Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

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The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Botallack, St Just, Cornwall, England, UK

Oldest recorded age at locality: 270
Youngest recorded age at locality: 55

mindat Locality ID: 855
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-855.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Botallack, St Just, Cornwall, England, UK": 24
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 22

Number of Child Localities: 10
Child Localities:
Botallack Mine
Cliff Outcrops
Loe Warren Zawn
Lower Boscean Mine
West Wheal Owles (Cargodna Mine)
Wheal Boys
Wheal Drea
Wheal Edward
Wheal Grouse
Wheal Owles

Latitude: 50°8'7"N
Longitude: 5°41'20"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 50.135277777778,-5.6888888888889
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au B Ba Be Bi C Ca Cl Co Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn N Na Ni O P Pb S Sb Se Si Sn Sr Ti U V W Zn 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al Au C Ca F Fe H Mg Na O Si 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AllophaneAluniteAmorphousAmphiboleAndalusiteApatiteAragoniteArsenicArsenopyriteAtacamite
AutuniteAxiniteBaryteBerylBismutiteBrochantiteCalciteCancrinite-sodaliteChalcanthiteChalcophyllite
ChalcopyriteClayClinozoisiteCobaltiteCompreignaciteConnelliteCopperCorundumCyanotrichiteDevilline
DiasporeDigeniteEpidoteEpsomiteFeldsparFluoriteGarnetGypsumHeulanditeHydrotalcite
KaoliniteMalachiteMetavoltineMixiteNatroautuniteNatroliteNickelineNoneNot in a structural groupPerovskite
PharmacosideritePhenakitePhosphuranylitePrehnitePyritePyroxeneQuartzRocksaltRoseliteRutile
ScheeliteSkutteruditeSodaliteSphaleriteSpinelStanniteStibniteTalcTetrahedriteTitanite
TourmalineVesuvianiteVivianiteVolborthiteWagneriteWoodwarditeWölsendorfiteZippeite

149 IMA Minerals at location:
Actinolite  (*)Allophane  (*)Almandine  (*)Andradite  (*)Anthophyllite  (*)
Antimony  (*)Antlerite  (*)Aragonite  (*)Arsenic  (*)Arsenogoyazite  (*)
Arsenopyrite  (*)Asbolane  (*)Atacamite  (*)Augite  (*)Autunite  (*)
Axinite-(Fe)  (*)Azurite  (*)Baryte  (*)Bismite  (*)Bismuth  (*)
Bismuthinite  (*)Bismutite  (*)Boltwoodite  (*)Bornite  (*)Botallackite  (*)
Brochantite  (*)Brushite  (*)Buttgenbachite  (*)Calcite  (*)Cassiterite  (*)
Cerussite  (*)Chalcanthite  (*)Chalcocite  (*)Chalcomenite  (*)Chalcophyllite  (*)
Chalcopyrite  (*)Chlorargyrite  (*)Chrysocolla  (*)Clinoclase  (*)Clinoptilolite-Ca  (*)
Cobaltite  (*)Compreignacite  (*)Connellite  (*)Copper  (*)Cordierite  (*)
Cornubite  (*)Cornwallite  (*)Cumengeite  (*)Cummingtonite  (*)Cuprite  (*)
Cuprosklodowskite  (*)Cyanotrichite  (*)Danalite  (*)Devilline  (*)Dewindtite  (*)
Digenite  (*)Diopside  (*)Djurleite  (*)Dolomite  (*)Dravite  (*)
Epidote  (*)Erythrite  (*)Ferro-hornblende  (*)Feruvite  (*)Fluorapatite  (*)
Fluorite  (*)Galena  (*)Goethite  (*)Gold  (*)Goslarite  (*)
Graphite  (*)Grossular  (*)Grunerite  (*)Hastingsite  (*)Hematite  (*)
Heulandite-Ca  (*)Heulandite-K  (*)Nováčekite-I  (*)Jarosite  (*)Kaolinite  (*)
Kasolite  (*)Kröhnkite  (*)Langite  (*)Lavendulan  (*)Libethenite  (*)
Magnetite  (*)Malachite  (*)Malayaite  (*)Manganite  (*)Mesolite  (*)
