Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Chihuahua, Mexico

Oldest recorded age at locality: 200
Youngest recorded age at locality: 1.85

mindat Locality ID: 2297
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-2297.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Chihuahua, Mexico": 553
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 400

Number of Child Localities: 54
Child Localities:
Ahumada Municipality
Aldama Municipality
Allende Municipality
Aquiles Serdán Municipality
Arechuybo
Ascención Municipality
Barranca De Cobre (Copper Canyon)
Batopilas Municipality
Bocoyna Municipality
Buenaventura Municipality
Carmargo Municipality
Carrillo Ranch
Casas Grandes
Casas Grandes Municipality
Chihuahua Municipality
Chínipas Municipality
Coyame Municipality
Cusihuiriáchic Municipality
Dolores Mine
Guadalupe Y Calvo Municipality
Guanacere
Guazapares Municipality
Hidalgo Del Parral Municipality
Huizopa
Janos Municipality
Jiménez Municipality
Julimes Municipality
La Mesa
La Prieta Mine
Las Brasas
Maguarichic Municipality
Manuel Benavides Municipality
Matamoros
Morelos Municipality
Moris Municipality
Namiquipa
Namiquipa Municipality
Nuevo Majalca
Ocampo Municipality
Ojinaga Municipality
Potosí
Pueblito De Allende
Rosario Municipality
San Carlos District
San Francisco Del Oro Municipality
Santa Bárbara Municipality
Santo Domingo
Saucillo Municipality
Sierra Blanca Meteorite (Huejuquilla; Jimenez; Villa Nueva)
Temósachic Municipality
Tres Castillos Meteorite
Urique Municipality
Uruáchic Municipality
Veta Colorada

Latitude: 28°19'23"N
Longitude: 106°41'26"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 28.323055555556,-106.69055555556

AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au B Ba Be Bi Br C Ca Cd Ce Cl Co Cr Cs Cu F Fe Ge H Hg I Ir K Mg Mn Mo N Na Nb Ni O Os P Pb Ru S Sb Sc Se Si Sn Sr Te Ti U V W Y Zn Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AcanthiteAdeliteAllophaneAluniteAmorphousAmphiboleAndalusiteApatiteApophylliteAragonite
ArsenicArsenopyriteAuricuprideBaddeleyiteBarringeriteBaryteBerdesinskiiteBixbyiteBournoniteBrannerite
BrochantiteCalciteCaledoniteCancrinite-sodaliteCeriteChalcanthiteChalcopyriteChloriteClayClinozoisite
ColumbiteCopiapiteCopperCoronaditeCorundumCovelliteCristobaliteCubaniteDescloiziteDiamond
DiasporeDmisteinbergiteEpidoteEpsomiteFeldsparFillowiteFluoriteFritzscheiteGarnetGraftonite
GypsumHalotrichiteHarmotomeHeulanditeHumiteIlvaiteIronJalpaiteKaoliniteKobellite
LöllingiteLillianiteLinariteMagnetoplumbiteMalachiteMarcasiteMayeniteMelanteriteMeliliteMica
MiniumMolybdeniteMordeniteMurdochiteNickelineNolaniteNoneNot in a structural groupNuwaiteOlivine
OrpimentPalygorskitePaqueitePentlanditePerovskitePhenakitePhosphuranylitePolybasitePseudobrookitePyrite
PyrophyllitePyroxeneQuartzRamsdelliteRaspiteRhodoniteRocksaltRutileSapphirineSartorite
ScheeliteSchoepiteSengieriteSerpentineSmectite-vermiculiteSodaliteSphaleriteSpinelStanniteStaurolite
StibniteSulphurTalcTetrahedriteThomsoniteTitaniteTopazTridymiteUllmanniteVesuvianite
VivianiteWollastoniteWurtziteXanthoconiteZircon

331 IMA Minerals at location:
Acanthite  (*)Actinolite  (*)Adamite  (*)Adrianite  (*)Aegirine  (*)
Aenigmatite  (*)Alabandite  (*)Albite  (*)Allendeite  (*)Alunite  (*)
Alunogen  (*)Andradite  (*)Anglesite  (*)Anhydrite  (*)Ankerite  (*)
Anorthite  (*)Antimony  (*)Aragonite  (*)Argentojarosite  (*)Argentopyrite  (*)
Armalcolite  (*)Arsendescloizite  (*)Arsenic  (*)Arsenopyrite  (*)Augite  (*)
Aurichalcite  (*)Austinite  (*)Awaruite  (*)Azurite  (*)Babingtonite  (*)
Baddeleyite  (*)Baileychlore  (*)Baryte  (*)Beckettite  (*)Becquerelite  (*)
Beidellite  (*)Beudantite  (*)Birnessite  (*)Bismuth  (*)Bismuthinite  (*)
Bixbyite  (*)Bohdanowiczite  (*)Boltwoodite  (*)Bornite  (*)Boulangerite  (*)
Bournonite  (*)Brochantite  (*)Bromargyrite  (*)Burnettite  (*)Bustamite  (*)
Butianite  (*)Calcite  (*)Caledonite  (*)Carlsbergite  (*)Carnotite  (*)
Caryopilite  (*)Cassiterite  (*)Celadonite  (*)Celestine  (*)Cerussite  (*)
Chalcanthite  (*)Chalcocite  (*)Chalcophanite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)Hibonite-(Fe)  (*)
Chlorargyrite  (*)Chromite  (*)Chrysocolla  (*)Cinnabar  (*)Clinochlore  (*)
Clinohumite  (*)Clintonite  (*)Columbite-(Fe)  (*)Conichalcite  (*)Copiapite  (*)
Copper  (*)Corkite  (*)Cornwallite  (*)Coronadite  (*)Corundum  (*)
Cosalite  (*)Coulsonite  (*)Covellite  (*)Creedite  (*)Cristobalite  (*)
Cronstedtite  (*)Cryptomelane  (*)Cummingtonite  (*)Cuprite  (*)Cuprosklodowskite  (*)
Cuprotungstite  (*)Danalite  (*)Daubréelite  (*)Davisite  (*)Dawsonite  (*)
Descloizite  (*)Diamond  (*)Diaphorite  (*)Diaspore  (*)Dickite  (*)
Diopside  (*)Djurleite  (*)Dmisteinbergite  (*)Dolomite  (*)Dufrénoysite  (*)
Enstatite  (*)Epidote  (*)Epsomite  (*)Eringaite  (*)Erythrite  (*)
Fayalite  (*)Ferberite  (*)Fergusonite-(Y)  (*)Fizélyite  (*)Fluoborite  (*)
Fluorapatite  (*)Fluorite  (*)Forsterite  (*)Franklinite  (*)Freibergite  (*)
Freieslebenite  (*)Gahnite  (*)Galena  (*)Goethite  (*)Gold  (*)
Goslarite  (*)Graftonite  (*)Greenockite  (*)Grossite  (*)Grossmanite  (*)
Grossular  (*)Groutite  (*)Gypsum  (*)Haiweeite  (*)Halite  (*)
Halotrichite  (*)Hardystonite  (*)Harmotome  (*)Hawleyite  (*)Heazlewoodite  (*)
Hedenbergite  (*)Hedyphane  (*)Helvine  (*)Hematite  (*)Hemimorphite  (*)
Hercynite  (*)Hetaerolite  (*)Heulandite-Ca  (*)Hexamolybdenum  (*)Hibonite  (*)
Hisingerite  (*)Hollandite  (*)Hübnerite  (*)Hutcheonite  (*)Hydroniumjarosite  (*)
Nováčekite-I  (*)Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)  (*)Hydroxylapatite  (*)Hydrozincite  (*)Ianthinite  (*)
Ilmenite  (*)Ilvaite  (*)Iodargyrite  (*)Iron  (*)Jacobsite  (*)
Jalpaite  (*)Jamesonite  (*)Jarosite  (*)Jeanbandyite  (*)Johannsenite  (*)
Johnsomervilleite  (*)Kaitianite  (*)Kamiokite  (*)Kangite  (*)Kaolinite  (*)
Kasolite  (*)Kentrolite  (*)Kermesite  (*)Khamrabaevite  (*)Kirkiite  (*)
Kirschsteinite  (*)Kobellite  (*)Kushiroite  (*)Kutnohorite  (*)Laumontite  (*)
Legrandite  (*)Linarite  (*)Litharge  (*)Löllingite  (*)Ludlamite  (*)
Luzonite  (*)Mackinawite  (*)Maghemite  (*)Magnetite  (*)Majindeite  (*)
Malachite  (*)Manganite  (*)Marcasite  (*)Margaritasite  (*)Margarite  (*)
Massicot  (*)Matildite  (*)Mckinstryite  (*)Melanotekite  (*)Melanterite  (*)
Mercury  (*)Merrillite  (*)Metaschoepite  (*)Metatyuyamunite  (*)Mimetite  (*)
Minium  (*)Mirabilite  (*)Molybdenite  (*)Molybdite  (*)Monipite  (*)
Monticellite  (*)Montmorillonite  (*)Mordenite  (*)Mottramite  (*)Murdochite  (*)
Muscovite  (*)Nagyágite  (*)Natanite  (*)Natrojarosite  (*)Nepheline  (*)
Nontronite  (*)Nsutite  (*)Nuffieldite  (*)Nuwaite  (*)Opal  (*)
Orpiment  (*)Orthobrannerite  (*)Orthoclase  (*)Palygorskite  (*)Panguite  (*)
Paqueite  (*)Gersdorffite-Pa3  (*)Uranophane-β  (*)Pearceite  (*)Pentlandite  (*)
