Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

Locality Name:
Balangero, Lanzo Valleys, Metropolitan City Of Turin, Piedmont, Italy

Oldest recorded age at locality: 38
Youngest recorded age at locality: 15

mindat Locality ID: 278630
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-278630.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Balangero, Lanzo Valleys, Metropolitan City Of Turin, Piedmont, Italy": 1
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 1

Number of Child Localities: 1
Child Localities:
Poggio San Vittore Asbestos Mine

Latitude: 45°17'31"N
Longitude: 7°30'49"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 45.291944444444,7.5136111111111

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Allophane	Alunite	Amorphous	Amphibole	Apatite	Aragonite	Auricupride	Baryte	Brucite	Calcite
Chalcopyrite	Chlorite	Clay	Clinozoisite	Cobaltite	Copper	Corundum	Covellite	Cubanite	Diaspore
Epidote	Feldspar	Garnet	Gypsum	Humite	Ilvaite	Iron	Malachite	Mica	Millerite
Monazite	Nickeline	None	Not in a structural group	Pentlandite	Perovskite	Prehnite	Pumpellyite	Pyrite	Pyroxene
Quartz	Rhodonite	Rocksalt	Rutile	Serpentine	Sphalerite	Spinel	Sulphur	Talc	Valleriite
Vesuvianite	Vivianite	Wurtzite	Zircon

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al As Ba C Ca Cl Co Cr Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn Na Ni O P Pb S Sb Si Sr Ti V Zn Zr

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality:

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Allophane Alunite Amorphous Amphibole Apatite Aragonite Auricupride Baryte Brucite Calcite
Chalcopyrite Chlorite Clay Clinozoisite Cobaltite Copper Corundum Covellite Cubanite Diaspore
Epidote Feldspar Garnet Gypsum Humite Ilvaite Iron Malachite Mica Millerite
Monazite Nickeline None Not in a structural group Pentlandite Perovskite Prehnite Pumpellyite Pyrite Pyroxene
Quartz Rhodonite Rocksalt Rutile Serpentine Sphalerite Spinel Sulphur Talc Valleriite
Vesuvianite Vivianite Wurtzite Zircon

90 IMA Minerals at location:

Actinolite ()*	Albite ()*	Almandine ()*	Andradite ()*	Anglesite ()*
Antigorite ()*	Aragonite ()*	Awaruite ()*	Azurite ()*	Balangeroite ()*
Bornite ()*	Breithauptite ()*	Brucite ()*	Calcite ()*	Cerussite ()*
Chalcocite ()*	Chalcopyrite ()*	Chromite ()*	Chrysocolla ()*	Chrysotile ()*
Clinochlore ()*	Clinohumite ()*	Clinozoisite ()*	Cobaltite ()*	Cobaltpentlandite ()*
Copper ()*	Corkite ()*	Covellite ()*	Crocoite ()*	Cubanite ()*
Diopside ()*	Djurleite ()*	Dolomite ()*	Enstatite ()*	Epidote ()*
Erythrite ()*	Galena ()*	Goethite ()*	Graphite ()*	Greigite ()*
Grossular ()*	Gypsum ()*	Heazlewoodite ()*	Hedyphane ()*	Ilmenite ()*
Ilvaite ()*	Iron ()*	Langite ()*	Lizardite ()*	Mackinawite ()*
Magnesite ()*	Magnetite ()*	Malachite ()*	Manganite ()*	Maucherite ()*
Microcline ()*	Millerite ()*	Mimetite ()*	Muscovite ()*	Nickeline ()*
Opal ()*	Orthoclase ()*	Pentlandite ()*	Perovskite ()*	Phlogopite ()*
Prehnite ()*	Pumpellyite-(Al) ()*	Pyrite ()*	Pyrolusite ()*	Pyromorphite ()*
Pyrope ()*	Pyrrhotite ()*	Quartz ()*	Rhodonite ()*	Sillimanite ()*
Smythite ()*	Sphalerite ()*	Spinel ()*	Sulphur ()*	Taenite ()*
Talc ()*	Todorokite ()*	Tremolite ()*	Troilite ()*	Valleriite ()*
Vanadinite ()*	Vesuvianite ()*	Violarite ()*	Wairauite ()*	Zircon ()*