Metanováčekite  (*)Metasaléeite  (*)Metatorbernite  (*)Metavoltine  (*)Metazeunerite  (*)
Mixite  (*)Natrolite  (*)Natron  (*)Neotocite  (*)Opal  (*)
Orthoclase  (*)Paratacamite  (*)Pargasite  (*)Pharmacosiderite  (*)Phenakite  (*)
Pitticite  (*)Prehnite  (*)Pseudomalachite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Pyrolusite  (*)
Pyrrhotite  (*)Quartz  (*)Rhodochrosite  (*)Rutherfordine  (*)Saléeite  (*)
Scheelite  (*)Schorl  (*)Siderite  (*)Silver  (*)Skutterudite  (*)
Sphalerite  (*)Stannite  (*)Stibnite  (*)Stokesite  (*)Talc  (*)
Tennantite-(Fe)  (*)Tenorite  (*)Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)Titanite  (*)Torbernite  (*)
Tremolite  (*)Triploidite  (*)Trögerite  (*)Tyuyamunite  (*)Uraninite  (*)
Uranophane-α  (*)Uranopilite  (*)Vandenbrandeite  (*)Vandendriesscheite  (*)Vesuvianite  (*)
Vivianite  (*)Volborthite  (*)Waylandite  (*)Wickmanite  (*)Widenmannite  (*)
Wölsendorfite  (*)Woodwardite  (*)Zeunerite  (*)Zippeite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2270556118779,118791,118792,118795,118797,1188023419
Allophane  (*)AllophaneAl2O3(SiO2)1.3-2.0·2.5-3.0H2O2701001118784470
Almandine  (*)GarnetFe2+3Al2(SiO4)327010011187902353
Andradite  (*)GarnetCa3Fe3+2(SiO4)3615501534
Anthophyllite  (*)Amphibole   Mg2Mg5Si8O22(OH)261550718
Antimony  (*)ArsenicSb2701001118779363
Antlerite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2+3(SO4)(OH)42701002118784,118788246
Aragonite  (*)AragoniteCa(CO3)270554118779,118784,118800,1188023250
Arsenic  (*)ArsenicAs2701002118779,118783379
Arsenogoyazite  (*)AluniteSrAl3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)(OH)6270100111878321
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS270552118779,1188029052
Asbolane  (*)Not in a structural groupMn4+(O,OH)2·(Co,Ni,Mg,Ca)x(OH)2x·nH2O2701001118792143
Atacamite  (*)AtacamiteCu2Cl(OH)32701004118779,118780,118783,118795544
Augite  (*)Pyroxene(Ca,Mg,Fe)2Si2O62701002118779,1187832060
Autunite  (*)AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2·10-12H2O27010011188001272
Axinite-(Fe)  (*)AxiniteCa4Fe2+2Al4[B2Si8O30](OH)22701004118779,118789,118792,118793260
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)22701002118779,1187835509
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)2701002118795,11879911547
Bismite  (*)NoneBi2O32701001118783214
Bismuth  (*)ArsenicBi270553118779,118783,1188021966
Bismuthinite  (*)StibniteBi2S3270554118779,118783,118800,1188021935
Bismutite  (*)BismutiteBi2O2(CO3)270552118800,118802716
Boltwoodite  (*)None(K,Na)(UO2)(SiO3OH)·1.5H2O270100111879567
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS42701002118779,1187835516
Botallackite  (*)AtacamiteCu2Cl(OH)32701006118780,118783,118784,118789,118795,11879749
Brochantite  (*)BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)62701002118783,1187841633
Brushite  (*)GypsumCa(PO3OH)·2H2O2701001118783104
Buttgenbachite  (*)ConnelliteCu36(NO3)2Cl8(OH)62·nH2O270100111877913
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)270559118779,118783,118791,118792,118795,118797,118799,118800,11880227770
Cassiterite  (*)RutileSnO22705512118779,118780,118781,118782,118783,118784,118792,118797,118799,118800,118801,1188025171
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)27010011187954979