Perovskite  (*)Petzite  (*)Phenakite  (*)Phlogopite  (*)Phosphuranylite  (*)
Pigeonite  (*)Plagionite  (*)Plattnerite  (*)Plumbojarosite  (*)Polybasite  (*)
Powellite  (*)Proudite  (*)Proustite  (*)Pyrargyrite  (*)Pyrite  (*)
Pyrolusite  (*)Pyromorphite  (*)Pyrophyllite  (*)Pyroxmangite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)
Quartz  (*)Rammelsbergite  (*)Ramsdellite  (*)Ranciéite  (*)Raspite  (*)
Realgar  (*)Rhodochrosite  (*)Rhodonite  (*)Rhönite  (*)Romanèchite  (*)
Rosasite  (*)Rutile  (*)Safflorite  (*)Sanidine  (*)Sarcopside  (*)
Sauconite  (*)Scheelite  (*)Schoepite  (*)Schreibersite  (*)Siderite  (*)
Silver  (*)Sklodowskite  (*)Smithsonite  (*)Sodalite  (*)Soddyite  (*)
Sphalerite  (*)Spinel  (*)Staurolite  (*)Stephanite  (*)Stibnite  (*)
Stromeyerite  (*)Sulphur  (*)Sylvite  (*)Taenite  (*)Talc  (*)
Tazheranite  (*)Tennantite-(Fe)  (*)Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)Tetrataenite  (*)Thénardite  (*)
Thomsonite-Ca  (*)Tintinaite  (*)Tistarite  (*)Titanite  (*)Todorokite  (*)
Topaz  (*)Torbernite  (*)Tremolite  (*)Troilite  (*)Tschermakite  (*)
Tugarinovite  (*)Tyuyamunite  (*)Ullmannite  (*)Uraninite  (*)Uranophane-α  (*)
Valentinite  (*)Vanadinite  (*)Vesuvianite  (*)Vivianite  (*)Vorlanite  (*)
Wadalite  (*)Weeksite  (*)Wickmanite  (*)Willemite  (*)Wollastonite  (*)
Woodruffite  (*)Wulfenite  (*)Wurtzite  (*)Xanthoconite  (*)Zircon  (*)
Zoisite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Acanthite  (*)AcanthiteAg2S60233481684,81694,81700,81701,81714,81715,81717,81737,81744,81747,81748,81771,81775,81828,81877,81881,81896,81899,81900,81908,81942,81982,81985,81997,81998,81999,82024,82026,82032,82041,82044,82104,82127,821472793
Actinolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)252.726681684,81717,81925,82016,82103,821333419
Adamite  (*)AndalusiteZn2(AsO4)(OH)26.626.6581681,81697,81833,81834,81982254
Adrianite  (*)NoneCa12(Al4Mg3Si7)O32Cl64567.614565.651820571
Aegirine  (*)PyroxeneNaFe3+Si2O61821131022
Aenigmatite  (*)SapphirineNa4[Fe2+10Ti2]O4[Si12O36]4567.614565.65182057133
Alabandite  (*)RocksaltMnS26.626.6181681312
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)52.726.6281684,817448803
Allendeite  (*)NoneSc4Zr3O124567.614565.651820572
Alunite  (*)NoneKAl3(SO4)2(OH)644.951.85581648,81651,81681,81876,81881966
Alunogen  (*)Not in a structural groupAl2(SO4)3(H2O)12·5H2O26.626.6181684272
Andradite  (*)GarnetCa3Fe3+2(SiO4)34567.6126781681,81684,81989,81993,82001,82057,821041534
Anglesite  (*)BarytePb(SO4)26.6261081624,81684,81685,81691,81908,82012,82018,82055,82086,821042734
Anhydrite  (*)Not in a structural groupCa(SO4)20026681684,81697,81940,82096,82104,821331588
Ankerite  (*)NoneCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)226.626.6281680,816913092
Anorthite  (*)FeldsparCa(Al2Si2O8)4567.614565.65281824,820571036
Antimony  (*)ArsenicSb181703363
Aragonite  (*)AragoniteCa(CO3)26.626.6481684,81689,81698,818343250
Argentojarosite  (*)AluniteAgFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)626.626.618168458
Argentopyrite  (*)CubaniteAgFe2S326.626.618169753
Armalcolite  (*)Pseudobrookite(Mg,Fe2+)Ti2O54567.614565.6518205739
Arsendescloizite  (*)AdelitePbZn(AsO4)(OH)26.626.618168120
Arsenic  (*)ArsenicAs52.745181717379
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS52.7261081680,81684,81697,81717,81744,81833,81834,81848,81967,821049052
Augite  (*)Pyroxene(Ca,Mg,Fe)2Si2O64567.6126.6281684,820572060
Aurichalcite  (*)None(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)626.626581684,81697,81979,81980,82104919
Austinite  (*)AdeliteCaZn(AsO4)(OH)26.626.6381681,81833,8183471
Awaruite  (*)Auricupride PerovskiteNi3Fe4567.614565.65182057166
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)2200262681684,81717,81803,81870,81904,81907,81908,81911,81913,81940,81967,82017,82022,82052,82053,82054,82060,82104,82138,82143,82144,82148,82149,82150,82151,821535509
Babingtonite  (*)RhodoniteCa2Fe2+Fe3+Si5O14(OH)181852161
Baddeleyite  (*)BaddeleyiteZrO24567.614565.65182057238
Baileychlore  (*)Chlorite Clay(Zn,Fe2+,Al,Mg)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)826.626.618168116
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)4567.61262581624,81684,81688,81706,81717,81795,81797,81802,81815,81833,81834,81876,81877,81881,81897,81898,81982,81990,82018,82038,82057,82062,82084,82096,8210411547
Beckettite  (*)SapphirineCa2V6Al6O204567.614565.651820571
Becquerelite  (*)NoneCa(UO2)6O4(OH)6·8H2O13.12.718165192
Beidellite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculite(Na,Ca)0.3Al2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2·nH2O281639,8203785
Beudantite  (*)AlunitePbFe3+3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)626.626.6381681,81833,81834413
Birnessite  (*)None(Na,Ca,K)0.6(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4·1.5H2O181639178
Bismuth  (*)ArsenicBi52.745281738,820221966
Bismuthinite  (*)StibniteBi2S326261821041935
Bixbyite  (*)BixbyiteMn3+2O3181711104
Bohdanowiczite  (*)NoneAgBiSe245.245.218170541
Boltwoodite  (*)None(K,Na)(UO2)(SiO3OH)·1.5H2O13.12.718165167
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS426.6261681684,81691,81697,81877,81881,81909,81963,81968,81979,81987,81989,82016,82104,82124,82128,821335516
Boulangerite  (*)NonePb5Sb4S112626182104843
Bournonite  (*)BournoniteCuPbSbS326.626381681,82096,821041089
Brochantite  (*)BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)626.626381624,81684,821041633
Bromargyrite  (*)RocksaltAgBr52.726.6581684,81717,81908,81931,81996227
Burnettite  (*)PyroxeneCaVAlSiO64567.614565.651820571
Bustamite  (*)WollastoniteMn2Ca2MnCa(Si3O9)226.626381681,82104,82133101
Butianite  (*)NuwaiteNi6SnS24567.614565.651820571
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)4567.611.856781624,81639,81651,81662,81680,81681,81684,81688,81690,81691,81692,81694,81697,81698,81701,81702,81705,81711,81717,81737,81741,81744,81747,81773,81778,81779,81780,81781,81782,81786,81797,81821,81833,81834,81848,81852,81860,81872,81876,81877,81881,81886,81888,81898,81908,81930,81931,81946,81947,81961,81969,81970,81982,81990,82016,82018,82022,82057,82061,82086,82095,82096,82100,82103,82104,82112,8211327770
Caledonite  (*)CaledoniteCu2Pb5(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)626.626.6181684359
Carlsbergite  (*)RocksaltCrN281823,8197326
Carnotite  (*)NoneK2(UO2)2(VO4)2·3H2O44.952.7681648,81649,81651,81652,81653,820101184
Caryopilite  (*)Clay SerpentineMn2+3Si2O5(OH)426.626.618168183
Cassiterite  (*)RutileSnO226.626381684,82008,821045171
Celadonite  (*)Mica ClayKMgFe3+Si4O10(OH)226.626.6181684309
Celestine  (*)BaryteSr(SO4)26.626381681,81786,820961252
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)45.2262481624,81634,81684,81691,81697,81699,81700,81705,81802,81804,81809,81811,81812,81814,81815,81820,81833,81834,81909,81919,82012,82017,82018,821044979
