydrotungstite ()*	None	WO₂(OH)₂·H₂O	45	45	1	26193	13
Jamesonite ()*	None	Pb₄FeSb₆S₁₄	45	45	6	26175,26177,26179,26183,26189,26190	784
Jarosite ()*	Alunite	KFe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	45	45	7	26175,26177,26182,26188,26189,26190,26193	2228
Jordanite ()*	Geocronite	Pb₁₄As₆S₂₃	45	45	1	26190	105
Kaolinite ()*	Clay Kaolinite	Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄	45	45	5	26171,26172,26189,26191,26193	5591
Kermesite ()*	None	Sb₂OS₂	45	45	1	26189	230
Kësterite ()*	Stannite Sphalerite	Cu₂ZnSnS₄	45	45	2	26183,26190	82
Magnesiocopiapite ()*	Copiapite	MgFe³⁺₄(SO₄)₆(OH)₂·20H₂O	45	45	1	26189	54
Magnetite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	45	45	1	26189	14899
Malachite ()*	Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂	45	45	2	26187,26194	12537
Marcasite ()*	Marcasite	FeS₂	45	45	5	26175,26179,26183,26190,26191	5674
Melanterite ()*	Melanterite	Fe(SO₄)·7H₂O	45	45	2	26190,26191	915
Metastibnite ()*	Stibnite	Sb₂S₃	45	45	4	26183,26189,26190,26191	87
Miargyrite ()*	None	AgSbS₂	45	45	3	26184,26189,26190	300
Muscovite ()*	Mica Clay	KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂	45	45	4	26175,26188,26189,26192	17380
Natroalunite ()*	Alunite	NaAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	45	45	2	26183,26189	128
Onoratoite ()*	None	Sb₈O₁₁Cl₂	45	45	1	26190	4
Opal ()*	Amorphous	SiO₂·nH₂O	45	45	1	26188	2994
Orthoclase ()*	Feldspar	K(AlSi₃O₈)	45	45	1	26183	2349
Owyheeite ()*	Owyheeite	Ag₃Pb₁₀Sb₁₁S₂₈	45	45	1	26190	89
Plagionite ()*	None	Pb₅Sb₈S₁₇	45	45	4	26183,26189,26190,26191	100
Plumbogummite ()*	Alunite	PbAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆	45	45	1	26190	170
Pyrargyrite ()*	None	Ag₃SbS₃	45	45	1	26190	1425
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	45	45	16	26168,26170,26172,26175,26177,26179,26180,26182,26183,26185,26188,26189,26190,26191,26192,26193	39462
Pyrrhotite ()*	Nickeline	Fe₇S₈	45	45	2	26177,26179	9056
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	45	45	23	26161,26163,26165,26166,26168,26170,26171,26172,26175,26177,26179,26180,26182,26183,26185,26186,26188,26189,26190,26191,26192,26193,26194	61156
Andorite IV ()*	Lillianite	AgPbSb₃S₆	45	45	1	26190	7
Ramdohrite ()*	Lillianite	Pb_5.9Fe_0.1Mn_0.1In_0.1Cd_0.2Ag_2.8Sb_10.8S₂₄	45	45	1	26190	34
Realgar ()*	None	AsS	45	45	1	26175	712
Rhodochrosite ()*	Calcite	Mn(CO₃)	45	45	1	26177	1711
Rhodostannite ()*	Spinel	Cu¹⁺(Fe²⁺_0.5Sn⁴⁺_1.5)S₄	45	45	1	26190	10
Rhomboclase ()*	Not in a structural group	(H₅O₂)Fe³⁺(SO₄)₂·2H₂O	45	45	2	26183,26190	53
Rutile ()*	Rutile	TiO₂	45	45	2	26175,26188	5614
Sanidine ()*	Feldspar	K(AlSi₃O₈)	45	45	4	26183,26186,26190,26191	598
Scheelite ()*	Scheelite	Ca(WO₄)	45	45	5	26168,26169,26170,26171,26183	4894
Scorodite ()*	None	Fe³⁺(AsO₄)·2H₂O	45	45	2	26177,26188	1153
Semseyite ()*	None	Pb₉Sb₈S₂₁	45	45	3	26183,26189,26190	165
Andorite VI ()*	Lillianite	AgPbSb₃S₆	45	45	1	26183	8
Siderite ()*	Calcite	Fe(CO₃)	45	45	4	26166,26183,26188,26194	6417
Silver ()*	Copper	Ag	45	45	2	26189,26190	5186
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS	45	45	9	26170,26175,26177,26179,26183,26185,26190,26193,26194	21482
Stannite ()*	Stannite Sphalerite	Cu₂FeSnS₄	45	45	4	26175,26183,26189,26190	668
Stephanite ()*	None	Ag₅SbS₄	45	45	1	26190	586
Stibiconite ()*	Pyrochlore	Sb³⁺Sb⁵⁺₂O₆(OH)	45	45	2	26182,26194	446
Stibnite ()*	Stibnite	Sb₂S₃	45	45	13	26161,26163,26165,26166,26168,26175,26179,26182,26183,26189,26190,26193,26194	3418
Sulphur ()*	Sulphur	S	45	45	2	26182,26190	2045
Tennantite-(Fe) ()*	Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄Fe₂)As₄S₁₃	45	45	1	26177	1803
Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*	Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄Zn₂)Sb₄S₁₃	45	45	6	26175,26177,26183,26185,26189,26190	5317
Tripuhyite ()*	Rutile	Fe³⁺Sb⁵⁺O₄	45	45	1	26163	66
Tungstite ()*	Tungstite	WO₃·H₂O	45	45	1	26193	118
Valentinite ()*	None	Sb₂O₃	45	45	3	26183,26189,26190	369
Vivianite ()*	Vivianite	Fe²⁺₃(PO₄)₂·8H₂O	45	45	3	26183,26189,26190	636
Wavellite ()*	Wavellite	Al₃(PO₄)₂(OH)₃·5H₂O	45	45	2	26183,26189	374
Wurtzite ()*	Wurtzite	ZnS	45	45	2	26183,26190	372
Zinkenite ()*	Zinkenite	Pb₉Sb₂₂S₄₂	45	45	4	26175,26179,26189,26190	228
Zunyite ()*	None	Al₁₃Si₅O₂₀(OH,F)₁₈Cl	45	45	1	26190	86

1 Ages assigned to this locality:

	Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Prioritized?	Sample Source	Sample Num	Run Num	Age from other Locality	Dated Mineral	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
	sedcu-00056	45	45	L. Tertiary										Cu	24395	Cercado Province, Oruro, Bolivia	Chuquichambi	Cox et al. (2003)		USGSOFR03_107

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL
R050481	Itos Mine, Oruro City, Cercado Province, Oruro, Bolivia	https://rruff.info/R050481
R060673	San José Mine, Oruro City, Cercado Province, Oruro, Bolivia	https://rruff.info/R060673
R110173	San José Mine, Oruro City, Cercado Province, Oruro, Bolivia	https://rruff.info/R110173
R050432	San José Mine, Oruro City, Cercado Province, Oruro, Bolivia	https://rruff.info/R050432
R060755	San José Mine, Oruro City, Cercado Province, Oruro, Bolivia	https://rruff.info/R060755

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...