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite ()*	Amphibole	Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe²⁺_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	38	15	1	70819	3419
Albite ()*	Feldspar	Na(AlSi₃O₈)	38	15	1	70819	8803
Almandine ()*	Garnet	Fe²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃	38	15	1	70819	2353
Andradite ()*	Garnet	Ca₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃	38	15	1	70819	1534
Anglesite ()*	Baryte	Pb(SO₄)	38	15	1	70819	2734
Antigorite ()*	Serpentine Clay	Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄	38	15	1	70819	708
Aragonite ()*	Aragonite	Ca(CO₃)	38	15	1	70819	3250
Awaruite ()*	Auricupride Perovskite	Ni₃Fe	38	15	1	70819	166
Azurite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂	38	15	1	70819	5509
Balangeroite ()*	None	Mg₂₁Si₈O₂₇(OH)₂₀	38	15	1	70819	3
Bornite ()*	None	Cu₅FeS₄	38	15	1	70819	5516
Breithauptite ()*	Nickeline	NiSb	38	15	1	70819	175
Brucite ()*	Brucite	Mg(OH)₂	38	15	1	70819	462
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)	38	15	1	70819	27770
Cerussite ()*	Aragonite	Pb(CO₃)	38	15	1	70819	4979
Chalcocite ()*	None	Cu₂S	38	15	1	70819	5707
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂	38	15	1	70819	27198
Chromite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Cr₂O₄	38	15	1	70819	3902
Chrysocolla ()*	Allophane	(Cu_2-xAl_x)H_2-xSi₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O	38	15	1	70819	3531
Chrysotile ()*	Serpentine Clay	Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄	38	15	1	70819	951
Clinochlore ()*	Chlorite Clay	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈	38	15	1	70819	1756
Clinohumite ()*	Humite	Mg₉(SiO₄)₄F₂	38	15	1	70819	236
Clinozoisite ()*	Clinozoisite Epidote	Ca₂Al₃[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)	38	15	1	70819	1025
Cobaltite ()*	Cobaltite	CoAsS	38	15	1	70819	966
Cobaltpentlandite ()*	Pentlandite	Co₉S₈	38	15	1	70819	82
Copper ()*	Copper	Cu	38	15	1	70819	3846
Corkite ()*	Alunite	PbFe³⁺₃(SO₄)(PO₄)(OH)₆	38	15	1	70819	151
Covellite ()*	Covellite	CuS	38	15	1	70819	4165
Crocoite ()*	Monazite Baryte	Pb(CrO₄)	38	15	1	70819	81
Cubanite ()*	Cubanite Wurtzite	CuFe₂S₃	38	15	1	70819	802
Diopside ()*	Pyroxene	CaMgSi₂O₆	38	15	1	70819	4135
Djurleite ()*	None	Cu₃₁S₁₆	38	15	1	70819	300
Dolomite ()*	None	CaMg(CO₃)₂	38	15	1	70819	9895
Enstatite ()*	Pyroxene	Mg₂Si₂O₆	38	15	1	70819	944
Epidote ()*	Epidote Clinozoisite	Ca₂(Al₂Fe³⁺)[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)	38	15	1	70819	8173
Erythrite ()*	Vivianite	Co₃(AsO₄)₂·8H₂O	38	15	1	70819	814
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS	38	15	1	70819	24243
Goethite ()*	Diaspore	FeO(OH)	38	15	1	70819	7437
Graphite ()*	None	C	38	15	1	70819	2812
Greigite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂S₄	38	15	1	70819	62
Grossular ()*	Garnet	Ca₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃	38	15	1	70819	1544
Gypsum ()*	Gypsum	Ca(SO₄)·2H₂O	38	15	1	70819	6890
Heazlewoodite ()*	None	Ni₃S₂	38	15	1	70819	205
Hedyphane ()*	Apatite	Ca₂Pb₃(AsO₄)₃Cl	38	15	1	70819	48
Ilmenite ()*	Corundum	Fe²⁺Ti⁴⁺O₃	38	15	1	70819	5433
Ilvaite ()*	Ilvaite	CaFe³⁺Fe²⁺₂O(Si₂O₇)(OH)	38	15	1	70819	197
Iron ()*	Iron	Fe	38	15	1	70819	1089
Langite ()*	None	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆·2H₂O	38	15	1	70819	593
Lizardite ()*	Serpentine Clay	Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄	38	15	1	70819	359
Mackinawite ()*	None	(Fe,Ni)_1+xS (x = 0-0.07)	38	15	1	70819	451