Chalcanthite  (*)ChalcanthiteCu(SO4)·5H2O52.726.6481684,81717,81731,81758925
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S47.326.6681684,81877,81908,81925,82060,821335707
Chalcophanite  (*)NoneZnMn4+3O7·3H2O26.626.6381681,81697,81881197
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS2200263381624,81684,81691,81697,81705,81717,81802,81805,81817,81828,81833,81834,81870,81877,81881,81908,81909,81915,81925,81940,81967,82016,82022,82060,82075,82078,82104,82122,82127,82130,82131,82133,8214727198
Hibonite-(Fe)  (*)MagnetoplumbiteFeAl12O194567.614565.651820571
Chlorargyrite  (*)RocksaltAgCl52.7261181624,81684,81685,81696,81701,81717,81833,81834,81909,81995,821041382
Chromite  (*)SpinelFe2+Cr2O44567.614565.65281983,820573902
Chrysocolla  (*)Allophane(Cu2-xAlx)H2-xSi2O5(OH)4·nH2O26261181833,81834,81870,81909,81954,81967,81989,81995,82000,82022,821043531
Cinnabar  (*)NoneHgS26.626581684,81692,81813,82018,821042600
Clinochlore  (*)Chlorite ClayMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)826.626.61816971756
Clinohumite  (*)HumiteMg9(SiO4)4F2182133236
Clintonite  (*)Mica ClayCaAlMg2(SiAl3O10)(OH)24567.614565.6518205786
Columbite-(Fe)  (*)ColumbiteFe2+Nb2O626.626.6181684518
Conichalcite  (*)AdeliteCaCu(AsO4)(OH)26.626581684,81833,81834,81982,82104363
Copiapite  (*)CopiapiteFe2+Fe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2·20H2O26.626281684,82104382
Copper  (*)CopperCu52.7261281636,81684,81741,81773,81790,81791,81793,81870,81967,81973,82065,821043846
Corkite  (*)AlunitePbFe3+3(SO4)(PO4)(OH)626.626.6181697151
Cornwallite  (*)NoneCu5(AsO4)2(OH)4182141175
Coronadite  (*)CoronaditePb(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O1626.626.6181684227
Corundum  (*)CorundumAl2O34567.614565.651820571797
Cosalite  (*)NonePb2Bi2S52626481856,81857,82104,82133344
Coulsonite  (*)SpinelFe2+V3+2O44567.614565.6518205716
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS26.626281681,821044165
Creedite  (*)NoneCa3Al2(SO4)(OH)2F8·2H2O26.626.6781680,81681,81684,81686,81693,81694,8169748
Cristobalite  (*)CristobaliteSiO226.626.6181681453
Cronstedtite  (*)Clay Serpentine(Fe2+,Fe3+)3(Si,Fe3+)2O5(OH)426.626.6281684,8169754
Cryptomelane  (*)CoronaditeK(Mn4+7Mn3+)O1626.626.6481639,81681,81969,81970599
Cummingtonite  (*)Amphibole   Mg2Mg5Si8O22(OH)226.626.6181681327
Cuprite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2O26.626681684,81870,81909,81919,81967,821042970
Cuprosklodowskite  (*)NoneCu(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2·6H2O26.626.618168158
Cuprotungstite  (*)NoneCu2+3(WO4)2(OH)218179267
Danalite  (*)Cancrinite-sodalite SodaliteBe3Fe2+4(SiO4)3S26.626.618168158
Daubréelite  (*)SpinelFeCr2S4381823,81973,81975157
Davisite  (*)PyroxeneCaScAlSiO64567.614565.651820573
Dawsonite  (*)NoneNaAl(CO3)(OH)226.626.618168490
Descloizite  (*)DescloizitePbZn(VO4)(OH)33.923781624,81684,81691,81701,81886,81888,82018378
Diamond  (*)DiamondC4567.614565.65182057697
Diaphorite  (*)NoneAg3Pb2Sb3S826.626.6181681126
Diaspore  (*)DiasporeAlO(OH)281876,81881481
Dickite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)426.626.6381681,81876,81881651
Diopside  (*)PyroxeneCaMgSi2O64567.6126681684,81799,82057,82103,82104,821334135
Djurleite  (*)NoneCu31S16181711300
Dmisteinbergite  (*)DmisteinbergiteCa(Al2Si2O8)4567.614565.651820574
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)252.7231381624,81681,81684,81697,81717,81886,82016,82017,82018,82096,82104,82105,821339895
Dufrénoysite  (*)SartoritePb2As2S552.74518171734
Enstatite  (*)PyroxeneMg2Si2O64567.614565.65281799,82057944
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)26.626981684,81876,81877,81881,81982,81989,82096,82104,821338173
Epsomite  (*)EpsomiteMg(SO4)·7H2O26.626.6281684,82016484
Eringaite  (*)GarnetCa3Sc2(SiO4)34567.614565.651820572
Erythrite  (*)VivianiteCo3(AsO4)2·8H2O182005814
Fayalite  (*)OlivineFe2+2(SiO4)4567.6126.6281697,82057371
Ferberite  (*)ColumbiteFe2+(WO4)26.626.6181681551
Fergusonite-(Y)  (*)ScheeliteYNbO4181669196
Fizélyite  (*)LillianiteAg5Pb14Sb21S4826.626.618168154
Fluoborite  (*)NoneMg3(BO3)F326.626.618168452
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F26.626.61816812740
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF245.2262381680,81681,81684,81686,81688,81690,81691,81697,81701,81705,81706,81833,81834,81876,81958,81967,82017,82018,82067,82096,82100,82104,821129617
Forsterite  (*)OlivineMg2(SiO4)4567.6126.6481681,81799,82057,821331188
Franklinite  (*)SpinelZnFe3+2O426.626.618168452
Freibergite  (*)TetrahedriteAg6[Cu4Fe2]Sb4S1226.626.6281684,81877663
Freieslebenite  (*)NoneAgPbSbS352.745281717,82161105
Gahnite  (*)SpinelZnAl2O4181711445
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS200235981623,81624,81681,81684,81691,81697,81705,81706,81707,81708,81709,81710,81717,81718,81725,81737,81739,81745,81756,81763,81828,81833,81834,81848,81879,81881,81889,81909,81919,81925,81927,81932,81940,81956,81961,81967,81982,82012,82014,82016,82018,82022,82029,82030,82032,82066,82067,82096,82100,82104,82112,82122,82131,82133,82137,82139,82145,82147,8215324243
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)44.71.852181616,81624,81630,81639,81651,81684,81691,81694,81697,81786,81803,81833,81834,81870,81877,81879,81887,81967,82005,82018,821047437
Gold  (*)CopperAu52.7263381660,81662,81666,81669,81673,81678,81679,81684,81697,81711,81717,81769,81833,81834,81868,81869,81877,81879,81881,81908,81920,81925,81949,81950,82041,82043,82044,82067,82104,82125,82126,82129,8213330554
Goslarite  (*)EpsomiteZn(SO4)·7H2O26.626.6281684,81908188
Graftonite  (*)GraftoniteFe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2181983107
Greenockite  (*)WurtziteCdS26.626.6281684,82018717
Grossite  (*)NoneCaAl4O74567.614565.6518205719
Grossmanite  (*)PyroxeneCa(Ti3+,Mg,Ti4+)AlSiO64567.614565.651820572
Grossular  (*)GarnetCa3Al2(SiO4)34567.6126681684,81982,81989,82057,82103,821041544
Groutite  (*)DiasporeMn3+O(OH)26.626.618168472
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O52.7262281624,81628,81629,81639,81681,81684,81685,81690,81691,81694,81697,81717,81797,82092,82096,82100,82101,82102,82103,82104,82105,821066890
Haiweeite  (*)NoneCa(UO2)2(Si5O12)(OH)2·6H2O44.9526.6381648,81650,8169015
Halite  (*)RocksaltNaCl26.626.61816841398
Halotrichite  (*)HalotrichiteFe2+Al2(SO4)4·22H2O26.626.6181681409
Hardystonite  (*)MeliliteCa2ZnSi2O718185214
Harmotome  (*)HarmotomeBa2(Si12Al4)O32·12H2O52.745181717290
Hawleyite  (*)SphaleriteCdS26.626.618168162
Heazlewoodite  (*)NoneNi3S24567.614565.65182057205
Hedenbergite  (*)PyroxeneCaFe2+Si2O64567.6126581684,81697,81852,82057,82104741
Hedyphane  (*)ApatiteCa2Pb3(AsO4)3Cl26.626.6281697,8201648
Helvine  (*)Sodalite Cancrinite-sodaliteBe3Mn2+4(SiO4)3S26.626.6181697237
