Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Amorphous	Amphibole	Analcime	Apatite	Aragonite	Baryte	Bastnäsite	Brookite	Calcite	Cancrinite
Cerite	Chalcopyrite	Clay	Clinozoisite	Corundum	Diaspore	Epidote	Feldspar	Fluorite	Garnet
Hydrotalcite	Melilite	Mica	Monazite	Natrolite	None	Not in a structural group	Olivine	Parisite	Perovskite
Pyrite	Pyroxene	Quartz	Rhabdophane	Rocksalt	Rutile	Smectite-vermiculite	Sphalerite	Spinel	Staurolite
Titanite	Tridymite	Vesuvianite	Wollastonite	Zircon

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al Ba C Ca Ce Cl Co Cu F Fe H K La Li Mg Mn Na Ni O P Pb S Si Sr Th Ti V Y Zn Zr

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al Fe H O Si

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Amorphous Amphibole Analcime Apatite Aragonite Baryte Bastnäsite Brookite Calcite Cancrinite
Cerite Chalcopyrite Clay Clinozoisite Corundum Diaspore Epidote Feldspar Fluorite Garnet
Hydrotalcite Melilite Mica Monazite Natrolite None Not in a structural group Olivine Parisite Perovskite
Pyrite Pyroxene Quartz Rhabdophane Rocksalt Rutile Smectite-vermiculite Sphalerite Spinel Staurolite
Titanite Tridymite Vesuvianite Wollastonite Zircon

77 IMA Minerals at location:

Aegirine ()*	Åkermanite ()*	Albite ()*	Analcime ()*	Anatase ()*
Andradite ()*	Augite ()*	Baryte ()*	Bastnäsite-(Ce) ()*	Britholite-(Ce) ()*
Britholite-(Y) ()*	Brookite ()*	Brugnatellite ()*	Calcite ()*	Cancrinite ()*
Cebollite ()*	Cerite-(Ce) ()*	Chalcopyrite ()*	Diopside ()*	Dolomite ()*
Epidote ()*	Fluorapatite ()*	Fluorite ()*	Galena ()*	Gehlenite ()*
Goethite ()*	Grayite ()*	Hastingsite ()*	Hematite ()*	Hydroxylapatite ()*
Ilmenite ()*	Juanite ()*	Kyanite ()*	Magnesio-arfvedsonite ()*	Magnesio-hornblende ()*
Magnesite ()*	Magnetite ()*	Microcline ()*	Monazite-(Ce) ()*	Monticellite ()*
Muscovite ()*	Natrolite ()*	Nepheline ()*	Norsethite ()*	Opal ()*
Orthoclase ()*	Parisite-(Ce) ()*	Perovskite ()*	Phlogopite ()*	Piemontite ()*
Pyrite ()*	Pyrophanite ()*	Quartz ()*	Rhabdophane-(Ce) ()*	Richterite ()*
Riebeckite ()*	Rutile ()*	Schorlomite ()*	Siderite ()*	Siegenite ()*
Sphalerite ()*	Spinel ()*	Staurolite ()*	Strontianite ()*	Synchysite-(Ce) ()*
Tainiolite ()*	Thorite ()*	Titanite ()*	Tremolite ()*	Vanadinite ()*
Vermiculite ()*	Vesuvianite ()*	Winchite ()*	Wollastonite ()*	Xenotime-(Y) ()*
Zircon ()*	Zoisite ()*