Chalcanthite  (*)ChalcanthiteCu(SO4)·5H2O270552118779,118802925
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S2701007118779,118783,118784,118785,118795,118799,1188005707
Chalcomenite  (*)NoneCu(Se4+O3)·2H2O270100111878540
Chalcophyllite  (*)ChalcophylliteCu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24·36H2O2701002118784,118797194
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS22701008118779,118783,118784,118785,118786,118795,118799,11880027198
Chlorargyrite  (*)RocksaltAgCl27010011187791382
Chrysocolla  (*)Allophane(Cu2-xAlx)H2-xSi2O5(OH)4·nH2O270553118784,118800,1188023531
Clinoclase  (*)NoneCu3(AsO4)(OH)32701001118784127
Clinoptilolite-Ca  (*)HeulanditeCa3(Si30Al6)O72·20H2O270100111878433
Cobaltite  (*)CobaltiteCoAsS2701002118779,118783966
Compreignacite  (*)CompreignaciteK2(UO2)6O4(OH)6·7H2O270552118800,11880227
Connellite  (*)ConnelliteCu36(SO4)(OH)62Cl8·6H2O2701007118779,118783,118784,118785,118795,118797,118800295
Copper  (*)CopperCu2701007118779,118783,118785,118786,118795,118799,1188003846
Cordierite  (*)BerylMg2Al4Si5O1827010011187891008
Cornubite  (*)NoneCu5(AsO4)2(OH)42701002118779,118783109
Cornwallite  (*)NoneCu5(AsO4)2(OH)42701002118779,118783175
Cumengeite  (*)NonePb21Cu20Cl42(OH)40·6H2O270100111879543
Cummingtonite  (*)Amphibole   Mg2Mg5Si8O22(OH)22701001118787327
Cuprite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2O2701005118779,118784,118785,118795,1188002970
Cuprosklodowskite  (*)NoneCu(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2·6H2O2701002118779,11879758
Cyanotrichite  (*)CyanotrichiteCu4Al2(SO4)(OH)12(H2O)22701001118784179
Danalite  (*)Cancrinite-sodalite SodaliteBe3Fe2+4(SiO4)3S270100111878958
Devilline  (*)DevillineCaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6·3H2O2701001118784366
Dewindtite  (*)PhosphuranyliteH2Pb3(UO2)6O4(PO4)4·12H2O270100111879582
Digenite  (*)DigeniteCu1.8S2701002118779,1187851027
Diopside  (*)PyroxeneCaMgSi2O6270552118791,1188024135
Djurleite  (*)NoneCu31S1661551118802300
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)2270554118779,118795,118797,1188029895
Dravite  (*)TourmalineNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)2701002118781,118800648
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)2701004118779,118783,118789,1187918173
Erythrite  (*)VivianiteCo3(AsO4)2·8H2O2701004118779,118791,118792,118800814
Ferro-hornblende  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Fe2+4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)261550271
Feruvite  (*)TourmalineCaFe2+3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)270100111878115
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F2701004118779,118783,118799,1188002740
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF22701004118779,118783,118799,1188009617
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS270100111877924243
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)2705511118779,118782,118783,118784,118785,118786,118797,118799,118800,118801,1188027437
Gold  (*)CopperAu6155030554
Goslarite  (*)EpsomiteZn(SO4)·7H2O2701001118779188
Graphite  (*)NoneC615502812
Grossular  (*)GarnetCa3Al2(SiO4)32701002118791,1187941544
Grunerite  (*)Amphibole   Fe2+2Fe2+5Si8O22(OH)261550223
