Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Clark Mts (Clark Mountain Range), San Bernardino Co., California, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 1563
Youngest recorded age at locality: 1325

mindat Locality ID: 46811
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-46811.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Clark Mts (Clark Mountain Range), San Bernardino Co., California, USA": 136
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 128

Number of Child Localities: 2
Child Localities:
Clark Mountain District (Clark District)
Mountain Pass District

Latitude: 35°31'37"N
Longitude: 115°31'1"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 35.526944444444,-115.51694444444
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au Ba Bi C Ca Ce Cl Cu F Fe H K La Mg Mn Mo Na O P Pb S Sb Si Sr Th Ti W Y Zn Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AdeliteAllaniteAllophaneAluniteAmphiboleAndalusiteApatiteAragoniteArseniosideriteArsenopyrite
BaryteBastnäsiteBrackebuschiteBrochantiteCalciteCarminiteCeriteChalcanthiteChalcophylliteChalcopyrite
ClayClinozoisiteCopperCorundumCyanotrichiteDiasporeEpidoteEpsomiteEttringiteFeldspar
FluoceriteFluoriteGarnetGypsumMalachiteMarcasiteMicaMixiteMonaziteNone
Not in a structural groupOlivineParisitePyritePyroxeneQuartzRocksaltRutileScheeliteSerpentine
Smectite-vermiculiteSphaleriteSpinelStibniteSulphurTalcTetrahedriteTitaniteTurquoiseVesuvianite
Zircon

106 IMA Minerals at location:
Adamite  (*)Aegirine  (*)Aegirine-augite  (*)Agardite-(Y)  (*)Allanite-(Ce)  (*)
Anglesite  (*)Ankerite  (*)Aragonite  (*)Arfvedsonite  (*)Arsenbrackebuschite  (*)
Arseniosiderite  (*)Arsenopyrite  (*)Augite  (*)Aurichalcite  (*)Austinite  (*)
Azurite  (*)Baryte  (*)Bastnäsite-(Ce)  (*)Beaverite-(Cu)  (*)Beudantite  (*)
Brochantite  (*)Calcite  (*)Carminite  (*)Celestine  (*)Cerianite-(Ce)  (*)
Cerite-(Ce)  (*)Cerussite  (*)Chalcanthite  (*)Chalcophanite  (*)Chalcophyllite  (*)
Chalcopyrite  (*)Chalcosiderite  (*)Chlorargyrite  (*)Chrysocolla  (*)Clintonite  (*)
Conichalcite  (*)Copper  (*)Cuprite  (*)Cyanotrichite  (*)Delafossite  (*)
Diopside  (*)Dioptase  (*)Dolomite  (*)Duftite  (*)Epidote  (*)
Epsomite  (*)Fluocerite-(Ce)  (*)Fluorite  (*)Fluorophlogopite  (*)Fraipontite  (*)
Galena  (*)Goethite  (*)Gold  (*)Grossular  (*)Gypsum  (*)
Hematite  (*)Hemimorphite  (*)Hetaerolite  (*)Hidalgoite  (*)Jarosite  (*)
Magnetite  (*)Malachite  (*)Marcasite  (*)Massicot  (*)Microcline  (*)
Mimetite  (*)Mixite  (*)Monazite-(Ce)  (*)Monticellite  (*)Muscovite  (*)
Olivenite  (*)Orthoclase  (*)Parisite-(Ce)  (*)Phlogopite  (*)Plumbojarosite  (*)
Potassic-magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Pyrolusite  (*)Quartz  (*)Rhodochrosite  (*)
Riebeckite  (*)Rosasite  (*)Rutile  (*)Sahamalite-(Ce)  (*)Sauconite  (*)
Scheelite  (*)Scorodite  (*)Siderite  (*)Silver  (*)Smithsonite  (*)
Sphalerite  (*)Spinel  (*)Stibnite  (*)Stromeyerite  (*)Strontianite  (*)
Sulphur  (*)Talc  (*)Tenorite  (*)Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)Thaumasite  (*)
Thorite  (*)Titanite  (*)Tsumebite  (*)Vesuvianite  (*)Wulfenite  (*)
Zircon  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Adamite  (*)AndalusiteZn2(AsO4)(OH)1171292254
Aegirine  (*)PyroxeneNaFe3+Si2O61412132511713171022
Aegirine-augite  (*)Pyroxene(Ca,Na)(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)Si2O6141213251171317286
Agardite-(Y)  (*)MixiteYCu2+6(AsO4)3(OH)6·3H2O117129290
Allanite-(Ce)  (*)Allanite EpidoteCaCe(Al2Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)141213251171317706
Anglesite  (*)BarytePb(SO4)11712922734
Ankerite  (*)NoneCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2156313303171292,171317,1713183092
Aragonite  (*)AragoniteCa(CO3)141213252171292,1713173250
