Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

Locality Name:
Vergenoeg Mine, Pretoria District (Tshwane District), Gauteng, South Africa

Oldest recorded age at locality: 1590
Youngest recorded age at locality: 1210

mindat Locality ID: 56211
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-56211.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Vergenoeg Mine, Pretoria District (Tshwane District), Gauteng, South Africa": 0
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 0

Latitude: 25°15'24"S
Longitude: 28°34'50"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): -25.256666666667,28.580555555556

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Allophane	Alunite	Amorphous	Amphibole	Andalusite	Apatite	Aragonite	Arsenopyrite	Autunite	Baryte
Brochantite	Calcite	Chalcanthite	Chalcopyrite	Chlorite	Clay	Coronadite	Corundum	Covellite	Diaspore
Feldspar	Fluocerite	Fluorite	Gypsum	Kaolinite	Lepidocrocite	Malachite	Marcasite	Mica	Mixite
Molybdenite	Monazite	Nickeline	None	Not in a structural group	Olivine	Pentlandite	Pyrite	Pyrosmalite	Quartz
Rocksalt	Rutile	Serpentine	Sphalerite	Spinel	Stilpnomelane	Sulphur	Tetrahedrite	Titanite	Tourmaline
Zircon

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al As B Ba Bi C Ca Ce Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn Mo N Na Ni O P Pb S Sb Si Sn Ti U Y Zn

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al As B Ba Bi C Ca Ce Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn Mo N Na Ni O P Pb S Sb Si Sn Ti U Y Zn

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Allophane Alunite Amorphous Amphibole Andalusite Apatite Aragonite Arsenopyrite Autunite Baryte
Brochantite Calcite Chalcanthite Chalcopyrite Chlorite Clay Coronadite Corundum Covellite Diaspore
Feldspar Fluocerite Fluorite Gypsum Kaolinite Lepidocrocite Malachite Marcasite Mica Mixite
Molybdenite Monazite Nickeline None Not in a structural group Olivine Pentlandite Pyrite Pyrosmalite Quartz
Rocksalt Rutile Serpentine Sphalerite Spinel Stilpnomelane Sulphur Tetrahedrite Titanite Tourmaline
Zircon

71 IMA Minerals at location:

Arsenopyrite ()*	Aurichalcite ()*	Autunite ()*	Azurite ()*	Baryte ()*
Beudantite ()*	Bornite ()*	Brochantite ()*	Cacoxenite ()*	Calcite ()*
Cassiterite ()*	Cerianite-(Ce) ()*	Cerussite ()*	Chalcanthite ()*	Chalcocite ()*
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chamosite ()*	Chrysocolla ()*	Clinochlore ()*	Covellite ()*
Cryptomelane ()*	Cuprite ()*	Diaspore ()*	Dioptase ()*	Doyleite ()*
Fayalite ()*	Ferro-actinolite ()*	Fluocerite-(Ce) ()*	Fluorapatite ()*	Fluorite ()*
Galena ()*	Gearksutite ()*	Goethite ()*	Greenalite ()*	Grunerite ()*
Gypsum ()*	Hematite ()*	Hollandite ()*	Ilmenite ()*	Jarosite ()*
Kaolinite ()*	Koechlinite ()*	Lepidocrocite ()*	Maghemite ()*	Magnetite ()*
Malachite ()*	Marcasite ()*	Microcline ()*	Mixite ()*	Molybdenite ()*
Monazite-(Ce) ()*	Muscovite ()*	Nitrocalcite ()*	Olivenite ()*	Opal ()*
Pentlandite ()*	Petersite-(Y) ()*	Prosopite ()*	Pyrite ()*	Pyrolusite ()*
Pyrosmalite-(Fe) ()*	Pyrrhotite ()*	Quartz ()*	Schorl ()*	Siderite ()*
Sphalerite ()*	Stilpnomelane ()*	Sulphur ()*	Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*	Titanite ()*
Xenotime-(Y) ()*