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O344.71.852181624,81639,81651,81680,81684,81697,81707,81795,81797,81876,81877,81879,81881,81949,81950,81969,82016,82018,82022,82104,8213314640
Hemimorphite  (*)Not in a structural groupZn4(Si2O7)(OH)2·H2O135231781623,81624,81680,81681,81684,81697,81705,81706,81833,81834,81862,81884,81927,81982,82012,82018,821041689
Hercynite  (*)SpinelFe2+Al2O44567.614565.65182057407
Hetaerolite  (*)SpinelZnMn3+2O426.626.618168473
Heulandite-Ca  (*)Heulandite(Ca,Na,K)5(Si27Al9)O72·26H2O52.745181717246
Hexamolybdenum  (*)None(Mo,Ru,Fe,Ir,Os)4567.614565.651820575
Hibonite  (*)MagnetoplumbiteCaAl12O194567.614565.6518205780
Hisingerite  (*)Kaolinite ClayFe2Si2O5(OH)4·2H2O26.626.6281684,81697144
Hollandite  (*)CoronaditeBa(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O1626.626.6281639,81684243
Hübnerite  (*)ColumbiteMn2+(WO4)26.626.6181697469
Hutcheonite  (*)GarnetCa3Ti2(SiAl2)O124567.614565.651820571
Hydroniumjarosite  (*)Alunite(H3O)Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6262618210465
Nováčekite-I  (*)NoneMg(UO2)2(AsO4)2·12H2O26.626.6281673,8169055
Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)  (*)ApophylliteKCa4Si8O20(OH,F)·8H2O26.626.6281691,8169785
Hydroxylapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3OH181639367
Hydrozincite  (*)NoneZn5(CO3)2(OH)633.923781624,81641,81684,81697,81896,82016,821041066
Ianthinite  (*)NoneU4+2(UO2)4O6(OH)4·9H2O44.952.7281650,8165131
Ilmenite  (*)CorundumFe2+Ti4+O34567.611.85381651,81684,820575433
Ilvaite  (*)IlvaiteCaFe3+Fe2+2O(Si2O7)(OH)26.626281697,82104197
Iodargyrite  (*)WurtziteAgI52.726.61181684,81717,81801,81802,81806,81807,81808,81810,81816,81818,82147180
Iron  (*)IronFe4567.614565.65981788,81823,81934,81973,81975,81983,82057,82114,821181089
Jacobsite  (*)SpinelMn2+Fe3+2O426.626.6181681172
Jalpaite  (*)JalpaiteAg3CuS2381877,81881,82000116
Jamesonite  (*)NonePb4FeSb6S1426.626581684,81961,81967,82096,82104784
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)644.951.85581642,81648,81651,81684,817862228
Jeanbandyite  (*)PerovskiteFe3+Sn(OH)5O26.626.61816977
Johannsenite  (*)PyroxeneCaMnSi2O626.626.618168173
Johnsomervilleite  (*)FillowiteNa3CaFe2+11(PO4)918198311
Kaitianite  (*)BerdesinskiiteTi3+2Ti4+O54567.614565.651820571
Kamiokite  (*)NolaniteFe2+2Mo4+3O84567.614565.651820578
Kangite  (*)Bixbyite(Sc,Ti,Al,Zr,Mg,Ca,   )2O34567.614565.651820571
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)444.951.85881639,81648,81651,81656,81684,81876,81877,818815591
Kasolite  (*)NonePb(UO2)(SiO4)·H2O44.9526.6281654,81681198
Kentrolite  (*)NonePb2Mn3+2O2(Si2O7)18185222
Kermesite  (*)NoneSb2OS2181703230
Khamrabaevite  (*)RocksaltTiC4567.614565.651820577
Kirkiite  (*)NonePb10Bi3As3S191818073
Kirschsteinite  (*)OlivineCaFe2+(SiO4)4567.614565.65281852,8205733
Kobellite  (*)KobellitePb11(Cu,Fe)2(Bi,Sb)15S35262618210487
Kushiroite  (*)PyroxeneCaAlAlSiO64567.614565.651820574
Kutnohorite  (*)NoneCaMn2+(CO3)226.626.6181697234
Laumontite  (*)Not in a structural groupCaAl2Si4O12·4H2O29.227.8282022,820391271
Legrandite  (*)NoneZn2(AsO4)(OH)·H2O26.626.618169720
Linarite  (*)LinariteCuPb(SO4)(OH)226.626381684,82096,82104987
Litharge  (*)NonePbO52.745281717,81909139
Löllingite  (*)LöllingiteFeAs252.745181717762
Ludlamite  (*)NoneFe2+3(PO4)2·4H2O26.626.6281681,8168466
Luzonite  (*)Stannite SphaleriteCu3AsS426.626.6181681198
Mackinawite  (*)None(Fe,Ni)1+xS (x = 0-0.07)2626182104451
Maghemite  (*)Spinel(Fe3+0.67   0.33)Fe3+2O426.626.6181681229
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O44567.611.85981651,81684,81795,81797,81852,82016,82057,82104,8213314899
Majindeite  (*)NolaniteMg2Mo3O84567.614565.651820571
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2200261581684,81691,81717,81803,81833,81834,81870,81908,81909,81940,81967,81989,82022,82060,8210412537
Manganite  (*)RutileMn3+O(OH)26.626.6281691,81697770
Marcasite  (*)MarcasiteFeS226.626581684,81691,81821,82018,821045674
Margaritasite  (*)SengieriteCs2(UO2)2(VO4)2·H2O44.9538.3281648,816492
Margarite  (*)Mica ClayCaAl2Si2Al2O10(OH)24567.614565.65182057168
Massicot  (*)NonePbO52.726.6481684,81717,81909,82086202
Matildite  (*)NoneAgBiS22626282096,82104252
Mckinstryite  (*)NoneAg5Cu3S418188151
Melanotekite  (*)NonePb2Fe3+2O2(Si2O7)18185222
Melanterite  (*)MelanteriteFe(SO4)·7H2O26.626.6181684915
Mercury  (*)NoneHg2626182104397
Merrillite  (*)CeriteCa9NaMg(PO4)74567.614565.65182057230
Metaschoepite  (*)Schoepite(UO2)8O2(OH)12·10H2O13.12.718165117
Metatyuyamunite  (*)FritzscheiteCa(UO2)2(VO4)2·3H2O26.626.6281675,81681129
Mimetite  (*)ApatitePb5(AsO4)3Cl33.9231781680,81681,81684,81685,81694,81697,81699,81706,81833,81834,81848,81886,81982,82016,82018,82096,821041107
Minium  (*)MiniumPb2+2Pb4+O426.626.6481684,81697,82012,82018247
Mirabilite  (*)NoneNa2(SO4)·10H2O26.626.6181684223
Molybdenite  (*)MolybdeniteMoS24567.6126581648,81717,81940,82057,821045800
Molybdite  (*)NoneMoO3181929140
Monipite  (*)BarringeriteMoNiP4567.614565.651820571
Monticellite  (*)OlivineCaMg(SiO4)4567.614565.65381852,82057,82133153
Montmorillonite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculite(Na,Ca)0.3(Al,Mg)2Si4O10(OH)2·nH2O4567.611.85681651,81656,81684,81877,82057,821041508
Mordenite  (*)Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96·28H2O181639405
Mottramite  (*)DescloizitePbCu(VO4)(OH)26.626.6181684362
Murdochite  (*)MurdochiteCu12Pb2O15Cl226.626.618168434
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)252.7261081614,81662,81681,81684,81717,81876,81877,81881,81925,8210417380
Nagyágite  (*)None[Pb3(Pb,Sb)3S6](Au,Te)3282029,8203067
Natanite  (*)PerovskiteFe2+Sn4+(OH)626.626.618169714
Natrojarosite  (*)AluniteNaFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)626.626.6181685254
Nepheline  (*)TridymiteNa3K(Al4Si4O16)4567.614565.65182057884
Nontronite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculiteNa0.3Fe3+2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2·nH2O26.626381684,81694,82104471
Nsutite  (*)RamsdelliteMn2+xMn4+1-xO2-2x(OH)2x26.626.6181684121
Nuffieldite  (*)KobelliteCu1.4Pb2.4Bi2.4Sb0.2S7262618210432
Nuwaite  (*)NuwaiteNi6GeS24567.614565.651820571
Opal  (*)AmorphousSiO2·nH2O44.951.85681637,81639,81648,81651,81877,820182994
Orpiment  (*)OrpimentAs2S326.626.6181681511
Orthobrannerite  (*)BranneriteU4+U6+Ti4O12(OH)213.12.71816515
Orthoclase  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)26.626381684,81691,821042349
Palygorskite  (*)Palygorskite Clay(Mg,Al)2Si4O10(OH)·4H2O2626281881,82104306
Panguite  (*)Not in a structural group(Ti,Al,Sc,Mg,Zr,Ca)1.8O34567.614565.651820572
Paqueite  (*)PaqueiteCa3TiSi2(Al,Ti,Si)3O144567.614565.651820571
Gersdorffite-Pa3  (*)PyriteNiAsS2626282005,82104767
Uranophane-β  (*)NoneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2·5H2O44.952.7381648,81651,81653144
