Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Pilanesberg Alkaline Complex, Bojanala Platinum District, North West, South Africa

Oldest recorded age at locality: 2500
Youngest recorded age at locality: 541

mindat Locality ID: 69688
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-69688.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Pilanesberg Alkaline Complex, Bojanala Platinum District, North West, South Africa": 10
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 9

Number of Child Localities: 5
Child Localities:
Chrome Eden Mine
Horizon Chrome Mine
Kruidfontein
Pilanesberg Mtn
Ruighoek Mine

Latitude: 24°57'38"S
Longitude: 27°18'34"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): -24.960555555556,27.309444444444
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al As Ba Be C Ca Ce Cl Co Cr Cu F Fe H K La Mg Mn Na Nb Ni O P Pb Pt REE S Si Sr Ta Th Ti U Y Zn Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al As Ba C Ca Ce Cl Co F Fe H K La Mg Mn Na Nb O P Pb REE S Si Sr Th Ti U Y Zn Zr 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AllaniteAmorphousAmphiboleAnalcimeAncyliteApatiteAragoniteArsenopyriteAstrophylliteBaddeleyite
BaryteBastnäsiteBruciteCalciteCancriniteCancrinite-sodaliteCatapleiiteCeriteChalcopyriteChevkinite
ClayCobaltiteColumbiteCoronaditeCorundumCubaniteEpidoteEpsomiteEudialyteFeldspar
FluoriteIlvaiteLöllingiteMicaMonaziteNatroliteNickelineNoneOlivineParalstonite
ParisitePectolitePentlanditePerovskitePyritePyroxeneQuartzRetzianRocksaltRutile
SapphirineScheeliteSodaliteSphaleriteSpinelTitaniteTridymiteWurtziteWöhleriteZircon