Arfvedsonite  (*)AmphiboleNaNa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2141013961171317295
Arsenbrackebuschite  (*)BrackebuschitePb2(Fe3+,Zn)(AsO4)2(OH,H2O)117129224
Arseniosiderite  (*)ArseniosideriteCa2Fe3+3O2(AsO4)3·3H2O1171292194
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS11712929052
Augite  (*)Pyroxene(Ca,Mg,Fe)2Si2O6141213253171212,171214,1713172060
Aurichalcite  (*)None(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)62171245,171292919
Austinite  (*)AdeliteCaZn(AsO4)(OH)117129271
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)2141213255171211,171212,171261,171292,1713175509
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)1563132516171197,171198,171204,171208,171217,171218,171234,171277,171283,171307,171317,171318,171319,171323,171324,17132511547
Bastnäsite-(Ce)  (*)BastnäsiteCe(CO3)F156313302171317,171318304
Beaverite-(Cu)  (*)AlunitePb(Fe3+2Cu)(SO4)2(OH)61171292132
Beudantite  (*)AlunitePbFe3+3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)61171292413
Brochantite  (*)BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)62171292,1713001633
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)156313304171247,171292,171317,17131827770
Carminite  (*)CarminitePbFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)21171292178
Celestine  (*)BaryteSr(SO4)156313302171317,1713181252
Cerianite-(Ce)  (*)FluoriteCeO215631330117131894
Cerite-(Ce)  (*)Cerite(Ce7Ca2)   Mg(SiO4)3(SiO3OH)4(OH)314121325117131747
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)2171274,1712924979
Chalcanthite  (*)ChalcanthiteCu(SO4)·5H2O2171208,171292925
Chalcophanite  (*)NoneZnMn4+3O7·3H2O1171292197
Chalcophyllite  (*)ChalcophylliteCu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24·36H2O1171292194
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS2141213257171208,171212,171225,171281,171288,171292,17131727198
Chalcosiderite  (*)TurquoiseCuFe3+6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O117129277
Chlorargyrite  (*)RocksaltAgCl2171292,1713041382
Chrysocolla  (*)Allophane(Cu2-xAlx)H2-xSi2O5(OH)4·nH2O2171212,1712923531
Clintonite  (*)Mica ClayCaAlMg2(SiAl3O10)(OH)2117128786
Conichalcite  (*)AdeliteCaCu(AsO4)(OH)1171292363
Copper  (*)CopperCu11712923846
Cuprite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2O11712922970
Cyanotrichite  (*)CyanotrichiteCu4Al2(SO4)(OH)12(H2O)21171274179
Delafossite  (*)NoneCu1+Fe3+O21171292144
Diopside  (*)PyroxeneCaMgSi2O6156313303171212,171214,1713184135
Dioptase  (*)NoneCuSiO3·H2O1171292164
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)2156313255171208,171212,171261,171317,1713199895
Duftite  (*)AdelitePbCu(AsO4)(OH)1171292220
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)1412132511713178173
Epsomite  (*)EpsomiteMg(SO4)·7H2O1171292484
Fluocerite-(Ce)  (*)FluoceriteCeF314121325117131745
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF21412132514171197,171235,171238,171244,171247,171250,171251,171255,171259,171263,171271,171272,171292,1713179617
Fluorophlogopite  (*)MicaKMg3(Si3Al)O10F215631330117131847
Fraipontite  (*)Clay Serpentine(Zn,Al)3(Si,Al)2O5(OH)4117129249
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS141213258171208,171225,171274,171281,171288,171292,171300,17131724243
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)141213253171208,171292,1713177437
Gold  (*)CopperAu4171208,171215,171226,17129230554
Grossular  (*)GarnetCa3Al2(SiO4)311712141544
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O11713026890
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O3141213252171292,17131714640
Hemimorphite  (*)Not in a structural groupZn4(Si2O7)(OH)2·H2O11712921689
Hetaerolite  (*)SpinelZnMn3+2O4117129273
Hidalgoite  (*)AlunitePbAl3(SO4)(AsO4)(OH)6117129257
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)611712922228