Pearceite  (*)Polybasite[Ag9CuS4][(Ag,Cu)6(As,Sb)2S7]2626381877,81881,82104249
Pentlandite  (*)Pentlandite(Ni,Fe)9S84567.614565.651820571512
Perovskite  (*)PerovskiteCaTiO34567.614565.65182057495
Petzite  (*)NoneAg3AuTe2282029,82030409
Phenakite  (*)PhenakiteBe2(SiO4)26.626.6181681326
Phlogopite  (*)Mica ClayKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)21821332273
Phosphuranylite  (*)PhosphuranyliteKCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4·8H2O44.9538.3181648182
Pigeonite  (*)Pyroxene(Mg,Fe,Ca)2Si2O64567.614565.65182057303
Plagionite  (*)NonePb5Sb8S1726.626.6181681100
Plattnerite  (*)RutilePbO226.626.6181684158
Plumbojarosite  (*)AlunitePb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)626.626881624,81684,81697,81833,81834,82018,82036,82104477
Polybasite  (*)Polybasite[Ag9CuS4][(Ag,Cu)6(Sb,As)2S7]52.726981697,81707,81717,81908,81933,82022,82023,82104,82147716
Powellite  (*)ScheeliteCa(MoO4)44.951.85381648,81651,82104494
Proudite  (*)NoneCu2Pb16Bi20(S,Se)471819764
Proustite  (*)NoneAg3AsS352.726681684,81717,81771,81908,81943,82104733
Pyrargyrite  (*)NoneAg3SbS352.7261381701,81707,81717,81736,81745,81749,81750,81755,81758,81766,81771,81967,821041425
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS22001.856981624,81648,81651,81660,81662,81681,81684,81691,81697,81705,81717,81773,81797,81828,81833,81834,81847,81848,81870,81876,81877,81879,81881,81900,81901,81906,81909,81910,81911,81912,81913,81917,81918,81925,81931,81940,81957,81959,81965,81967,81982,82016,82018,82022,82029,82030,82041,82060,82080,82081,82087,82089,82090,82092,82096,82100,82104,82122,82127,82133,82136,82141,82144,82146,82147,82148,82152,82154,8216239462
Pyrolusite  (*)RutileMnO226.626.6381639,81684,816973106
Pyromorphite  (*)ApatitePb5(PO4)3Cl26.626.6681624,81684,81949,81950,81951,819821725
Pyrophyllite  (*)Clay PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2281876,81881771
Pyroxmangite  (*)NoneMn2+SiO326.626.6181681147
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S84567.6126881680,81684,81697,81705,82057,82092,82096,821049056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO252.71.857481614,81615,81616,81617,81618,81619,81620,81621,81622,81624,81626,81631,81637,81638,81639,81648,81651,81656,81680,81681,81684,81688,81690,81691,81694,81697,81705,81707,81711,81712,81717,81725,81739,81744,81756,81763,81773,81797,81854,81859,81860,81861,81862,81863,81864,81872,81876,81877,81879,81881,81899,81900,81908,81942,81967,81969,81977,81982,81993,81994,82002,82015,82017,82018,82022,82038,82041,82044,82096,82103,82104,82133,82147,8216061156
Rammelsbergite  (*)LöllingiteNiAs252.745281707,81717233
Ramsdellite  (*)RamsdelliteMnO226.626.6381630,81639,8168488
Ranciéite  (*)None(Ca,Mn2+)0.2(Mn4+,Mn3+)O2·0.6H2O181639177
Raspite  (*)RaspitePb(WO4)26.626.618168426
Realgar  (*)NoneAsS26.626.6281684,81697712
Rhodochrosite  (*)CalciteMn(CO3)26.626781681,81682,81684,81697,81877,81908,821041711
Rhodonite  (*)RhodoniteCaMn3Mn(Si5O15)26.626.6181697969
Rhönite  (*)SapphirineCa4[Mg8Fe3+2Ti2]O4[Si6Al6O36]4567.614565.6518205747
Romanèchite  (*)None(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10281866,81881312
Rosasite  (*)MalachiteCuZn(CO3)(OH)226.626.6381684,81833,81834454
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO244.71.85581614,81651,81681,82104,821335614
Safflorite  (*)LöllingiteCoAs252.745281707,81717317
Sanidine  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)26.626.6181684598
Sarcopside  (*)NoneFe2+3(PO4)218198358
Sauconite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculiteNa0.3Zn3(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2·4H2O26.626.618168156
Scheelite  (*)ScheeliteCa(WO4)26.626481681,81792,81928,821044894
Schoepite  (*)Schoepite(UO2)4O(OH)6(H2O)644.952.7281650,8165194
Schreibersite  (*)None(Fe,Ni)3P681788,81823,81973,81983,82114,82118374
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)26.626581639,81684,81697,82096,821046417
Silver  (*)CopperAg52.7265781684,81701,81707,81711,81712,81716,81717,81721,81722,81724,81725,81726,81729,81730,81732,81737,81738,81741,81742,81743,81744,81745,81746,81747,81748,81750,81753,81754,81755,81757,81758,81760,81761,81764,81765,81766,81767,81871,81877,81908,81962,81964,82000,82023,82024,82026,82041,82044,82046,82047,82089,82104,82136,82147,82156,82157,821585186
Sklodowskite  (*)NoneMg(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2·6H2O26.626.618169056
Smithsonite  (*)CalciteZn(CO3)33.9231281684,81691,81697,81833,81834,81862,81884,81892,81893,81896,82018,821042473
Sodalite  (*)Cancrinite-sodalite SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl4567.614565.65182057444
Soddyite  (*)None(UO2)2(SiO4)(H2O)244.952.7281650,8165144
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS200237081624,81680,81681,81684,81691,81697,81705,81717,81737,81738,81744,81828,81833,81834,81852,81879,81881,81889,81891,81894,81896,81901,81902,81903,81905,81906,81910,81911,81925,81940,81955,81960,81962,81966,81967,81971,81982,82016,82018,82064,82067,82072,82073,82074,82076,82077,82079,82082,82083,82084,82085,82086,82088,82090,82096,82097,82098,82099,82100,82104,82107,82108,82109,82110,82111,82112,82117,82122,82127,8213321482
Spinel  (*)SpinelMgAl2O44567.614565.65281799,820571934
Staurolite  (*)StauroliteFe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH)182016978
Stephanite  (*)NoneAg5SbS452.726881681,81717,81744,81870,81909,81917,82026,82104586
Stibnite  (*)StibniteSb2S330.626.61581684,81703,81901,81902,81903,81905,81906,81910,81911,81912,81913,81914,81916,81917,820673418
Stromeyerite  (*)NoneCuAgS29.227.8381870,81881,82049332
Sulphur  (*)SulphurS26.626.6381624,81684,816972045
Sylvite  (*)RocksaltKCl26.626.6181684275
Taenite  (*)None(Ni,Fe)4567.614565.65881788,81823,81973,81975,81983,82057,82114,82118703
Talc  (*)Clay TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)252.726.6381684,81733,819433337
Tazheranite  (*)Fluorite(Zr,Ti,Ca)(O,   )24567.614565.651820578
Tennantite-(Fe)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Fe2)As4S1352.726581684,81717,81881,81925,821041803
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S1352.7261681684,81717,81833,81834,81923,81925,81936,82016,82070,82104,82122,82135,82140,82142,82147,821625317
Tetrataenite  (*)NoneFeNi181788116
Thénardite  (*)NoneNa2(SO4)26.626.6181684299
Thomsonite-Ca  (*)ThomsoniteNaCa2(Al5Si5)O20·6H2O26.626.6181684452
Tintinaite  (*)KobellitePb10Cu2Sb16S35262618210424
Tistarite  (*)CorundumTi2O34567.614565.651820572
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O44.71.851816514899
Todorokite  (*)None(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12·3-4H2O26.626381639,81684,82104433
Topaz  (*)TopazAl2SiO4F226.626.61816841476
Torbernite  (*)NoneCu(UO2)2(PO4)2·12H2O1820201059
Tremolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg5.0-4.5Fe2+0.0-0.5)Si8O22(OH)226.626281684,821042562