Magnesite ()*	Calcite	Mg(CO₃)	38	15	1	70819	1487
Magnetite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	38	15	1	70819	14899
Malachite ()*	Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂	38	15	1	70819	12537
Manganite ()*	Rutile	Mn³⁺O(OH)	38	15	1	70819	770
Maucherite ()*	None	Ni₁₁As₈	38	15	1	70819	161
Microcline ()*	Feldspar	K(AlSi₃O₈)	38	15	1	70819	4924
Millerite ()*	Millerite	NiS	38	15	1	70819	1066
Mimetite ()*	Apatite	Pb₅(AsO₄)₃Cl	38	15	1	70819	1107
Muscovite ()*	Mica Clay	KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂	38	15	1	70819	17380
Nickeline ()*	Nickeline	NiAs	38	15	1	70819	633
Opal ()*	Amorphous	SiO₂·nH₂O	38	15	1	70819	2994
Orthoclase ()*	Feldspar	K(AlSi₃O₈)	38	15	1	70819	2349
Pentlandite ()*	Pentlandite	(Ni,Fe)₉S₈	38	15	1	70819	1512
Perovskite ()*	Perovskite	CaTiO₃	38	15	1	70819	495
Phlogopite ()*	Mica Clay	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂	38	15	1	70819	2273
Prehnite ()*	Prehnite	Ca₂Al(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂	38	15	1	70819	1898
Pumpellyite-(Al) ()*	Pumpellyite	Ca₂Al₃(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)(OH,O)₂·H₂O	38	15	1	70819	19
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	38	15	1	70819	39462
Pyrolusite ()*	Rutile	MnO₂	38	15	1	70819	3106
Pyromorphite ()*	Apatite	Pb₅(PO₄)₃Cl	38	15	1	70819	1725
Pyrope ()*	Garnet	Mg₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃	38	15	1	70819	341
Pyrrhotite ()*	Nickeline	Fe₇S₈	38	15	1	70819	9056
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	38	15	1	70819	61156
Rhodonite ()*	Rhodonite	CaMn₃Mn(Si₅O₁₅)	38	15	1	70819	969
Sillimanite ()*	Not in a structural group	Al₂SiO₅	38	15	1	70819	1516
Smythite ()*	None	(Fe,Ni)_3+xS₄ (x ≈ 0-0.3)	38	15	1	70819	77
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS	38	15	1	70819	21482
Spinel ()*	Spinel	MgAl₂O₄	38	15	1	70819	1934
Sulphur ()*	Sulphur	S	38	15	1	70819	2045
Taenite ()*	None	(Ni,Fe)	38	15	1	70819	703
Talc ()*	Clay Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂	38	15	1	70819	3337
Todorokite ()*	None	(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂·3-4H₂O	38	15	1	70819	433
Tremolite ()*	Amphibole	Ca₂(Mg_5.0-4.5Fe²⁺_0.0-0.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	38	15	1	70819	2562
Troilite ()*	None	FeS	38	15	1	70819	1044
Valleriite ()*	Valleriite	2[(Fe,Cu)S]·1.53[(Mg,Al)(OH)₂]	38	15	1	70819	237
Vanadinite ()*	Apatite	Pb₅(VO₄)₃Cl	38	15	1	70819	605
Vesuvianite ()*	Vesuvianite	(Ca,Na)₁₉(Al,Mg,Fe)₁₃(SiO₄)₁₀(Si₂O₇)₄(OH,F,O)₁₀	38	15	1	70819	1395
Violarite ()*	Spinel	FeNi₂S₄	38	15	1	70819	380
Wairauite ()*	Iron	CoFe	38	15	1	70819	16
Zircon ()*	Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)	38	15	1	70819	5251

1 Ages assigned to this locality:

	Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Prioritized?	Sample Source	Sample Num	Run Num	Age from other Locality	Dated Mineral	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
	Kristen002427	38	15	Late-Alpine age		mineralization							Chalcopyrite, Cobaltite, Galena, Maucherite, Pyrite, Pyrrhotite, Sphalerite	S, As	2110	Poggio San Vittore Asbestos Mine, Balangero, Lanzo Valleys, Metropolitan City Of Turin, Piedmont, Italy	Balangero Asbestos Mine	Castelli and Rossetti (1994)		T12_103	age from Dumont et al. (2011), T30_5

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL
R060244	Poggio San Vittore Asbestos Mine, Balangero, Lanzo Valleys, Metropolitan City Of Turin, Piedmont, Italy	https://rruff.info/R060244

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...