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of localities containing mineral
Arsenopyrite ()*	Arsenopyrite	FeAsS	1590	1210	9052
Aurichalcite ()*	None	(Zn,Cu)₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆	1590	1210	919
Autunite ()*	Autunite	Ca(UO₂)₂(PO₄)₂·10-12H₂O	1590	1210	1272
Azurite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂	1590	1210	5509
Baryte ()*	Baryte	Ba(SO₄)	1590	1210	11547
Beudantite ()*	Alunite	PbFe³⁺₃(AsO₄)(SO₄)(OH)₆	1590	1210	413
Bornite ()*	None	Cu₅FeS₄	1590	1210	5516
Brochantite ()*	Brochantite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆	1590	1210	1633
Cacoxenite ()*	None	Fe³⁺₂₄AlO₆(PO₄)₁₇(OH)₁₂·75H₂O	1590	1210	280
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)	1590	1210	27770
Cassiterite ()*	Rutile	SnO₂	1590	1210	5171
Cerianite-(Ce) ()*	Fluorite	CeO₂	1590	1210	94
Cerussite ()*	Aragonite	Pb(CO₃)	1590	1210	4979
Chalcanthite ()*	Chalcanthite	Cu(SO₄)·5H₂O	1590	1210	925
Chalcocite ()*	None	Cu₂S	1590	1210	5707
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂	1590	1210	27198
Chamosite ()*	Chlorite Clay	(Fe²⁺,Mg,Al,Fe³⁺)₆(Si,Al)₄O₁₀(OH,O)₈	1590	1210	577
Chrysocolla ()*	Allophane	(Cu_2-xAl_x)H_2-xSi₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O	1590	1210	3531
Clinochlore ()*	Chlorite Clay	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈	1590	1210	1756
Covellite ()*	Covellite	CuS	1590	1210	4165
Cryptomelane ()*	Coronadite	K(Mn⁴⁺₇Mn³⁺)O₁₆	1590	1210	599
Cuprite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₂O	1590	1210	2970
Diaspore ()*	Diaspore	AlO(OH)	1590	1210	481
Dioptase ()*	None	CuSiO₃·H₂O	1590	1210	164
Doyleite ()*	None	Al(OH)₃	1590	1210	15
Fayalite ()*	Olivine	Fe²⁺₂(SiO₄)	1590	1210	371
Ferro-actinolite ()*	Amphibole	Ca₂(Mg_2.5-0.0Fe²⁺_2.5-5.0)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	1590	1210	129
Fluocerite-(Ce) ()*	Fluocerite	CeF₃	1590	1210	45
Fluorapatite ()*	Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F	1590	1210	2740
Fluorite ()*	Fluorite	CaF₂	1590	1210	9617
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS	1590	1210	24243
Gearksutite ()*	None	CaAlF₄(OH)·H₂O	1590	1210	68
Goethite ()*	Diaspore	FeO(OH)	1590	1210	7437
Greenalite ()*	Clay Serpentine	(Fe²⁺,Fe³⁺)_2-3Si₂O₅(OH)₄	1590	1210	61
Grunerite ()*	Amphibole	Fe²⁺₂Fe²⁺₅Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	1590	1210	223
Gypsum ()*	Gypsum	Ca(SO₄)·2H₂O	1590	1210	6890
Hematite ()*	Corundum	Fe₂O₃	1590	1210	14640
Hollandite ()*	Coronadite	Ba(Mn⁴⁺₆Mn³⁺₂)O₁₆	1590	1210	243
Ilmenite ()*	Corundum	Fe²⁺Ti⁴⁺O₃	1590	1210	5433
Jarosite ()*	Alunite	KFe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	1590	1210	2228
Kaolinite ()*	Clay Kaolinite	Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄	1590	1210	5591
Koechlinite ()*	None	Bi₂MoO₆	1590	1210	39
Lepidocrocite ()*	Lepidocrocite	Fe³⁺O(OH)	1590	1210	581
Maghemite ()*	Spinel	(Fe³⁺_0.67 _0.33)Fe³⁺₂O₄	1590	1210	229
Magnetite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	1590	1210	14899
Malachite ()*	Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂	1590	1210	12537
Marcasite ()*	Marcasite	FeS₂	1590	1210	5674
Microcline ()*	Feldspar	K(AlSi₃O₈)	1590	1210	4924
Mixite ()*	Mixite	Cu₆Bi(AsO₄)₃(OH)₆·3H₂O	1590	1210	168
Molybdenite ()*	Molybdenite	MoS₂	1590	1210	5800
Monazite-(Ce) ()*	Monazite	Ce(PO₄)	1590	1210	945
Muscovite ()*	Mica Clay	KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂	1590	1210	17380
Nitrocalcite ()*	None	Ca(NO₃)₂·4H₂O	1590	1210	46
Olivenite ()*	Andalusite	Cu₂(AsO₄)(OH)	1590	1210	492
Opal ()*	Amorphous	SiO₂·nH₂O	1590	1210	2994
Pentlandite ()*	Pentlandite	(Ni,Fe)₉S₈	1590	1210	1512
Petersite-(Y) ()*	Mixite	Cu₆Y(PO₄)₃(OH)₆·3H₂O	1590	1210	8
Prosopite ()*	None	CaAl₂F₄(OH)₄	1590	1210	39
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	1590	1210	39462
Pyrolusite ()*	Rutile	MnO₂	1590	1210	3106
Pyrosmalite-(Fe) ()*	Pyrosmalite Clay	Fe²⁺₈Si₆O₁₅(OH)₁₀	1590	1210	38
Pyrrhotite ()*	Nickeline	Fe₇S₈	1590	1210	9056
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	1590	1210	61156
Schorl ()*	Tourmaline	NaFe²⁺₃Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH)	1590	1210	2705
Siderite ()*	Calcite	Fe(CO₃)	1590	1210	6417
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS	1590	1210	21482
Stilpnomelane ()*	Stilpnomelane Clay	(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)₈(Si,Al)₁₂(O,OH)₃₆·nH₂O	1590	1210	456
Sulphur ()*	Sulphur	S	1590	1210	2045
Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*	Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄Zn₂)Sb₄S₁₃	1590	1210	5317
Titanite ()*	Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O	1590	1210	4899
Xenotime-(Y) ()*	Zircon	Y(PO₄)	1590	1210	939

1 Ages assigned to this locality:

	Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Prioritized?	Sample Source	Sample Num	Run Num	Age from other Locality	Dated Mineral	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
	Mo-00272	1590	1210		U-Pb								Koechlinite, Molybdenite	Mo	56211	Vergenoeg Mine, Pretoria District (Tshwane District), Gauteng, South Africa		Coertze et al. (1978); Crocker (1985); Walraven (1988)

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...