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Aegirine ()*	Pyroxene	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆	589	510	1	190151	1022
Åkermanite ()*	Melilite	Ca₂MgSi₂O₇	589	510	1	190151	50
Albite ()*	Feldspar	Na(AlSi₃O₈)	589	510	1	190151	8803
Analcime ()*	Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆)·H₂O	589	510	1	190151	1627
Anatase ()*	Not in a structural group	TiO₂	589	510	1	190151	2162
Andradite ()*	Garnet	Ca₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃	589	510	2	190150,190151	1534
Augite ()*	Pyroxene	(Ca,Mg,Fe)₂Si₂O₆	589	510	3	190148,190151,190175	2060
Baryte ()*	Baryte	Ba(SO₄)	589	510	18	190151,190158,190159,190160,190161,190162,190163,190164,190165,190166,190167,190168,190169,190170,190171,190172,190173,190174	11547
Bastnäsite-(Ce) ()*	Bastnäsite	Ce(CO₃)F	589	510	1	190151	304
Britholite-(Ce) ()*	Apatite	(Ce,Ca)₅(SiO₄)₃(OH)	589	510	1	190151	115
Britholite-(Y) ()*	Apatite	(Y,Ca)₅(SiO₄)₃(OH)	589	510	1	190151	28
Brookite ()*	Brookite	TiO₂	589	510	1	190151	700
Brugnatellite ()*	Hydrotalcite	Mg₆Fe³⁺(CO₃)(OH)₁₃·4H₂O	589	510	1	190151	32
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)	589	510	3	190148,190151,190167	27770
Cancrinite ()*	Cancrinite	(Na,Ca, )₈(Al₆Si₆)O₂₄(CO₃,SO₄)₂·2H₂O	589	510	1	190151	232
Cebollite ()*	Melilite	Ca₅Al₂(SiO₄)₃(OH)₄	589	510	2	190148,190151	13
Cerite-(Ce) ()*	Cerite	(Ce₇Ca₂) Mg(SiO₄)₃(SiO₃OH)₄(OH)₃	589	510	1	190151	47
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂	589	510	18	190151,190158,190159,190160,190161,190162,190163,190164,190165,190166,190167,190168,190169,190170,190171,190172,190173,190174	27198
Diopside ()*	Pyroxene	CaMgSi₂O₆	570	570	1	190151	4135
Dolomite ()*	None	CaMg(CO₃)₂	589	510	1	190151	9895
Epidote ()*	Epidote Clinozoisite	Ca₂(Al₂Fe³⁺)[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)			1	190146	8173
Fluorapatite ()*	Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F	570	570	1	190151	2740
Fluorite ()*	Fluorite	CaF₂	589	510	18	190151,190158,190159,190160,190161,190162,190163,190164,190165,190166,190167,190168,190169,190170,190171,190172,190173,190174	9617
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS	589	510	17	190151,190158,190160,190161,190162,190163,190164,190165,190166,190167,190168,190169,190170,190171,190172,190173,190174	24243
Gehlenite ()*	Melilite	Ca₂Al(SiAl)O₇	589	510	1	190151	114
Goethite ()*	Diaspore	FeO(OH)	589	510	16	190151,190158,190159,190160,190161,190162,190163,190164,190165,190166,190169,190170,190171,190172,190173,190174	7437
Grayite ()*	Rhabdophane	(Th,Pb,Ca)(PO₄)·H₂O	589	510	1	190151	17
Hastingsite ()*	Amphibole	NaCa₂(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂	589	510	1	190151	209
Hematite ()*	Corundum	Fe₂O₃	589	510	16	190151,190158,190159,190160,190161,190162,190163,190164,190165,190166,190169,190170,190171,190172,190173,190174	14640
Hydroxylapatite ()*	Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃OH	589	510	1	190151	367
Ilmenite ()*	Corundum	Fe²⁺Ti⁴⁺O₃	570	570	2	190148,190151	5433
Juanite ()*	None	Ca₁₀(Mg,Fe²⁺)₄(Si,Al)₁₃(O,OH)₃₉·4H₂O (?)	589	510	1	190151	4
Kyanite ()*	Not in a structural group	Al₂OSiO₄	589	510	0		1507
Magnesio-arfvedsonite ()*	Amphibole	NaNa₂(Mg₄Fe³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	589	510	1	190151	79
Magnesio-hornblende ()*	Amphibole	Ca₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂	589	510	1	190151	238
Magnesite ()*	Calcite	Mg(CO₃)	589	510	1	190151	1487
Magnetite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	570	570	18	190148,190151,190155,190158,190159,190160,190161,190162,190163,190164,190165,190166,190169,190170,190171,190172,190173,190174	14899
Microcline ()*	Feldspar	K(AlSi₃O₈)	589	510	1	190151	4924
Monazite-(Ce) ()*	Monazite	Ce(PO₄)	589	510	1	190151	945
Monticellite ()*	Olivine	CaMg(SiO₄)	589	510	1	190151	153
Muscovite ()*	Mica Clay	KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂	589	510	1	190151	17380
Natrolite ()*	Natrolite	Na₂(Si₃Al₂)O₁₀·2H₂O	589	510	1	190151	1236
Nepheline ()*	Tridymite	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)	589	510	1	190151	884
Norsethite ()*	None	BaMg(CO₃)₂	589	510	1	190151	30
Opal ()*	Amorphous	SiO₂·nH₂O			1	190143	2994
Orthoclase ()*	Feldspar	K(AlSi₃O₈)	589	510	2	190150,190151	2349
Parisite-(Ce) ()*	Parisite	CaCe₂(CO₃)₃F₂	589	510	1	190151	112
Perovskite ()*	Perovskite	CaTiO₃	589	510	2	190151,190155	495
Phlogopite ()*	Mica Clay	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂	570	570	3	190151,190167,190168	2273
Piemontite ()*	Epidote	Ca₂(Al₂Mn³⁺)[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)	589	510	1	190151	260
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	589	510	18	190151,190158,190159,190160,190161,190162,190163,190164,190165,190166,190167,190168,190169,190170,190171,190172,190173,190174	39462
Pyrophanite ()*	Corundum	Mn²⁺TiO₃	589	510	1	190151	244
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	589	510	17	190143,190151,190158,190159,190160,190161,190162,190163,190164,190165,190166,190169,190170,190171,190172,190173,190174	61156
Rhabdophane-(Ce) ()*	Rhabdophane	Ce(PO₄)·H₂O	589	510	1	190151	66
Richterite ()*	Amphibole	Na(NaCa)Mg₅Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	589	510	1	190151	148
Riebeckite ()*	Amphibole	Na₂(Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	589	510	1	190151	375
Rutile ()*	Rutile	TiO₂	589	510	16	190151,190158,190159,190160,190161,190162,190163,190164,190165,190166,190169,190170,190171,190172,190173,190174	5614
Schorlomite ()*	Garnet	Ca₃Ti₂(SiFe³⁺₂)O₁₂	589	510	1	190151	54
Siderite ()*	Calcite	Fe(CO₃)	589	510	3	190151,190167,190168	6417
Siegenite ()*	Spinel	CoNi₂S₄	589	510	1	190151	249
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS	589	510	18	190151,190158,190159,190160,190161,190162,190163,190164,190165,190166,190167,190168,190169,190170,190171,190172,190173,190174	21482
Spinel ()*	Spinel	MgAl₂O₄	589	510	1	190151	1934
Staurolite ()*	Staurolite	Fe²⁺₂Al₉Si₄O₂₃(OH)	589	510	0		978
Strontianite ()*	Aragonite	Sr(CO₃)	589	510	1	190151	589
Synchysite-(Ce) ()*	None	CaCe(CO₃)₂F	589	510	1	190151	232
Tainiolite ()*	Mica	KLiMg₂Si₄O₁₀F₂	589	510	1	190151	40
Thorite ()*	Zircon	Th(SiO₄)	589	510	20	190147,190149,190151,190158,190159,190160,190161,190162,190163,190164,190165,190166,190167,190168,190169,190170,190171,190172,190173,190174	1006
Titanite ()*	Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O	550	550	1	190151	4899
Tremolite ()*	Amphibole	Ca₂(Mg_5.0-4.5Fe²⁺_0.0-0.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	589	510	1	190151	2562
Vanadinite ()*	Apatite	Pb₅(VO₄)₃Cl	589	510	1	190151	605
Vermiculite ()*	Clay Smectite-vermiculite	Mg_0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)₆(Si,Al)₈O₂₀(OH)₄·8H₂O	589	510	3	190151,190153,190154	652
Vesuvianite ()*	Vesuvianite	(Ca,Na)₁₉(Al,Mg,Fe)₁₃(SiO₄)₁₀(Si₂O₇)₄(OH,F,O)₁₀	589	510	2	190148,190151	1395
Winchite ()*	Amphibole	(NaCa)(Mg₄Al)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	589	510	1	190151	51
Wollastonite ()*	Wollastonite	CaSiO₃	589	510	1	190151	1247
Xenotime-(Y) ()*	Zircon	Y(PO₄)	589	510	1	190151	939
Zircon ()*	Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)	589	510	1	190151	5251
Zoisite ()*	Epidote	Ca₂Al₃[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)	589	510	3	190146,190148,190151	1025

Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:

Age ID	Locality Notes
Jen_0000931	MAGMATIC STYLE: Plug and dykes. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Pyroxenite, melilitolite, ijolite, nepheline syenite, fenite.
Jen_0000932	MAGMATIC STYLE: Plug and dykes. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Pyroxenite, melilitolite, ijolite, nepheline syenite, fenite.
Jen_0000933	MAGMATIC STYLE: Plug and dykes. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Pyroxenite, melilitolite, ijolite, nepheline syenite, fenite.

6 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Sample Source	Dated Mineral	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID
Alexandra-0394	570	570	570		Age of carbonatite complex			Diopside, Fluorapatite, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Phlogopite, Titanite	3632	Iron Hill (Iron Hill Carbonatite Complex), White Earth District (Powderhorn District), Gunnison Co., Colorado, USA	Iron Hill	Van Gosen (2009)		USGSOFR2009_1005
Alexandra-0395	510	510	510		Age of diabase dikes				3632	Iron Hill (Iron Hill Carbonatite Complex), White Earth District (Powderhorn District), Gunnison Co., Colorado, USA	Iron Hill	Van Gosen (2009)		USGSOFR2009_1005
Jen_0000931	589	569	579±10	Rb-Sr		mica			3632	Iron Hill (Iron Hill Carbonatite Complex), White Earth District (Powderhorn District), Gunnison Co., Colorado, USA	Iron Hill	Woolley and Kjarsgaard (2008)	10.4095/225115	GSCOF5796
Jen_0000932	570	570	570	K-Ar					3632	Iron Hill (Iron Hill Carbonatite Complex), White Earth District (Powderhorn District), Gunnison Co., Colorado, USA	Iron Hill	Woolley and Kjarsgaard (2008)	10.4095/225115	GSCOF5796
Jen_0000933	550	550	550	fission-track		titanite	Titanite		3632	Iron Hill (Iron Hill Carbonatite Complex), White Earth District (Powderhorn District), Gunnison Co., Colorado, USA	Iron Hill	Woolley and Kjarsgaard (2008)	10.4095/225115	GSCOF5796
ree-00659	570	570	Cambrian-- 570 Ma						113911	Iron Hill Area (Big Iron Hill; Du Pont Adit), White Earth District (Powderhorn District), Gunnison Co., Colorado, USA	Iron Hill (Powderhorn, Cebolla Creek)	Orris and Grauch (2002)		USGSOFR02_189

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...