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O414121325117131714899
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2141213255171211,171212,171261,171292,17131712537
Marcasite  (*)MarcasiteFeS211712085674
Massicot  (*)NonePbO1171292202
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)156313302171317,1713184924
Mimetite  (*)ApatitePb5(AsO4)3Cl11712921107
Mixite  (*)MixiteCu6Bi(AsO4)3(OH)6·3H2O1171292168
Monazite-(Ce)  (*)MonaziteCe(PO4)141213251171317945
Monticellite  (*)OlivineCaMg(SiO4)2171214,171287153
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)2141213256171208,171238,171247,171251,171300,17131717380
Olivenite  (*)AndalusiteCu2(AsO4)(OH)1171292492
Orthoclase  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)1412132511713172349
Parisite-(Ce)  (*)ParisiteCaCe2(CO3)3F2156313302171317,171318112
Phlogopite  (*)Mica ClayKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)21408139211713172273
Plumbojarosite  (*)AlunitePb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)61171292477
Potassic-magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite  (*)AmphiboleKNa2(Mg4Fe3+)Si8O22F21412132511713178
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS2141213252171208,17131739462
Pyrolusite  (*)RutileMnO211712923106
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO2141213256171208,171215,171226,171292,171300,17131761156
Rhodochrosite  (*)CalciteMn(CO3)2171292,1712981711
Riebeckite  (*)Amphibole   Na2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)Si8O22(OH)2141213251171317375
Rosasite  (*)MalachiteCuZn(CO3)(OH)21171292454
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO21412132511713175614
Sahamalite-(Ce)  (*)NoneCe2Mg(CO3)41412132511713172
Sauconite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculiteNa0.3Zn3(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2·4H2O117129256
Scheelite  (*)ScheeliteCa(WO4)2171207,1712474894
Scorodite  (*)NoneFe3+(AsO4)·2H2O11712921153
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)141213252171208,1713176417
Silver  (*)CopperAg2171208,1712925186
Smithsonite  (*)CalciteZn(CO3)2171274,1712922473
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS4171225,171281,171288,17129221482
Spinel  (*)SpinelMgAl2O411712121934
Stibnite  (*)StibniteSb2S32171213,1712753418
Stromeyerite  (*)NoneCuAgS2171261,171304332
Strontianite  (*)AragoniteSr(CO3)156313251171319589
Sulphur  (*)SulphurS11712922045
Talc  (*)Clay TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)21412132511713173337
Tenorite  (*)NoneCuO1412132511713171101
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S131412132511713175317
Thaumasite  (*)EttringiteCa3Si(OH)6(CO3)(SO4)·12H2O1171214183
Thorite  (*)ZirconTh(SiO4)1412132511713171006
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O1412132511713174899
Tsumebite  (*)BrackebuschitePb2Cu(PO4)(SO4)(OH)117129232
Vesuvianite  (*)Vesuvianite(Ca,Na)19(Al,Mg,Fe)13(SiO4)10(Si2O7)4(OH,F,O)1011712871395
Wulfenite  (*)ScheelitePbMoO41412132511713171655
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)1330133011713175251


Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:
Age IDLocality Notes
Jen_0000128carbonatite
Jen_0001041MAGMATIC STYLE: Irregular sheet, dykes and veins. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Potassic shonkinite, syenite, granite and fenite.
Jen_0001042MAGMATIC STYLE: Irregular sheet, dykes and veins. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Potassic shonkinite, syenite, granite and fenite.
Jen_0001043MAGMATIC STYLE: Irregular sheet, dykes and veins. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Potassic shonkinite, syenite, granite and fenite.
Jen_0001044MAGMATIC STYLE: Irregular sheet, dykes and veins. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Potassic shonkinite, syenite, granite and fenite.
