Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Branca, Albergaria-a-Velha, Aveiro, Portugal

Oldest recorded age at locality: 405
Youngest recorded age at locality: 270

mindat Locality ID: 249474
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-249474.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Branca, Albergaria-a-Velha, Aveiro, Portugal": 3
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 3

Number of Child Localities: 3
Child Localities:
Caima Mine
Palhal Mine
Volta Da Telhadela - Samuel E Esperança Mines

Latitude: 40°44'45"N
Longitude: 8°27'45"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 40.745833333333,-8.4625
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As B Bi C Ca Cd Cl Co Cu Fe H Mg Mn N Na Ni O P Pb S Sb Se Si Sn V Zn 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AllophaneAlumAluniteAmorphousAmphiboleAndalusiteApatiteAragoniteArsenoliteArsenopyrite
BaryteBrochantiteCalciteCaledoniteCarminiteChalcanthiteChalcophylliteChalcopyriteClayCopiapite
CopperCoquimbiteCovelliteCubaniteDevillineDigeniteEnargiteEpsomiteGarnetGypsum
HalotrichiteHydrotalciteKieseriteLöllingiteLinariteMalachiteMarcasiteMelanteriteMeneghiniteMillerite
NickelineNoneNot in a structural groupNowackiitePentlanditePerovskitePyriteQuartzRocksaltRömerite
SerpentineSkutteruditeSmectite-vermiculiteSmolyaninoviteSpangoliteSphaleriteSpinelStanniteSulphurTalc
TetrahedriteTourmalineVivianiteWoodwarditeWurtzite

