Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Bob Ingersoll Mine (Ingersoll Mine; Ben Butler Mine; Horace Greely Mine), Keystone, Keystone District, Pennington Co., South Dakota, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 1783.5
Youngest recorded age at locality: 1374.9

mindat Locality ID: 8771
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-8771.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Bob Ingersoll Mine (Ingersoll Mine; Ben Butler Mine; Horace Greely Mine), Keystone, Keystone District, Pennington Co., South Dakota, USA": 0
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 0

Latitude: 43°54'21"N
Longitude: 103°26'46"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 43.905833333333,-103.44611111111
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al As B Be Bi C Ca Cd F Fe H K Li Mn Na Nb O P Pb S Si Sn Ti U Zn Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al As B Be Bi C Ca Cd F Fe H K Li Mn Na Nb O P Pb S Si Sn Ti U Zn Zr 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
ApatiteArsenicAutuniteBerylCalciteClayColumbiteCorundumFairfielditeFeldspar
FluoriteGarnetLöllingiteMicaNoneOlivinePharmacosideritePyroxeneQuartzRutile
SchoepiteSphaleriteStauroliteTourmalineWurtziteZircon

35 IMA Minerals at location:
Albite  (*)Almandine  (*)Augelite  (*)Autunite  (*)Becquerelite  (*)
Beryl  (*)Bismuth  (*)Cassiterite  (*)Columbite-(Fe)  (*)Elbaite  (*)
Fairfieldite  (*)Fluorapatite  (*)Fourmarierite  (*)Greenockite  (*)Heterosite  (*)
Hydroxylapatite  (*)Ilmenite  (*)Kasolite  (*)Löllingite  (*)Microcline  (*)
Montebrasite  (*)Muscovite  (*)Pharmacosiderite  (*)Quartz  (*)Schorl  (*)
Sicklerite  (*)Siderite  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Spodumene  (*)Staurolite  (*)
Triphylite  (*)Uraninite  (*)Uranophane-α  (*)Vandendriesscheite  (*)Zircon  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)1783.51374.908803
Almandine  (*)GarnetFe2+3Al2(SiO4)31783.51374.902353
Augelite  (*)NoneAl2(PO4)(OH)31783.51374.9079
Autunite  (*)AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2·10-12H2O1783.51374.901272
Becquerelite  (*)NoneCa(UO2)6O4(OH)6·8H2O1783.51374.9092
Beryl  (*)BerylBe3Al2Si6O181783.51374.904286
Bismuth  (*)ArsenicBi1783.51374.901966
Cassiterite  (*)RutileSnO21783.51374.905171
Columbite-(Fe)  (*)ColumbiteFe2+Nb2O61783.51374.90518
Elbaite  (*)TourmalineNa(Al1.5Li1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)1783.51374.90520
Fairfieldite  (*)FairfielditeCa2Mn2+(PO4)2·2H2O1783.51374.9072
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F1783.51374.902740
Fourmarierite  (*)SchoepitePb1-xO3-2x(UO2)4(OH)4+2x·4H2O1783.51374.9061
Greenockite  (*)WurtziteCdS1783.51374.90717
Heterosite  (*)OlivineFe3+(PO4)1783.51374.90204
Hydroxylapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3OH1783.51374.90367
Ilmenite  (*)CorundumFe2+Ti4+O31783.51374.905433
Kasolite  (*)NonePb(UO2)(SiO4)·H2O1783.51374.90198
Löllingite  (*)LöllingiteFeAs21783.51374.90762
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)1783.51374.904924
Montebrasite  (*)NoneLiAl(PO4)(OH)1783.51374.90200
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)21783.51603.5017380
Pharmacosiderite  (*)PharmacosideriteKFe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4·6-7H2O1783.51374.90428
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO21783.51374.9061156
Schorl  (*)TourmalineNaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)1783.51374.902705
Sicklerite  (*)OlivineLiMn2+(PO4)1783.51374.9066
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)1783.51374.906417
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS1783.51374.9021482
Spodumene  (*)PyroxeneLiAlSi2O61783.51374.90688
Staurolite  (*)StauroliteFe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH)1783.51374.90978
Triphylite  (*)OlivineLiFe2+(PO4)1783.51374.90313
Uraninite  (*)FluoriteUO21783.51374.902718
Uranophane-α  (*)NoneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2·5H2O1783.51374.90890
Vandendriesscheite  (*)NonePb1.6(UO2)10O6(OH)11·11H2O1783.51374.9052
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)1783.51374.905251