Hastingsite  (*)AmphiboleNaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)22701001118783209
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O3270559118779,118780,118782,118783,118785,118786,118797,118799,11880214640
Heulandite-Ca  (*)Heulandite(Ca,Na,K)5(Si27Al9)O72·26H2O2701001118784246
Heulandite-K  (*)Heulandite(K,Ca,Na)5(Si27Al9)O72·26H2O270100111878432
Nováčekite-I  (*)NoneMg(UO2)2(AsO4)2·12H2O6155111880255
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)62701003118783,118784,1187882228
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)427010011187825591
Kasolite  (*)NonePb(UO2)(SiO4)·H2O2701002118779,118795198
Kröhnkite  (*)RoseliteNa2Cu(SO4)2·2H2O270100111878427
Langite  (*)NoneCu4(SO4)(OH)6·2H2O2701003118779,118784,118800593
Lavendulan  (*)NoneNaCaCu5(AsO4)4Cl·5H2O270552118795,118802149
Libethenite  (*)AndalusiteCu2(PO4)(OH)2701002118783,118797234
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O42701003118779,118783,11879114899
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2270558118779,118783,118784,118785,118795,118799,118800,11880212537
Malayaite  (*)TitaniteCaSnO(SiO4)270100111879140
Manganite  (*)RutileMn3+O(OH)2701003118779,118783,118799770
Mesolite  (*)NatroliteNa2Ca2(Si9Al6)O30·8H2O2701001118779425
Metanováčekite  (*)NoneMg(UO2)2(AsO4)2·8H2O270100111879726
Metasaléeite  (*)NoneMg(UO2)2(PO4)2·8H2O270100111880011
Metatorbernite  (*)NoneCu(UO2)2(PO4)2·8H2O2701002118797,118800443
Metavoltine  (*)MetavoltineK2Na6Fe2+Fe3+6O2(SO4)12·18H2O270100111880078
Metazeunerite  (*)NoneCu(UO2)2(AsO4)2·8H2O2701002118797,118800182
Mixite  (*)MixiteCu6Bi(AsO4)3(OH)6·3H2O2701001118800168
Natrolite  (*)NatroliteNa2(Si3Al2)O10·2H2O2701002118779,1187891236
Natron  (*)NoneNa2(CO3)·10H2O6155051
Neotocite  (*)Allophane(Mn,Fe)SiO3·H2O (?)61551118802186
Opal  (*)AmorphousSiO2·nH2O2701002118779,1187812994
Orthoclase  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)27010011187792349
Paratacamite  (*)AtacamiteCu3(Cu,Zn)Cl2(OH)62701005118779,118783,118784,118788,118797158
Pargasite  (*)AmphiboleNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)22701001118783313
Pharmacosiderite  (*)PharmacosideriteKFe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4·6-7H2O270552118779,118802428
Phenakite  (*)PhenakiteBe2(SiO4)2701002118792,118800326
Pitticite  (*)None[Fe,AsO4,SO4,H2O] (?)2701001118779140
Prehnite  (*)PrehniteCa2Al(Si3Al)O10(OH)227010011187891898
Pseudomalachite  (*)NoneCu5(PO4)2(OH)4270552118779,118802369
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS2270557118779,118783,118784,118785,118786,118795,11880239462
Pyrolusite  (*)RutileMnO227010011187843106
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S82701002118779,1187919056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO22705514118779,118781,118782,118783,118784,118785,118786,118789,118792,118797,118799,118800,118801,11880261156
Rhodochrosite  (*)CalciteMn(CO3)270555118779,118783,118785,118799,1188021711
Rutherfordine  (*)None(UO2)(CO3)270100111879558
Saléeite  (*)NoneMg(UO2)2(PO4)2(H2O)10270100111880095
Scheelite  (*)ScheeliteCa(WO4)2701002118781,1187924894
Schorl  (*)TourmalineNaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)2701008118779,118781,118782,118783,118785,118791,118792,1188002705