108 IMA Minerals at location:
Aegirine  (*)Aenigmatite  (*)Albite  (*)Allanite-(Ce)  (*)Allanite-(La)  (*)
Analcime  (*)Ancylite-(Ce)  (*)Ankerite  (*)Annite  (*)Arfvedsonite  (*)
Arsenopyrite  (*)Astrophyllite  (*)Baddeleyite  (*)Bafertisite  (*)Banalsite  (*)
Baryte  (*)Barytolamprophyllite  (*)Bastnäsite-(Ce)  (*)Bastnäsite-(La)  (*)Belovite-(Ce)  (*)
Britholite-(Ce)  (*)Calcite  (*)Cancrinite  (*)Catapleiite  (*)Celestine  (*)
Cerite-(Ce)  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)Cheralite  (*)Chevkinite-(Ce)  (*)Chromite  (*)
Cobaltite  (*)Coffinite  (*)Columbite-(Mn)  (*)Cooperite  (*)Coronadite  (*)
Cubanite  (*)Dolomite  (*)Ecandrewsite  (*)Epsomite  (*)Eudialyte  (*)
Fayalite  (*)Fergusonite-(Ce)  (*)Fergusonite-(Y)  (*)Ferro-katophorite  (*)Fersmite  (*)
Fluorapatite  (*)Fluorite  (*)Fluorstrophite  (*)Galena  (*)Gasparite-(Ce)  (*)
Glaucodot  (*)Hejtmanite  (*)Helvine  (*)Hematite  (*)Hilairite  (*)
Huttonite  (*)Ilmenite  (*)Ilvaite  (*)Kentbrooksite  (*)Kupletskite  (*)
Lamprophyllite  (*)Låvenite  (*)Leucite  (*)Löllingite  (*)Loparite-(Ce)  (*)
Lorenzenite  (*)Mackinawite  (*)Magnesio-arfvedsonite  (*)Magnetite  (*)Microcline  (*)
Monazite-(La)  (*)Morenosite  (*)Mosandrite-(Ce)  (*)Natrolite  (*)Nepheline  (*)
Niobophyllite  (*)Olekminskite  (*)Opal  (*)Orthoclase  (*)Parakeldyshite  (*)
Parisite-(Ce)  (*)Pectolite  (*)Pentlandite  (*)Perovskite  (*)Pyrite  (*)
Pyrochroite  (*)Pyrophanite  (*)Pyroxmangite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)Quartz  (*)
Retzian-(Ce)  (*)Rhodochrosite  (*)Rinkite-(Ce)  (*)Rutile  (*)Serandite  (*)
Siderite  (*)Sodalite  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Spinel  (*)Stronalsite  (*)
Strontianite  (*)Taseqite  (*)Thorianite  (*)Thorite  (*)Titanite  (*)
Xenotime-(Y)  (*)Zircon  (*)Zircophyllite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Aegirine  (*)PyroxeneNaFe3+Si2O6140513842106803,1068041022
Aenigmatite  (*)SapphirineNa4[Fe2+10Ti2]O4[Si12O36]25005410133
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)25005412106802,1068038803
Allanite-(Ce)  (*)Allanite EpidoteCaCe(Al2Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)25005410706
Allanite-(La)  (*)Allanite EpidoteCaLa(Al2Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)2500541025
Analcime  (*)AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6)·H2O250054111068031627
Ancylite-(Ce)  (*)AncyliteCeSr(CO3)2(OH)·H2O2500541092
Ankerite  (*)NoneCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)21414107211068023092
Annite  (*)Mica ClayKFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)225005410356
Arfvedsonite  (*)AmphiboleNaNa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)225005411106803295
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS250054109052
Astrophyllite  (*)AstrophylliteK2NaFe2+7Ti2(Si4O12)2O2(OH)4F25005411106803161
Baddeleyite  (*)BaddeleyiteZrO225005410238
Bafertisite  (*)NoneBa2Fe2+4Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2F22500541016
Banalsite  (*)NoneNa2BaAl4Si4O162500541022
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)14141072110680211547
Barytolamprophyllite  (*)None(BaK)Ti2Na3Ti(Si2O7)2O2(OH)22500541021
Bastnäsite-(Ce)  (*)BastnäsiteCe(CO3)F25005411106803304
Bastnäsite-(La)  (*)BastnäsiteLa(CO3)F2500541030
Belovite-(Ce)  (*)ApatiteNaCeSr3(PO4)3F2500541015
Britholite-(Ce)  (*)Apatite(Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3(OH)140513842106805,106806115
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)25005412106802,10680327770
Cancrinite  (*)Cancrinite(Na,Ca,   )8(Al6Si6)O24(CO3,SO4)2·2H2O25005410232
Catapleiite  (*)CatapleiiteNa2Zr(Si3O9)·2H2O25005411106803113
Celestine  (*)BaryteSr(SO4)250054101252
Cerite-(Ce)  (*)Cerite(Ce7Ca2)   Mg(SiO4)3(SiO3OH)4(OH)32500541110680347
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS2141410722106802,10680727198
Cheralite  (*)MonaziteCaTh(PO4)22500541050
Chevkinite-(Ce)  (*)ChevkiniteCe4(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)5O8(Si2O7)22500541089
Chromite  (*)SpinelFe2+Cr2O4140513843106800,106801,1068093902
Cobaltite  (*)CobaltiteCoAsS25005410966
Coffinite  (*)ZirconU(SiO4)·nH2O25005410566
Columbite-(Mn)  (*)ColumbiteMn2+Nb2O625005410289
Cooperite  (*)NonePtS140513841106807124
Coronadite  (*)CoronaditePb(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O1625005410227
Cubanite  (*)Cubanite WurtziteCuFe2S3140513841106807802
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)21414107211068029895
Ecandrewsite  (*)CorundumZnTiO3250054108
Epsomite  (*)EpsomiteMg(SO4)·7H2O140513841106807484
Eudialyte  (*)EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2140513842106803,106804182
Fayalite  (*)OlivineFe2+2(SiO4)25005411106803371
Fergusonite-(Ce)  (*)ScheeliteCeNbO4·0.3H2O2500541016
Fergusonite-(Y)  (*)ScheeliteYNbO425005411106803196
Ferro-katophorite  (*)AmphiboleNa(NaCa)(Fe2+4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)22500541038
Fersmite  (*)ColumbiteCaNb2O62500541083
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F1405138411068082740