Troilite  (*)NoneFeS4567.614565.65781788,81823,81973,81975,81983,82057,821181044
Tschermakite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg3Al2)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)24567.614565.6518205773
Tugarinovite  (*)RutileMoO24567.614565.651820575
Tyuyamunite  (*)NoneCa(UO2)2(VO4)2·5-8H2O44.9526.6281648,81681628
Ullmannite  (*)UllmanniteNiSbS2626182104293
Uraninite  (*)FluoriteUO244.952.71581648,81649,81650,81651,81660,81661,81662,81664,81665,81667,81668,81669,81670,81671,816722718
Uranophane-α  (*)NoneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2·5H2O44.952.7781648,81650,81651,81653,81656,81662,81681890
Valentinite  (*)NoneSb2O3181703369
Vanadinite  (*)ApatitePb5(VO4)3Cl33.923981623,81624,81684,81699,81820,81886,81888,82016,82061605
Vesuvianite  (*)Vesuvianite(Ca,Na)19(Al,Mg,Fe)13(SiO4)10(Si2O7)4(OH,F,O)1026.626481684,82096,82104,821331395
Vivianite  (*)VivianiteFe2+3(PO4)2·8H2O26.626.6381680,81681,81684636
Vorlanite  (*)FluoriteCaUO413.12.71816515
Wadalite  (*)MayeniteCa6Al5Si2O16Cl34567.614565.6518205711
Weeksite  (*)None(K)2(UO2)2(Si5O13)·4H2O44.952.7581648,81649,81651,81652,8165342
Wickmanite  (*)PerovskiteMn2+Sn4+(OH)626.626.618169724
Willemite  (*)PhenakiteZn2SiO426.626.6881624,81684,81688,81697,81702,81833,81834,82018303
Wollastonite  (*)WollastoniteCaSiO34567.6126681695,81701,82057,82096,82104,821331247
Woodruffite  (*)NoneZn2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10·4H2O26.626.618168425
Wulfenite  (*)ScheelitePbMoO445.2232181623,81624,81680,81684,81697,81699,81705,81706,81833,81834,81848,81849,81886,81888,81889,81982,82016,82017,82018,82096,821041655
Wurtzite  (*)WurtziteZnS26.626.6281681,82018372
Xanthoconite  (*)XanthoconiteAg3AsS352.74518171789
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)26.626.61816845251
Zoisite  (*)EpidoteCa2Al3[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)26261821041025



Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:
Age IDLocality Notes
EG98_1029_tbl_1_001epithermal
EG98_1029_tbl_1_003epithermal
EG98_1029_tbl_1_004epithermal
Giersdorf_00000268Granodiorite intrusion into marine sediment
Giersdorf_00000810The Nopal I deposit is part of a Basin and Range horst composed of Tertiary rhyolitic tufts underlain by carbonate sedimentary rocks as is Yucca Mountain (Mesozoic carbonates at Nopal, Paleozoic carbonates at Yucca Mountain). Further, both the proposed Yucca Mountain repository horizon and the Nopal I deposit are located in the oxidizing, hydrologically unsaturated zone 100 m or more above the water table. The locality is similar chemically to the Yucca Mountain locality and is studied due to the chemical environment being ideal to store nuclear waste.
Giersdorf_00000811The Nopal I deposit is part of a Basin and Range horst composed of Tertiary rhyolitic tufts underlain by carbonate sedimentary rocks as is Yucca Mountain (Mesozoic carbonates at Nopal, Paleozoic carbonates at Yucca Mountain). Further, both the proposed Yucca Mountain repository horizon and the Nopal I deposit are located in the oxidizing, hydrologically unsaturated zone 100 m or more above the water table. The locality is similar chemically to the Yucca Mountain locality and is studied due to the chemical environment being ideal to store nuclear waste.
Giersdorf_00000812The Nopal I deposit is part of a Basin and Range horst composed of Tertiary rhyolitic tufts underlain by carbonate sedimentary rocks as is Yucca Mountain (Mesozoic carbonates at Nopal, Paleozoic carbonates at Yucca Mountain). Further, both the proposed Yucca Mountain repository horizon and the Nopal I deposit are located in the oxidizing, hydrologically unsaturated zone 100 m or more above the water table. The locality is similar chemically to the Yucca Mountain locality and is studied due to the chemical environment being ideal to store nuclear waste.
Giersdorf_00000813The Nopal I deposit is part of a Basin and Range horst composed of Tertiary rhyolitic tufts underlain by carbonate sedimentary rocks as is Yucca Mountain (Mesozoic carbonates at Nopal, Paleozoic carbonates at Yucca Mountain). Further, both the proposed Yucca Mountain repository horizon and the Nopal I deposit are located in the oxidizing, hydrologically unsaturated zone 100 m or more above the water table. The locality is similar chemically to the Yucca Mountain locality and is studied due to the chemical environment being ideal to store nuclear waste.
Giersdorf_00000814The Nopal I deposit is part of a Basin and Range horst composed of Tertiary rhyolitic tufts underlain by carbonate sedimentary rocks as is Yucca Mountain (Mesozoic carbonates at Nopal, Paleozoic carbonates at Yucca Mountain). Further, both the proposed Yucca Mountain repository horizon and the Nopal I deposit are located in the oxidizing, hydrologically unsaturated zone 100 m or more above the water table. The locality is similar chemically to the Yucca Mountain locality and is studied due to the chemical environment being ideal to store nuclear waste.
Giersdorf_00000815The Nopal I deposit is part of a Basin and Range horst composed of Tertiary rhyolitic tufts underlain by carbonate sedimentary rocks as is Yucca Mountain (Mesozoic carbonates at Nopal, Paleozoic carbonates at Yucca Mountain). Further, both the proposed Yucca Mountain repository horizon and the Nopal I deposit are located in the oxidizing, hydrologically unsaturated zone 100 m or more above the water table. The locality is similar chemically to the Yucca Mountain locality and is studied due to the chemical environment being ideal to store nuclear waste.
Giersdorf_00000816The Nopal I deposit is part of a Basin and Range horst composed of Tertiary rhyolitic tufts underlain by carbonate sedimentary rocks as is Yucca Mountain (Mesozoic carbonates at Nopal, Paleozoic carbonates at Yucca Mountain). Further, both the proposed Yucca Mountain repository horizon and the Nopal I deposit are located in the oxidizing, hydrologically unsaturated zone 100 m or more above the water table. The locality is similar chemically to the Yucca Mountain locality and is studied due to the chemical environment being ideal to store nuclear waste.
Giersdorf_00000817The Nopal I deposit is part of a Basin and Range horst composed of Tertiary rhyolitic tufts underlain by carbonate sedimentary rocks as is Yucca Mountain (Mesozoic carbonates at Nopal, Paleozoic carbonates at Yucca Mountain). Further, both the proposed Yucca Mountain repository horizon and the Nopal I deposit are located in the oxidizing, hydrologically unsaturated zone 100 m or more above the water table. The locality is similar chemically to the Yucca Mountain locality and is studied due to the chemical environment being ideal to store nuclear waste.