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)270558118779,118783,118785,118786,118797,118799,118800,1188026417
Silver  (*)CopperAg2701002118779,1187835186
Skutterudite  (*)Skutterudite PerovskiteCoAs32701002118779,118791531
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS2701002118779,11878521482
Stannite  (*)Stannite SphaleriteCu2FeSnS42701002118779,118784668
Stibnite  (*)StibniteSb2S327010011187833418
Stokesite  (*)NoneCaSnSi3O9·2H2O2701002118792,11879321
Talc  (*)Clay TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)22701003118779,118780,1187833337
Tennantite-(Fe)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Fe2)As4S1327010011187791803
Tenorite  (*)NoneCuO2701002118779,1188001101
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S1327010011187795317
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O2701002118781,1187914899
Torbernite  (*)NoneCu(UO2)2(PO4)2·12H2O270554118795,118797,118800,1188021059
Tremolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg5.0-4.5Fe2+0.0-0.5)Si8O22(OH)227010011187882562
Triploidite  (*)WagneriteMn2+2(PO4)(OH)6155111880229
Trögerite  (*)Natroautunite(H3O)(UO2)(AsO4)·3H2O270100111879522
Tyuyamunite  (*)NoneCa(UO2)2(VO4)2·5-8H2O2701001118797628
Uraninite  (*)FluoriteUO2270554118779,118795,118800,1188022718
Uranophane-α  (*)NoneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2·5H2O2701002118797,118800890
Uranopilite  (*)None(UO2)6(SO4)O2(OH)6·14H2O270552118800,11880294
Vandenbrandeite  (*)NoneCu(UO2)(OH)427010011188009
Vandendriesscheite  (*)NonePb1.6(UO2)10O6(OH)11·11H2O270100111879552
Vesuvianite  (*)Vesuvianite(Ca,Na)19(Al,Mg,Fe)13(SiO4)10(Si2O7)4(OH,F,O)10615501395
Vivianite  (*)VivianiteFe2+3(PO4)2·8H2O270555118779,118782,118799,118800,118802636
Volborthite  (*)VolborthiteCu3V2O7(OH)2·2H2O2701001118800155
Waylandite  (*)AluniteBiAl3(PO4)2(OH)66155111880231
Wickmanite  (*)PerovskiteMn2+Sn4+(OH)6270100111879324
Widenmannite  (*)NonePb2(OH)2[(UO2)(CO3)2]27010011187959
Wölsendorfite  (*)WölsendorfitePb7(UO2)14O19(OH)4·12H2O270100111879543
Woodwardite  (*)Woodwardite Hydrotalcite(Cu1-xAlx)(SO4)x/2(OH)2·nH2O (x < 0.5, n < 3x/2)2701002118783,11878457
Zeunerite  (*)AutuniteCu(UO2)2(AsO4)2·12H2O2701003118795,118797,118800185
Zippeite  (*)ZippeiteK2[(UO2)4(SO4)2O2(OH)2](H2O)4270552118800,118802175


2 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Lucy_081270100270-10040Ar - 39ArLodes post-dating elvan intrusion and primary mineralization.   Yes  1265St Just, Cornwall, England, UKSt JustHawkes et al. (1978 US4_51Possibility of hydrothermal degassing of lode material around 210 Ma and 215 Ma which overprints a primary formation age of roughly 270 Ma. New mineral growth may have occurred close to 165 Ma with further hydrothermal activity at about 100 Ma. Adularia from veins in the Lizard Complex also provides indication
Lucy_255615558 ± 3206Pb/238UUsing Pockleys Interpretations, it is acceptable to say that South Terras, Geevor, and Wheal Owles are not reliable indications of Tertiary mineralization.      1309Wheal Owles, Botallack, St Just, Cornwall, England, UKWheal OwlesDarnley et al. (1965) MM34_159Late infilling

SampleSource LocalityReference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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