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF2141410725106802,106803,106804,106806,1068089617
Fluorstrophite  (*)ApatiteSrCaSr3(PO4)3F250054109
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS2500541110680324243
Gasparite-(Ce)  (*)MonaziteCe(AsO4)2500541023
Glaucodot  (*)Arsenopyrite(Co0.5Fe0.5)AsS25005410131
Hejtmanite  (*)NoneBa2Mn2+4Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2F22500541010
Helvine  (*)Sodalite Cancrinite-sodaliteBe3Mn2+4(SiO4)3S25005411106803237
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O314141072110680214640
Hilairite  (*)NoneNa2ZrSi3O9·3H2O2500541018
Huttonite  (*)MonaziteTh(SiO4)2500541037
Ilmenite  (*)CorundumFe2+Ti4+O3250054105433
Ilvaite  (*)IlvaiteCaFe3+Fe2+2O(Si2O7)(OH)25005411106803197
Kentbrooksite  (*)Eudialyte(Na,REE)15(Ca,REE)6Mn3Zr3Nb(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(F,Cl)22500541019
Kupletskite  (*)AstrophylliteK2NaMn2+7Ti2(Si4O12)2O2(OH)4F2500541033
Lamprophyllite  (*)None(SrNa)Ti2Na3Ti(Si2O7)2O2(OH)22500541110680363
Låvenite  (*)Wöhlerite(Na,Ca)4(Mn2+,Fe2+)2(Zr,Ti,Nb)2(Si2O7)2(O,F)42500541110680358
Leucite  (*)AnalcimeK(AlSi2O6)25005411106803233
Löllingite  (*)LöllingiteFeAs225005410762
Loparite-(Ce)  (*)Perovskite(Na,Ce,Sr)(Ce,Th)(Ti,Nb)2O62500541057
Lorenzenite  (*)NoneNa2Ti2O3(Si2O6)2500541082
Mackinawite  (*)None(Fe,Ni)1+xS (x = 0-0.07)140513841106807451
Magnesio-arfvedsonite  (*)AmphiboleNaNa2(Mg4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)22500541079
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O425005412106802,10680314899
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)250054111068034924
Monazite-(La)  (*)MonaziteLa(PO4)2500541038
Morenosite  (*)EpsomiteNi(SO4)·7H2O14051384110680784
Mosandrite-(Ce)  (*)None(Ca3REE)[(H2O)2Ca0.5   0.5]Ti(Si2O7)2(OH)2(H2O)2140513842106803,10680545
Natrolite  (*)NatroliteNa2(Si3Al2)O10·2H2O250054101236
Nepheline  (*)TridymiteNa3K(Al4Si4O16)25005411106803884
Niobophyllite  (*)AstrophylliteK2NaFe2+7(Nb,Ti)2(Si4O12)2O2(OH)4(O,F)250054108
Olekminskite  (*)ParalstoniteSr2(CO3)2250054108
Opal  (*)AmorphousSiO2·nH2O250054111068032994
Orthoclase  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)1414107211068022349
Parakeldyshite  (*)NoneNa2ZrSi2O72500541012
Parisite-(Ce)  (*)ParisiteCaCe2(CO3)3F225005410112
Pectolite  (*)PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)25005411106803363
Pentlandite  (*)Pentlandite(Ni,Fe)9S81405138411068071512
Perovskite  (*)PerovskiteCaTiO325005410495
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS225005412106802,10680339462
Pyrochroite  (*)BruciteMn2+(OH)22500541056
Pyrophanite  (*)CorundumMn2+TiO325005411106803244
Pyroxmangite  (*)NoneMn2+SiO325005410147
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S81405138411068079056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO214141072110680261156
Retzian-(Ce)  (*)RetzianMn2+2Ce(AsO4)(OH)4250054103
Rhodochrosite  (*)CalciteMn(CO3)250054101711
Rinkite-(Ce)  (*)None(Ca3REE)Na(NaCa)Ti(Si2O7)2(OF)F22500541110680353
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO2250054111068035614
Serandite  (*)PectoliteNaMn2+2Si3O8(OH)2500541038
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)1414107211068026417
Sodalite  (*)Cancrinite-sodalite SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl25005411106803444
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS2500541110680321482
Spinel  (*)SpinelMgAl2O41405138411068071934
Stronalsite  (*)NoneNa2SrAl4Si4O162500541010
Strontianite  (*)AragoniteSr(CO3)25005411106803589
Taseqite  (*)EudialyteNa12Sr3Ca6Fe3Zr3NbSi25O73(O,OH,H2O)3Cl2250054103
Thorianite  (*)FluoriteThO225005410236
Thorite  (*)ZirconTh(SiO4)140513842106803,1068051006
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O1405138404899
Xenotime-(Y)  (*)ZirconY(PO4)25005410939
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)250054111068035251
Zircophyllite  (*)AstrophylliteK2NaFe2+7Zr2(Si4O12)2O2(OH)4F250054105


Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:
Age IDLocality Notes
Jen_0001128MAGMATIC STYLE: 5 km diameter carbonatitic volcanic complex with extensive carbonatitic tuffs and breccias; some carbonatite dykes ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Volcanic tuffs and breccias, flows of phonolite, trachyte, rhyolite and altered felsic lavas, and orthoclasite.


3 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Jen_0001128141410721243 ±171        27326Kruidfontein, Pilanesberg Alkaline Complex, Bojanala Platinum District, North West, South AfricaKruidfonteinWoolley and Kjarsgaard (2008)10.4095/225115GSCOF5796 
CG455_148_0001140513841394.5 ± 10.5U-Pbhost rocktitanite   Titanite  27328Pilanesberg Mtn, Pilanesberg Alkaline Complex, Bojanala Platinum District, North West, South AfricaPilanesberg alkaline complexElburg (2017) CG455_148 
ree-005722500541Proterozoic        27328Pilanesberg Mtn, Pilanesberg Alkaline Complex, Bojanala Platinum District, North West, South AfricaPilansberg Complex (Pilanesberg, Pilaan's berg)Orris and Grauch (2002) USGSOFR02_189 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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