105 IMA Minerals at location:
Aikinite  (*)Alloclasite  (*)Anglesite  (*)Ankerite  (*)Annabergite  (*)
Antlerite  (*)Apjohnite  (*)Aragonite  (*)Arsenolite  (*)Arsenopyrite  (*)
Asbolane  (*)Aurichalcite  (*)Azurite  (*)Bieberite  (*)Bornite  (*)
Brochantite  (*)Calcite  (*)Caledonite  (*)Carminite  (*)Carrboydite  (*)
Cerussite  (*)Chalcanthite  (*)Chalcocite  (*)Chalcophyllite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)
Chrysocolla  (*)Clinoclase  (*)Copper  (*)Coquimbite  (*)Cornwallite  (*)
Covellite  (*)Cubanite  (*)Cuprocopiapite  (*)Delafossite  (*)Devilline  (*)
Digenite  (*)Dolomite  (*)Dravite  (*)Dwornikite  (*)Enargite  (*)
Erythrite  (*)Ferricopiapite  (*)Fletcherite  (*)Gahnite  (*)Galena  (*)
Glaucophane  (*)Greenockite  (*)Gunningite  (*)Gypsum  (*)Halotrichite  (*)
Heterogenite  (*)Hörnesite  (*)Hydrozincite  (*)Jamborite  (*)Köttigite  (*)
Kurumsakite  (*)Langite  (*)Lavendulan  (*)Linarite  (*)Löllingite  (*)
Mackinawite  (*)Mäkinenite  (*)Malachite  (*)Manganberzeliite  (*)Marcasite  (*)
Melanterite  (*)Miargyrite  (*)Miharaite  (*)Mimetite  (*)Montmorillonite  (*)
Morenosite  (*)Népouite  (*)Nickeline  (*)Nickelskutterudite  (*)Nowackiite  (*)
Olivenite  (*)Opal  (*)Orickite  (*)Gersdorffite-Pa3  (*)Parasymplesite  (*)
Pentlandite  (*)Pharmacolite  (*)Pitticite  (*)Plumbojarosite  (*)Posnjakite  (*)
Pyrite  (*)Pyromorphite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)Quartz  (*)Römerite  (*)
Scorodite  (*)Segnitite  (*)Serpierite  (*)Siderite  (*)Skutterudite  (*)
Smolyaninovite  (*)Spangolite  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Stannite  (*)Sulphur  (*)
Talc  (*)Tennantite-(Fe)  (*)Tenorite  (*)Tschermigite  (*)Wittichenite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Aikinite  (*)MeneghiniteCuPbBiS3405270197947315
Alloclasite  (*)LöllingiteCoAsS40527019794756
Anglesite  (*)BarytePb(SO4)4052701979472734
Ankerite  (*)NoneCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)24052701979473092
Annabergite  (*)VivianiteNi3(AsO4)2·8H2O405270197947445
Antlerite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2+3(SO4)(OH)4405270197947246
Apjohnite  (*)HalotrichiteMn2+Al2(SO4)4·22H2O40527019794728
Aragonite  (*)AragoniteCa(CO3)4052701979473250
Arsenolite  (*)ArsenoliteAs2O3405270197947231
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS405270297947,979489052
Asbolane  (*)Not in a structural groupMn4+(O,OH)2·(Co,Ni,Mg,Ca)x(OH)2x·nH2O405270197947143
Aurichalcite  (*)None(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6405270197947919
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)24052701979475509
Bieberite  (*)MelanteriteCo(SO4)·7H2O40527019794750
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS44052701979475516
Brochantite  (*)BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)64052701979471633
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)40527019794727770
Caledonite  (*)CaledoniteCu2Pb5(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6405270197947359
Carminite  (*)CarminitePbFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2405270197947178
Carrboydite  (*)Woodwardite Hydrotalcite(Ni1-xAlx)(SO4)x/2(OH)2·nH2O (x < 0.5, n > 3x/2)4052701979473
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)4052701979474979
Chalcanthite  (*)ChalcanthiteCu(SO4)·5H2O405270197947925
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S4052701979475707
Chalcophyllite  (*)ChalcophylliteCu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24·36H2O405270197947194
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS2405270297947,9794827198
Chrysocolla  (*)Allophane(Cu2-xAlx)H2-xSi2O5(OH)4·nH2O4052701979473531
Clinoclase  (*)NoneCu3(AsO4)(OH)3405270197947127
Copper  (*)CopperCu4052701979473846
Coquimbite  (*)CoquimbiteAlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12·6H2O405270197947136
Cornwallite  (*)NoneCu5(AsO4)2(OH)4405270197947175
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS4052701979474165
Cubanite  (*)Cubanite WurtziteCuFe2S3405270197947802
Cuprocopiapite  (*)CopiapiteCu2+Fe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2·20H2O40527019794712
Delafossite  (*)NoneCu1+Fe3+O2405270197947144
Devilline  (*)DevillineCaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6·3H2O405270197947366
Digenite  (*)DigeniteCu1.8S4052701979471027
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)24052701979479895
Dravite  (*)TourmalineNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)405270197947648
Dwornikite  (*)KieseriteNi(SO4)·H2O4052701979473