13 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Alexandra-0372170017001700 Age of pegmatite   Yes Li, Be, Sn, Cs, Ta, Nb, U122418Black Elk Peak (Harney Peak), Pennington Co., South Dakota, USAHarney PeakNorton and Redden (1990)10.2138/am.2008.2633AM75_631 
USGS-Rb-Sr-001891783.51603.51693.5±90Rb-Srage of intrusionmuscovite   Muscovite  8771Bob Ingersoll Mine (Ingersoll Mine; Ben Butler Mine; Horace Greely Mine), Keystone, Keystone District, Pennington Co., South Dakota, USA USGS-Rb-Sr USGS-Rb-Sr 
USGS-Rb-Sr-001901695.191535.191615.19±80Rb-Srage of intrusionlepidolite     8771Bob Ingersoll Mine (Ingersoll Mine; Ben Butler Mine; Horace Greely Mine), Keystone, Keystone District, Pennington Co., South Dakota, USA USGS-Rb-Sr USGS-Rb-Sr 
USGS-Rb-Sr-004241585.821585.821585.82Rb-Srminimum age of intrusionlepidolite     8771Bob Ingersoll Mine (Ingersoll Mine; Ben Butler Mine; Horace Greely Mine), Keystone, Keystone District, Pennington Co., South Dakota, USA USGS-Rb-Sr USGS-Rb-Sr 
USGS-U-Th-Pb-00031_206_2381648.51488.51568.5±80206_238age of intrusionuraninite, pitchblende     8771Bob Ingersoll Mine (Ingersoll Mine; Ben Butler Mine; Horace Greely Mine), Keystone, Keystone District, Pennington Co., South Dakota, USA USGS-U-Th-Pb USGS-U-Th-Pb 
USGS-U-Th-Pb-00031_207_2061673.51513.51593.5±80207_206age of intrusionuraninite, pitchblende     8771Bob Ingersoll Mine (Ingersoll Mine; Ben Butler Mine; Horace Greely Mine), Keystone, Keystone District, Pennington Co., South Dakota, USA USGS-U-Th-Pb USGS-U-Th-Pb 
USGS-U-Th-Pb-00031_207_2351659.21499.21579.2±80207_235age of intrusionuraninite, pitchblende     8771Bob Ingersoll Mine (Ingersoll Mine; Ben Butler Mine; Horace Greely Mine), Keystone, Keystone District, Pennington Co., South Dakota, USA USGS-U-Th-Pb USGS-U-Th-Pb 
USGS-U-Th-Pb-00211_206_2381608.21598.21603.2±5206_238 uraninite, pitchblende     8771Bob Ingersoll Mine (Ingersoll Mine; Ben Butler Mine; Horace Greely Mine), Keystone, Keystone District, Pennington Co., South Dakota, USA USGS-U-Th-Pb USGS-U-Th-Pb 
USGS-U-Th-Pb-00211_207_2061591.91571.91581.9±10207_206 uraninite, pitchblende     8771Bob Ingersoll Mine (Ingersoll Mine; Ben Butler Mine; Horace Greely Mine), Keystone, Keystone District, Pennington Co., South Dakota, USA USGS-U-Th-Pb USGS-U-Th-Pb 
USGS-U-Th-Pb-00211_207_235159915891594±5207_235 uraninite, pitchblende     8771Bob Ingersoll Mine (Ingersoll Mine; Ben Butler Mine; Horace Greely Mine), Keystone, Keystone District, Pennington Co., South Dakota, USA USGS-U-Th-Pb USGS-U-Th-Pb 
USGS-U-Th-Pb-00212_206_2381384.91374.91379.9±5206_238 uraninite, pitchblende     8771Bob Ingersoll Mine (Ingersoll Mine; Ben Butler Mine; Horace Greely Mine), Keystone, Keystone District, Pennington Co., South Dakota, USA USGS-U-Th-Pb USGS-U-Th-Pb 
USGS-U-Th-Pb-00212_207_2061547.41517.41532.4±15207_206 uraninite, pitchblende     8771Bob Ingersoll Mine (Ingersoll Mine; Ben Butler Mine; Horace Greely Mine), Keystone, Keystone District, Pennington Co., South Dakota, USA USGS-U-Th-Pb USGS-U-Th-Pb 
USGS-U-Th-Pb-00212_207_235144614361441±5207_235 uraninite, pitchblende     8771Bob Ingersoll Mine (Ingersoll Mine; Ben Butler Mine; Horace Greely Mine), Keystone, Keystone District, Pennington Co., South Dakota, USA USGS-U-Th-Pb USGS-U-Th-Pb 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL

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