Jen_0001045MAGMATIC STYLE: Irregular sheet, dykes and veins. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Potassic shonkinite, syenite, granite and fenite.
Jen_0001046MAGMATIC STYLE: Irregular sheet, dykes and veins. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Potassic shonkinite, syenite, granite and fenite.
Michelle_0261_aSahamalite occurs in the Sulphide Queen Mine of the Mountain Pass Deposit, closely associated with parisite and bastnaesite (as described in reference).
Michelle_0262_bLocality described as "Mountain Pass Carbonatite and Alkalic Igneous Rocks." Mountain Pass Carbonatite is one of the largest sources of REE in the world. The carbonatite intrudes into gneiss, containing REE, Au, Ag, Pb and baryte.
Michelle_0263_cLocality described as "Mountain Pass Carbonatite and Alkalic Igneous Rocks." Mountain Pass Carbonatite is one of the largest sources of REE in the world. The carbonatite intrudes into gneiss, containing REE, Au, Ag, Pb and baryte.
Michelle_0264_dLocality described as "Mountain Pass Carbonatite and Alkalic Igneous Rocks." Mountain Pass Carbonatite is one of the largest sources of REE in the world. The carbonatite intrudes into gneiss, containing REE, Au, Ag, Pb and baryte.
Michelle_0265_eLocality described as "Mountain Pass Carbonatite and Alkalic Igneous Rocks." Mountain Pass Carbonatite is one of the largest sources of REE in the world. The carbonatite intrudes into gneiss, containing REE, Au, Ag, Pb and baryte.
Michelle_0266_fLocality described as "Mountain Pass Carbonatite and Alkalic Igneous Rocks." Mountain Pass Carbonatite is one of the largest sources of REE in the world. The carbonatite intrudes into gneiss, containing REE, Au, Ag, Pb and baryte.


13 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Jen_00001281436.0711435.9291436±0.071Pb-Th       272976Mountain Pass, Mountain Pass District, Clark Mts (Clark Mountain Range), San Bernardino Co., California, USAMountain Pass Carbonatite - Syenite Complex, CaliforniaAnderson (1983)10.1130/MEM161-p133GSAM161_133anorogenic
Jen_0001041141514151415        272976Mountain Pass, Mountain Pass District, Clark Mts (Clark Mountain Range), San Bernardino Co., California, USAMountain PassWoolley and Kjarsgaard (2008)10.4095/225115GSCOF5796 
Jen_0001042147514051440±35K-Ar       272976Mountain Pass, Mountain Pass District, Clark Mts (Clark Mountain Range), San Bernardino Co., California, USAMountain PassWoolley and Kjarsgaard (2008)10.4095/225115GSCOF5796 
Jen_0001043142013501385±35K-Ar       272976Mountain Pass, Mountain Pass District, Clark Mts (Clark Mountain Range), San Bernardino Co., California, USAMountain PassWoolley and Kjarsgaard (2008)10.4095/225115GSCOF5796 
Jen_0001044143013301380±50Rb-Sr       272976Mountain Pass, Mountain Pass District, Clark Mts (Clark Mountain Range), San Bernardino Co., California, USAMountain PassWoolley and Kjarsgaard (2008)10.4095/225115GSCOF5796 
Jen_0001045153013701450±80Rb-Sr       272976Mountain Pass, Mountain Pass District, Clark Mts (Clark Mountain Range), San Bernardino Co., California, USAMountain PassWoolley and Kjarsgaard (2008)10.4095/225115GSCOF5796 
Jen_0001046156314831523±40U-Pb galena   Galena  272976Mountain Pass, Mountain Pass District, Clark Mts (Clark Mountain Range), San Bernardino Co., California, USAMountain PassWoolley and Kjarsgaard (2008)10.4095/225115GSCOF5796 
Michelle_0261_a133913251332±7Th-PbAge of carbonatiteparisite     11616Mountain Pass Mine (Mountain Pass Deposit; Mountain Pass Mine And Mill; Bastnaesite Deposit; Bastnäsite Deposit; Mountain Pass Carbonatite), Mountain Pass, Mountain Pass District, Clark Mts (Clark Mountain Range), San Bernardino Co., California, USAMountain PassDeWitt et al. (1987) APGSA19_642Age of carbonatite. Emplacement of carbonatite was the final event in the intrusion of the 1400 ma complex. Clear parisite coexists with younger bastnaesite in sample.