Enargite  (*)Enargite WurtziteCu3AsS4405270197947910
Erythrite  (*)VivianiteCo3(AsO4)2·8H2O405270197947814
Ferricopiapite  (*)CopiapiteFe3+0.67Fe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2·20H2O40527019794741
Fletcherite  (*)SpinelCuNi2S440527019794713
Gahnite  (*)SpinelZnAl2O4405270197947445
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS405270397946,97947,9794824243
Glaucophane  (*)Amphibole   Na2(Mg3Al2)Si8O22(OH)2405270197947286
Greenockite  (*)WurtziteCdS405270197947717
Gunningite  (*)KieseriteZn(SO4)·H2O40527019794748
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O4052701979476890
Halotrichite  (*)HalotrichiteFe2+Al2(SO4)4·22H2O405270197947409
Heterogenite  (*)NoneCo3+O(OH)405270197947111
Hörnesite  (*)VivianiteMg3(AsO4)2·8H2O405270197947103
Hydrozincite  (*)NoneZn5(CO3)2(OH)64052701979471066
Jamborite  (*)HydrotalciteNi2+1-xCo3+x(OH)2-x(SO4)x·nH2O [x ≤ 1/3 n; ≤ (1-x)]40527019794732
Köttigite  (*)VivianiteZn3(AsO4)2·8H2O40527019794760
Kurumsakite  (*)NoneZn8Al8V5+2Si5O35·27H2O (?)4052701979473
Langite  (*)NoneCu4(SO4)(OH)6·2H2O405270197947593
Lavendulan  (*)NoneNaCaCu5(AsO4)4Cl·5H2O405270197947149
Linarite  (*)LinariteCuPb(SO4)(OH)2405270197947987
Löllingite  (*)LöllingiteFeAs2405270197947762
Mackinawite  (*)None(Fe,Ni)1+xS (x = 0-0.07)405270197947451
Mäkinenite  (*)MilleriteNiSe4052701979472
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)240527019794712537
Manganberzeliite  (*)Garnet(NaCa2)Mn2+2(AsO4)340527019794724
Marcasite  (*)MarcasiteFeS24052701979475674
Melanterite  (*)MelanteriteFe(SO4)·7H2O405270197947915
Miargyrite  (*)NoneAgSbS2405270197947300
Miharaite  (*)NonePbCu4FeBiS640527019794719
Mimetite  (*)ApatitePb5(AsO4)3Cl4052701979471107
Montmorillonite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculite(Na,Ca)0.3(Al,Mg)2Si4O10(OH)2·nH2O4052701979471508
Morenosite  (*)EpsomiteNi(SO4)·7H2O40527019794784
Népouite  (*)Serpentine ClayNi3Si2O5(OH)440527019794766
Nickeline  (*)NickelineNiAs405270197947633
Nickelskutterudite  (*)Skutterudite Perovskite(Ni,Co,Fe)As3405270197947176
Nowackiite  (*)NowackiiteCu6Zn3As4S124052701979475
Olivenite  (*)AndalusiteCu2(AsO4)(OH)405270197947492
Opal  (*)AmorphousSiO2·nH2O4052701979472994
Orickite  (*)NoneCuFeS2·nH2O4052701979476
Gersdorffite-Pa3  (*)PyriteNiAsS405270197947767
Parasymplesite  (*)VivianiteFe2+3(AsO4)2·8H2O405270197947124
Pentlandite  (*)Pentlandite(Ni,Fe)9S84052701979471512
Pharmacolite  (*)GypsumCa(AsO3OH)·2H2O405270197947105
Pitticite  (*)None[Fe,AsO4,SO4,H2O] (?)405270197947140
Plumbojarosite  (*)AlunitePb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6405270197947477
Posnjakite  (*)NoneCu4(SO4)(OH)6·H2O405270197947309
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS2405270397946,97947,9794839462
Pyromorphite  (*)ApatitePb5(PO4)3Cl4052701979471725
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S84052701979479056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO2405270397946,97947,9794861156
Römerite  (*)RömeriteFe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4·14H2O405270197947115
Scorodite  (*)NoneFe3+(AsO4)·2H2O4052701979471153
Segnitite  (*)AlunitePbFe3+3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)(OH)6405270197947134
Serpierite  (*)DevillineCa(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6·3H2O405270197947292
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)4052701979476417
Skutterudite  (*)Skutterudite PerovskiteCoAs3405270197947531
Smolyaninovite  (*)SmolyaninoviteCo3Fe3+2(AsO4)4·11H2O40527019794713
Spangolite  (*)SpangoliteCu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl·3H2O405270197947105
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS405270397946,97947,9794821482
Stannite  (*)Stannite SphaleriteCu2FeSnS4405270197947668
Sulphur  (*)SulphurS4052701979472045
Talc  (*)Clay TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)24052701979473337
Tennantite-(Fe)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Fe2)As4S134052701979471803
Tenorite  (*)NoneCuO4052701979471101
Tschermigite  (*)Alum(NH4)Al(SO4)2·12H2O40527019794781
Wittichenite  (*)NoneCu3BiS3405270197947297


1 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Kristen002524405270Hercynian Orogeny     Yes Pb, Zn, Cu, Ag46301Aveiro, PortugalAviero DistrictMarques de Sá et al. (2014)10.1016/j.oregeorev.2014.03.001OGR62_54studied depoists correspond to veins emplaced in E-W fractures, generated late relatively to the Hercynian orogeny

SampleSource LocalityReference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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