Giersdorf_00000818The Nopal I deposit is part of a Basin and Range horst composed of Tertiary rhyolitic tufts underlain by carbonate sedimentary rocks as is Yucca Mountain (Mesozoic carbonates at Nopal, Paleozoic carbonates at Yucca Mountain). Further, both the proposed Yucca Mountain repository horizon and the Nopal I deposit are located in the oxidizing, hydrologically unsaturated zone 100 m or more above the water table. The locality is similar chemically to the Yucca Mountain locality and is studied due to the chemical environment being ideal to store nuclear waste.
Giersdorf_00000955The Sierra Peña Blanca is located to the north of Aldama City (Chihuahua State). It corresponds to an uplifted faulted block about 80 km long and 15 to 20 km wide, of Mesozoic and Cenozoic rocks, surrounded by basins to the west and the east. The average elevation of the sierra is 1,800 m, whereas the basins are around 1,600 m and decrease gradually eastward. This sierra,as well as other sierras belonging to the Basin and Range system, presents a general northward strike, with a tilt to the west.
Giersdorf_00000955bThe Sierra Peña Blanca is located to the north of Aldama City (Chihuahua State). It corresponds to an uplifted faulted block about 80 km long and 15 to 20 km wide, of Mesozoic and Cenozoic rocks, surrounded by basins to the west and the east. The average elevation of the sierra is 1,800 m, whereas the basins are around 1,600 m and decrease gradually eastward. This sierra,as well as other sierras belonging to the Basin and Range system, presents a general northward strike, with a tilt to the west.
Giersdorf_00000956The Sierra Peña Blanca is located to the north of Aldama City (Chihuahua State). It corresponds to an uplifted faulted block about 80 km long and 15 to 20 km wide, of Mesozoic and Cenozoic rocks, surrounded by basins to the west and the east. The average elevation of the sierra is 1,800 m, whereas the basins are around 1,600 m and decrease gradually eastward. This sierra,as well as other sierras belonging to the Basin and Range system, presents a general northward strike, with a tilt to the west.
Giersdorf_00000957The Sierra Peña Blanca is located to the north of Aldama City (Chihuahua State). It corresponds to an uplifted faulted block about 80 km long and 15 to 20 km wide, of Mesozoic and Cenozoic rocks, surrounded by basins to the west and the east. The average elevation of the sierra is 1,800 m, whereas the basins are around 1,600 m and decrease gradually eastward. This sierra,as well as other sierras belonging to the Basin and Range system, presents a general northward strike, with a tilt to the west.
Giersdorf_00000958The Sierra Peña Blanca is located to the north of Aldama City (Chihuahua State). It corresponds to an uplifted faulted block about 80 km long and 15 to 20 km wide, of Mesozoic and Cenozoic rocks, surrounded by basins to the west and the east. The average elevation of the sierra is 1,800 m, whereas the basins are around 1,600 m and decrease gradually eastward. This sierra,as well as other sierras belonging to the Basin and Range system, presents a general northward strike, with a tilt to the west.
Giersdorf_00000959The Sierra Peña Blanca is located to the north of Aldama City (Chihuahua State). It corresponds to an uplifted faulted block about 80 km long and 15 to 20 km wide, of Mesozoic and Cenozoic rocks, surrounded by basins to the west and the east. The average elevation of the sierra is 1,800 m, whereas the basins are around 1,600 m and decrease gradually eastward. This sierra,as well as other sierras belonging to the Basin and Range system, presents a general northward strike, with a tilt to the west.
Giersdorf_00000960The Nopal 1 Deposit is confined to a breccia zone or pipe, limited to by faults. The breccia pipe is 100m high x 20m x 40m wide. The deposit is found within the Nopal Rhyolite. Uranium minerals found in the deposit are primarily oxidized.
Giersdorf_00000961The Las Margaritas Deposit is hosedted by the Escuadra Formation and is found on the axis of a tectonic valley.
Giersdorf_00000962The Puerto 3 deposit is located to the northwest of the Las Margaritas deposit and is hosted by the Nopal Rhyolite overlain by the Escuadra Formation.


31 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Giersdorf_00000823b4444<44      Uraninite 22313Peña Blanca District, Aldama Municipality, Chihuahua, Mexico     
Giersdorf_0000095553.853.853.8-42.2        17023Sierra Peña Blanca, Peña Blanca District, Aldama Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoPeña BlancaGeorge-Aniel et al. (1991)10.2113/gsecongeo.86.2.233EG86_233The age of 53.8 is given for altered biotites and 42.2 is given for sanidine. This is the referred to in the literature as unit 1.
Giersdorf_00000955b4242         17023Sierra Peña Blanca, Peña Blanca District, Aldama Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoPeña BlancaGeorge-Aniel et al. (1991)10.2113/gsecongeo.86.2.233EG86_233The age of 53.8 is given for altered biotites and 42.2 is given for sanidine. This is the referred to in the literature as unit 1.
Giersdorf_0000095644.742.943.8±0.9  sanidine   Sanidine  17023Sierra Peña Blanca, Peña Blanca District, Aldama Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoPeña BlancaGeorge-Aniel et al. (1991)10.2113/gsecongeo.86.2.233EG86_233Age given for the Nopal rhyolite which underlies what was previously referred to as the Escuadra Formation. The two are occasionally separated by a thin layer of pumice, but together make up what is referred to as unit 2 in the literature.
Giersdorf_0000095745.443.644.5±0.9  sanidine   Sanidine  17023Sierra Peña Blanca, Peña Blanca District, Aldama Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoPeña BlancaGeorge-Aniel et al. (1991)10.2113/gsecongeo.86.2.233EG86_233Age given for what was previously referred to as the Escuadra formation, which overlies the Nopal Rhyolite. The two are occasionally separated by a thin layer of pumice, but together make up what is referred to as unit 2 in the literature.
Giersdorf_0000095838.338.338.3 After approximately a 6 Ma hiatus, which is generalized in all of the surrounding areas, volcanic activity started again and formed the top part of the Escuadra Formation.sanidine   Sanidine  17023Sierra Peña Blanca, Peña Blanca District, Aldama Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoPeña BlancaGeorge-Aniel et al. (1991)10.2113/gsecongeo.86.2.233EG86_233Age given for the upper part of the Escuadra Formation, still a component of Unit 2.
Giersdorf_0000095937.337.337.3 The age of the Mesa Formation is given to be the youngest volcanogenic rock of the area.sanidine   Sanidine  17023Sierra Peña Blanca, Peña Blanca District, Aldama Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoPeña BlancaGeorge-Aniel et al. (1991)10.2113/gsecongeo.86.2.233EG86_233The Mesa formation is a component of what is referred to as Unit 5 of the locality.
Giersdorf_0000096144.9538.344.95-38.3      Carnotite, Margaritasite, Molybdenite, Phosphuranylite, Powellite, Tyuyamunite, Uranophane, ParauranophaneU15672Margaritas No. 1 Mine, Sierra Peña Blanca, Peña Blanca District, Aldama Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoLas MargaritasGeorge-Aniel et al. (1991)10.2113/gsecongeo.86.2.233EG86_233Age of the deposit is given by the window of ages for the Escuadra Formation.