Michelle_0262_b141214081410±2U-PbAge of early shonkitite intrusionapatite     11616Mountain Pass Mine (Mountain Pass Deposit; Mountain Pass Mine And Mill; Bastnaesite Deposit; Bastnäsite Deposit; Mountain Pass Carbonatite), Mountain Pass, Mountain Pass District, Clark Mts (Clark Mountain Range), San Bernardino Co., California, USAMountain PassDeWitt et al. (1987) APGSA19_642Age of early shonkitite intrusion. According to field relationships, this is the first of three stages of intrusions.
Michelle_0263_c140813921400±8Ar-ArAge of early shonkitite intrusionphlogopite   Phlogopite  11616Mountain Pass Mine (Mountain Pass Deposit; Mountain Pass Mine And Mill; Bastnaesite Deposit; Bastnäsite Deposit; Mountain Pass Carbonatite), Mountain Pass, Mountain Pass District, Clark Mts (Clark Mountain Range), San Bernardino Co., California, USAMountain PassDeWitt et al. (1987) APGSA19_642Age of early shonkitite intrusion. According to field relationships, this is the first of three stages of intrusions.
Michelle_0264_d141013961403±7Ar-ArAge of syenite and granitic intrusionarfvedsonite   Arfvedsonite  11616Mountain Pass Mine (Mountain Pass Deposit; Mountain Pass Mine And Mill; Bastnaesite Deposit; Bastnäsite Deposit; Mountain Pass Carbonatite), Mountain Pass, Mountain Pass District, Clark Mts (Clark Mountain Range), San Bernardino Co., California, USAMountain PassDeWitt et al. (1987) APGSA19_642Age of syenite and granitic intrusion. According to field relationships, this is the second of three stages of intrusions.
Michelle_0265_e13301330<1330Pb-PbAge of syenite and granitic intrusionzircon   Zircon  11616Mountain Pass Mine (Mountain Pass Deposit; Mountain Pass Mine And Mill; Bastnaesite Deposit; Bastnäsite Deposit; Mountain Pass Carbonatite), Mountain Pass, Mountain Pass District, Clark Mts (Clark Mountain Range), San Bernardino Co., California, USAMountain PassDeWitt et al. (1987) APGSA19_642Age of syenite and granitic intrusion. According to field relationships, this is the second of three stages of intrusions. Ages from zircon are described as "highly discordant" and not made significantly older by abrasion techniques.
Michelle_0266_f138213681375±7Th-PbAge of carbonate bodies, dikes and veins intrusionsmonazite     11616Mountain Pass Mine (Mountain Pass Deposit; Mountain Pass Mine And Mill; Bastnaesite Deposit; Bastnäsite Deposit; Mountain Pass Carbonatite), Mountain Pass, Mountain Pass District, Clark Mts (Clark Mountain Range), San Bernardino Co., California, USAMountain PassDeWitt et al. (1987) APGSA19_642Age of carbonate bodies, dikes and veins intrusions. According to field relationships, this is the last of the three stages of intrusions.

SampleSource LocalityReference URL
R061062Mohawk Mine (Clark Station Mine; Pactolus Mine; Wilshire Prospect), Mohawk Hill, Clark Mountain District (Clark District), Clark Mts (Clark Mountain Range), San Bernardino Co., California, USAhttps://rruff.info/R061062
FKM-118Mountain Pass Mine (Mountain Pass Deposit; Mountain Pass Mine And Mill; Bastnaesite Deposit; Bastnäsite Deposit; Mountain Pass Carbonatite), Mountain Pass, Mountain Pass District, Clark Mts (Clark Mountain Range), San Bernardino Co., California, USAhttps://www.rockptx.com/fkm-101-to-fkm-125/#FKM-118
R080043Mountain Pass Mine (Mountain Pass Deposit; Mountain Pass Mine And Mill; Bastnaesite Deposit; Bastnäsite Deposit; Mountain Pass Carbonatite), Mountain Pass, Mountain Pass District, Clark Mts (Clark Mountain Range), San Bernardino Co., California, USAhttps://rruff.info/R080043

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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