Giersdorf_0000081043.843.843.8 The age of 43.8 is provided as a constrant on the maximum possible uranium mineralization age as that is the age given to the host rock.      17009Nopal No. 1 Mine, Sierra Peña Blanca, Peña Blanca District, Aldama Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoNopal I minePearcy et al. (1994)10.1016/0883-2927(94)90030-2AG9_713 
Giersdorf_0000081113.12.77.9±5.2U-PbAge is the average age from microprobe analysis on 7 sampleshighuraninite   UraniniteBecquerelite, Boltwoodite, Ianthinite, Schoepite, Soddyite, Uraninite, WeeksiteU17009Nopal No. 1 Mine, Sierra Peña Blanca, Peña Blanca District, Aldama Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoNopal I minePearcy et al. (1994)10.1016/0883-2927(94)90030-2AG9_713 
Giersdorf_0000081211.587.729.65±1.93U-Pb uraninite32-ts2-p1  UraniniteBecquerelite, Boltwoodite, Ianthinite, Schoepite, Soddyite, Uraninite, WeeksiteU17009Nopal No. 1 Mine, Sierra Peña Blanca, Peña Blanca District, Aldama Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoNopal I minePearcy et al. (1994)10.1016/0883-2927(94)90030-2AG9_713 
Giersdorf_0000081310.16.088.09±2.01U-Pb uraninite32-ts2-p4  UraniniteBecquerelite, Boltwoodite, Ianthinite, Schoepite, Soddyite, Uraninite, WeeksiteU17009Nopal No. 1 Mine, Sierra Peña Blanca, Peña Blanca District, Aldama Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoNopal I minePearcy et al. (1994)10.1016/0883-2927(94)90030-2AG9_713 
Giersdorf_000008145.551.853.7±1.85U-Pb uraninite32-ts2-p5  UraniniteBecquerelite, Boltwoodite, Ianthinite, Schoepite, Soddyite, Uraninite, WeeksiteU17009Nopal No. 1 Mine, Sierra Peña Blanca, Peña Blanca District, Aldama Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoNopal I minePearcy et al. (1994)10.1016/0883-2927(94)90030-2AG9_713 
Giersdorf_0000081515.2111.4113.31±1.9U-Pb uraninite32-ts2-p6  UraniniteBecquerelite, Boltwoodite, Ianthinite, Schoepite, Soddyite, Uraninite, WeeksiteU17009Nopal No. 1 Mine, Sierra Peña Blanca, Peña Blanca District, Aldama Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoNopal I minePearcy et al. (1994)10.1016/0883-2927(94)90030-2AG9_713 
Giersdorf_0000081612.368.2610.31±2.05U-Pb uraninite1-ts3-p1  UraniniteBecquerelite, Boltwoodite, Ianthinite, Schoepite, Soddyite, Uraninite, WeeksiteU17009Nopal No. 1 Mine, Sierra Peña Blanca, Peña Blanca District, Aldama Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoNopal I minePearcy et al. (1994)10.1016/0883-2927(94)90030-2AG9_713 
Giersdorf_000008176.222.084.15±2.07U-Pb uraninite1-ts3-p2  UraniniteBecquerelite, Boltwoodite, Ianthinite, Schoepite, Soddyite, Uraninite, WeeksiteU17009Nopal No. 1 Mine, Sierra Peña Blanca, Peña Blanca District, Aldama Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoNopal I minePearcy et al. (1994)10.1016/0883-2927(94)90030-2AG9_713 
Giersdorf_000008188.124.066.09±2.03U-Pb uraninite1-ts3-p6  UraniniteBecquerelite, Boltwoodite, Ianthinite, Schoepite, Soddyite, Uraninite, WeeksiteU17009Nopal No. 1 Mine, Sierra Peña Blanca, Peña Blanca District, Aldama Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoNopal I minePearcy et al. (1994)10.1016/0883-2927(94)90030-2AG9_713 
Giersdorf_0000096044.742.943.8±0.9 The Nopal 1 Deposit and similar deposits are described as forming at the same time as the Nopal Rhyolite and are attributed its age.    UraniniteU17009Nopal No. 1 Mine, Sierra Peña Blanca, Peña Blanca District, Aldama Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoNopal I mineGeorge-Aniel et al. (1991)10.2113/gsecongeo.86.2.233EG86_233The Nopal 1 Deposit is used to describe the formation age of other similar deposits found in the Sierra Peña Blanca area, and are all found within the Nopal Rhyolite.
Giersdorf_0000096244.742.943.8±0.9      Kaolinite, Montmorillonite, Uranophane, ParauranophaneU208595Puerto No. 3 Mine, Sierra Peña Blanca, Peña Blanca District, Aldama Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoPuerto 3 mineGeorge-Aniel et al. (1991)10.2113/gsecongeo.86.2.233EG86_233The age is derived from the age of the host Nopal Rhyolite.
sedznpb-0031926.626.626.6        2311Santa Eulalia District, Aquiles Serdán Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoSanta EulaliaSinger et al. (2009) USGSOFR2009-1252 
sedznpb-0030345.245.245.2        28957Bismark Mine, Ascención Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoBismarkSinger et al. (2009) USGSOFR2009-1252 
EG98_1029_tbl_1_001484548–45?K-Ar       2300Batopilas, Andres Del Rio District, Batopilas Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoBatopilasCamprubi et al. (2003)10.2113/gsecongeo.98.5.1029EG98_1029 
PorphCu-0000652.750.551.6±1.1      Actinolite, Chalcanthite, Chalcopyrite, Galena, Molybdenite, Pyrite, SphaleriteCu2300Batopilas, Andres Del Rio District, Batopilas Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoBatopilasSinger et al. (2008) USGSOFR2008_1155 
sedcu-00519135135L. Cretaceous       Cu17466Coyame Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoLas VigasCox et al. (2003) USGSOFR03_107 
sedznpb-0031533.923Oligocene        18802Plomosas Mine, Las Plomosas, Coyame Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoPlomosasSinger et al. (2009) USGSOFR2009-1252 
PorphCu-0033747.345.346.3±1      Albite, Alunite, Antlerite, Atacamite, Chalcanthite, Chalcocite, Chalcopyrite, Chrysocolla, Jarosite, Molybdenite, Pyrite, TurquoiseCu205992Cerro Colorado Cu-Au Deposit, Cinco Llagas, Guadalupe Y Calvo Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoCerro ColoradoSinger et al. (2008) USGSOFR2008_1155 
PorphCu-00336200200200      Anhydrite, Chalcopyrite, Galena, Molybdenite, Pyrite, SphaleriteCu205991Bahuerachi Cu Deposit, El Saucillo, Guazapares Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoBahuerachiSinger et al. (2008) USGSOFR2008_1155 
EG98_1029_tbl_1_00329.227.8<29.2–27.8K-Ar       29036Ocampo Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoOcampoCamprubi et al. (2003)10.2113/gsecongeo.98.5.1029EG98_1029 
EG98_1029_tbl_1_00430.630.630.6K-Ar       16078San Francisco Del Oro Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoSan Francisco del OroCamprubi et al. (2003)10.2113/gsecongeo.98.5.1029EG98_1029 
sedznpb-00313262626        16778Naica Mine, Naica, Saucillo Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoNaicaSinger et al. (2009) USGSOFR2009-1252 
Giersdorf_00000268606060Re-OsAge applies to mineralization of a Laramide Granodiorite and its accompanying porphyriesmolybdenite   MolybdeniteChalcopyrite, Molybdenite, Pyrite 18426Piedras Verde Mine (Piedras Verdes Mine), Piedras Verde (Piedras Verdes), Urique Municipality, Chihuahua, MexicoPiedras Verdes mineValencia-Moreno et al. (2007)10.1130/2007.2422(16)GSASP422_433 


SampleSource LocalityReference URL
R050501Los Lamentos Mts (Sierra De Los Lamentos), Ahumada Municipality, Chihuahua, Mexicohttps://rruff.info/R050501
R040004Erupción Mine (Ahumada Mine; Erupción-Ahumada Mine), Los Lamentos Mts (Sierra De Los Lamentos), Ahumada Municipality, Chihuahua, Mexicohttps://rruff.info/R040004
R050533Erupción Mine (Ahumada Mine; Erupción-Ahumada Mine), Los Lamentos Mts (Sierra De Los Lamentos), Ahumada Municipality, Chihuahua, Mexicohttps://rruff.info/R050533
R060461Margaritas No. 1 Mine, Sierra Peña Blanca, Peña Blanca District, Aldama Municipality, Chihuahua, Mexicohttps://rruff.info/R060461
R050445Animas Mine, Francisco Portillo, West Camp, Santa Eulalia District, Aquiles Serdán Municipality, Chihuahua, Mexicohttps://rruff.info/R050445
R070536Potosí Mine (El Potosí Mine), Francisco Portillo, West Camp, Santa Eulalia District, Aquiles Serdán Municipality, Chihuahua, Mexicohttps://rruff.info/R070536
R100016Potosí Mine (El Potosí Mine), Francisco Portillo, West Camp, Santa Eulalia District, Aquiles Serdán Municipality, Chihuahua, Mexicohttps://rruff.info/R100016
R070318Arechuybo, Chihuahua, Mexicohttps://rruff.info/R070318
X050033Casas Grandes, Chihuahua, Mexicohttps://rruff.info/X050033
R040123San Pedro Corralitos, Casas Grandes Municipality, Chihuahua, Mexicohttps://rruff.info/R040123
R070730La Mesa, Chihuahua, Mexicohttps://rruff.info/R070730
R130013Allende Meteorite (Pueblito De Allende Meteorite; Qutrixpileo Meteorite [NHM Cat.]), Pueblito De Allende, Chihuahua, Mexicohttps://rruff.info/R130013
X050097Cave Of Swords, Gibraltar Mine, Naica, Saucillo Municipality, Chihuahua, Mexicohttps://rruff.info/X050097


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